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城市住宅和住区代谢的研究框架与指标体系
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作者 郭子昀 张晓刚 +1 位作者 李枝坚 曾辉 《生态经济》 北大核心 2021年第2期88-95,共8页
住宅与住区在城市生态系统中是介于城市与家庭中间的两个层级,其物质能量代谢并非是家庭代谢在不同尺度上的集合,而是有着自身鲜明的层级特点。设计城市住宅和住区代谢分析的研究框架和指标体系,可用于对住宅和住区的代谢过程与代谢特... 住宅与住区在城市生态系统中是介于城市与家庭中间的两个层级,其物质能量代谢并非是家庭代谢在不同尺度上的集合,而是有着自身鲜明的层级特点。设计城市住宅和住区代谢分析的研究框架和指标体系,可用于对住宅和住区的代谢过程与代谢特点进行标准化的系统性分析,为定量研究和评价城市住宅与住区的代谢状况提供依据。在明确了现代化住宅和住区代谢研究边界的基础上,阐明了城市住宅和住区代谢的物质能量过程,建构了城市住宅和住区代谢的研究框架,并对划分的"城市住宅物质代谢""城市住宅能源代谢"和"城市住区物质代谢""城市住区能源代谢"四个子框架进行了深入分析,设计了城市住宅和住区代谢的描述性指标体系,并对该指标体系进行了详细说明。最后,针对研究框架和指标体系在未来的迭代更新提出了建议。 展开更多
关键词 代谢 住区代谢 研究框架 指标设计
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基于系统动力学的城市住区形态变迁对城市代谢效率的影响 被引量:14
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作者 李旋旗 花利忠 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第10期2965-2974,共10页
改革开放以来我国的城市化率急速提高,城市住区形态变迁呈现出大规模、翻新频率快和多样化的特点。研究不同城市住区形态变迁前后的代谢效率变化,对我国的可持续人居环境构建有着重大的意义。运用功能分类法设计了城市代谢系统分类框架... 改革开放以来我国的城市化率急速提高,城市住区形态变迁呈现出大规模、翻新频率快和多样化的特点。研究不同城市住区形态变迁前后的代谢效率变化,对我国的可持续人居环境构建有着重大的意义。运用功能分类法设计了城市代谢系统分类框架作为构建城市代谢系统动力学模型的基础,继而通过对住区与住区形态的文献调研与形态分析,将典型住区类型分为旧式住区、传统单位住区、普通商品房住区、新式商品房住区与半城市化住区。选择厦门市为研究区域,采用调查问卷进行了数据收集,并用能值分析法计算出不同住区类型的代谢效率,随后用Vensim软件构建了住区形态变迁对城市代谢效率影响的系统动力学模型。通过情景模拟后发现:住区形态的更迭过程基本上都会带来福利效率的提升,但在很多情况下会给城市整体物质代谢效率带来负面影响,交通效率与住房效率的下滑是最主要的原因。旧式住区向半城市化住区转变是仅有一个城市整体物质代谢效率提高的情景。半城市化住区和普通商品房住区向新式商品房住区转变的情景下,城市整体物质代谢效率的下降幅度与福利效率的增长幅度都较为适中。 展开更多
关键词 城市代谢 形态变迁 住区代谢效率 系统动力学
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Incorporating the Built Environment Interactions into Spatial Pattern Models to Understand Urban Metabolism in Tokyo's Residential Area
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作者 Akiko Kokubun Eiji Hato 《Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture》 2013年第7期854-866,共13页
In Tokyo, as residential areas exist in the urban areas and are composed of areas owned by individual land owners, basically spatial changes are brought by redevelopments of each sites conducted by individual circumst... In Tokyo, as residential areas exist in the urban areas and are composed of areas owned by individual land owners, basically spatial changes are brought by redevelopments of each sites conducted by individual circumstances and motivations. Continuous redevelopments and spatial changes can be found dispersedly in areas. Once the spatial change in a certain site occurred in an area as a building, it will be contained in the built environment of the residential area which is defined by residents, planners and designers who will take part in the following spatial changes. In Tokyo, public transportation facilities are well developed, and residents' daily life involves activities such as a slow walking and bicycle, etc. around the place of residence near the public transportation hubs, each living territories are formed in this kind of manner. Considering the maintenance of spatial value in residential areas while understanding transformation of visual local environment in residential areas which focuses on appearance of each spatial change in an area of street will be of significant importance. In this paper, the authors try to describe interactions of spatial changes in existing urban residential areas focusing on utility of players who might take part in the following spatial changes and the method of discrete choice model. 展开更多
关键词 Existing urban residential areas in Tokyo redevelopment of housing site modification interaction discrete choicemodel.
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