目的探讨家族性低镁血症高钙尿症与肾钙质沉着症(familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis,FHHNC)患者的临床特点和致病基因特征。方法2016年2月收治1例女性患者,年龄24岁。入院前1个月外院腹部X线片(...目的探讨家族性低镁血症高钙尿症与肾钙质沉着症(familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis,FHHNC)患者的临床特点和致病基因特征。方法2016年2月收治1例女性患者,年龄24岁。入院前1个月外院腹部X线片(KUB)检查示左肾结石,双肾钙质沉着。患者于外院行经皮肾镜取石术清除大部分左肾结石。本次入院后实验室检查:血镁0.65 mmol/L,24 h尿钙364.0 mg,血甲状旁腺激素187.4 pg/ml,血肌酐101.5μmol/L。行输尿管软镜碎石术清除左肾残余结石。考虑患者为FHHNC,对患者及其父母行外周血CLDN16和CLDN19基因测序分析。结果基因测序结果显示患者CLDN16基因的第2外显子第123密码子一个碱基缺失(c.368delA),第2外显子第139密码子发生错义突变[c.416C→T(p.A139V)]。患者母亲的第139密码子第2个碱基胞嘧啶变为胸腺嘧啶(c.416C→T);患者父亲的第123密码子第2个碱基腺嘌呤缺失(c.368delA)。该患者确诊为FHHNC,口服氢氯噻嗪、枸橼酸钾、钙镁片治疗。随访6个月,复查血镁1.0 mmol/L,24 h尿钙156.0 mg,血甲状旁腺激素139.6 pg/ml,泌尿系结石无复发,双肾钙质沉着症及肾功能损伤无明显加重。结论CLDN16基因复合杂合突变致FHHNC的临床三联症为低镁血症、高钙尿症和肾钙质沉着症,确诊依靠CLDN16和CLDN19基因测序。肾功能严重受损前以对症治疗为主,给予氢氯噻嗪、枸橼酸钾、钙镁片治疗有可能明显改善低镁血症和高钙尿症。展开更多
目的探讨家族性低镁血症继发低钙血症(familial hypomagnesaemia with secondary hypocalcaemia,HSH)的药物治疗。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院神经内科诊治的HSH患儿的临床特征及药物治疗,并对...目的探讨家族性低镁血症继发低钙血症(familial hypomagnesaemia with secondary hypocalcaemia,HSH)的药物治疗。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院神经内科诊治的HSH患儿的临床特征及药物治疗,并对其进行8个月至3年8个月的随访观察。结果4例患儿中男、女各2例,临床表现主要有惊厥、易惊、易激惹及发育落后。初始治疗给予MgSO4注射液0.17~0.44mmol·kg^-1·d^-1肌内注射,症状缓解后镁剂口服的维持剂量为0.09~0.19 mmol·kg^-1·d^-1。4例患儿均未达到血镁正常水平,但随访显示均无惊厥发作,其中3例预后良好,发育正常,1例因未及时明确诊断及补镁治疗,遗留极重度发育落后。结论推荐HSH长期口服补镁的治疗目标为维持患者达到无低镁临床症状并使钙代谢正常化的镁剂量。持续口服补镁治疗后患儿虽长期处于低镁状态,但未对患儿神经发育造成不良影响。展开更多
HYPOPARATHYROIDISM is characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and low or inappropriately normal levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is a key calcium regulatinghormone essential for calcium homeostasis,...HYPOPARATHYROIDISM is characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and low or inappropriately normal levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is a key calcium regulatinghormone essential for calcium homeostasis, vitamin D-dependent calcium absorption, renal calcium reabsorption and renal phosphate clearance. Hypoparathyroidism may be due to congenital or acquired disorders. Causes include autoimmune diseases, genetic abnormalities, destruction or infiltrative disorders of the parathyroid glands.展开更多
文摘HYPOPARATHYROIDISM is characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and low or inappropriately normal levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is a key calcium regulatinghormone essential for calcium homeostasis, vitamin D-dependent calcium absorption, renal calcium reabsorption and renal phosphate clearance. Hypoparathyroidism may be due to congenital or acquired disorders. Causes include autoimmune diseases, genetic abnormalities, destruction or infiltrative disorders of the parathyroid glands.