体内因素对噪声性听损伤的影响

最新的研究表明,噪声对听力的损伤不仅取决于外界噪声刺激的性质、强度和持续时间,而且体内因素以及内耳局部调节机制密切相关。本文综述近年来有关文献,讨论了物质代谢改变、神经内分泌改变以及一些相关因素协同作用对噪声性听损伤的影响。关于体内因素对噪声性听损伤影响的研究及噪声性聋防治提供了新的重要线索和理论依据,具有广泛应用前景。

两种免疫抑制方案的肾移植术后患者环孢素血药浓度与体内因素相关性的差异研究

目的研究肾移植术后应用两种不同的免疫抑制方案,环孢素A血药浓度与患者体内因素相关性的差异。方法采用回顾性调查方法,查阅该院肾移植术后1周～1个月内服用CsA的患者病历,记录CsA血药浓度及相应的生化检验值,并应用SPSS13.0统计软件对数据进行全回归分析。结果全回归分析表明,方案一:在丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、AST/ALT、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素(Urea)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Crea)等生化因素协同存在的情况下,上述各值与CsA单位剂量血药浓度存在线性关系(P<0.05)。方案二:结果显示体内各生化因素与CsA单位剂量血药浓度不存在线性关系(P>0.05)。结论两种不同免疫抑制方案的肾移植患者,其CsA血药浓度与体内因素相关性存在明显差异。

肾移植术后环孢素血药浓度与患者体内因素相关性分析

目的:研究肾移植术后环孢素(CsA)血药浓度与患者体内因素的相关性。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,查阅我院肾移植术后1周～1个月内服用CsA的患者病历,记录CsA血药浓度及相应的生化检验值,并应用SPSS13.0统计软件对数据进行全回归分析和多元线性回归分析。结果:全回归分析表明,在丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、AST/ALT、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素(Urea)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Crea)等生化因素协同存在的情况下,上述各值与CsA单位剂量血药浓度存在线性关系(P<0.05);进一步用多元线性回归分析表明,CsA单位剂量血药浓度与TP之间存在线性关系(P<0.05)。结论:患者TP是影响CsA血药浓度的独立因素。而ALT、AST、AST/ALT、ALB、DBIL、IBIL、CHE、TBA、LDH、Urea、UA、Crea等可能与TP协同作用而影响CsA血药浓度。

球虫感染与鸡体内外各种因素的相互作用

本文旨在概述鸡与球虫的关系、鸡体内外各种因素的相互作用及其对球虫病的发生、发展及转归的影响。 1.鸡对球虫感染的临床表现由于各球虫虫种对鸡的致病力不同,所以鸡呈现不同的临床表现。就堆型艾美耳球虫(E.acervulina)而言,球虫病主要对鸡产生营养性影响,

体内外因素对大鼠肝脏加工ADAMs的影响研究

ADAMs是近年发现的一个新的具有多个结构域和多种功能的蛋白质家族。本文多方面比较了大鼠实质肝细胞和非实质肝细胞的ADAMs与再生肝的ADAMs异同。检测多种因子对ADAMs体外加工的影响发现，活性的最适pH为3.5-4的酸性蛋白水解酶在细胞ADAMs降解加工中起关键作用；活性的最适pH为7.5-8.5的偏碱性蛋白酶在基质ADAMs降解加工中起重要作用；外源的胶原酶能高效降解75kDADAMs和140kDMDC15，可见，体内胶原酶样的蛋白水解酶是ADAMs降解加工的重要酶类；Fe^3+和Zn^2+等可在体外活化ADAMs的降解，看来，体内降解加工ADAMs的酶属依赖于Fe^3+或Zn^2+的蛋白水解酶。根据研究结果推测，体内许多不同性能的蛋白水解酶，如丝氨酸蛋白水解酶，半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶，天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶和金属蛋白水解酶等参与ADAMs的降解加工。

构建膝关节假体感染兔模型:体内环境因素对表皮葡萄球菌及生物膜的影响

背景:细菌生物膜是导致假体感染难以治愈的主要原因。体外实验研究证实高渗氯化钠、乙醇能够明显促进葡萄球菌生物膜的形成,而关于体内假体周围乙醇、高渗环境对生物膜形成的影响未见报道。目的:探讨假体周围不同环境因素对关节置换后假体感染表皮葡萄球菌生长和生物膜形成的影响。方法:构建关节假体表皮葡萄球菌感染的大白兔模型,分为高渗氯化钠组、乙醇组和对照组,每组15只。高渗氯化钠组、乙醇组注入细菌的同时分别加入0.1 m L 4%的氯化钠和体积分数4%的乙醇溶液,对照组注入0.1 m L 0.9%的氯化钠溶液。造模成功后于接种细菌后第2,4,6,8和16天分别处死3只大白兔,留取关节液、假体和感染周围组织。分离培养细菌提取总RNA于基因水平检测ica操纵子转录水平,以扫描电镜观察假体表面细菌黏附情况,应用苏木精-伊红染色观察假体周围感染组织。结果与结论:假体周围组织学观察结果显示,高渗氯化钠组注入细菌后第4天所有动物假体周围组织有炎细胞浸润并于第16天时观察到菌落形成。乙醇组和对照组于第6天发现有炎性浸润。扫描电镜观察到第6,8和16天高渗氯化钠组和乙醇组与对照组相比,假体表面黏附细菌逐渐增加,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。注入细菌后第6,8和16天ica A m RNA在高渗氯化钠组和乙醇组的表达明显高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。提示关节置换后假体周围环境因素的改变能够影响表皮葡萄球菌的生长以及生物膜的形成。

高浓度硅藻对桡足类繁殖的影响

近年来,许多现场和实验室研究表明:一直被看作是桡足类主要食物来源的硅藻对桡足类繁殖、生长和发育具有抑制作用。本文通过桡足类体内因素和体外因素两方面介绍了高浓度硅藻对桡足类种群动态的影响。体内因素主要体现在硅藻的营养缺陷和次级代谢物毒性伤害上,体外因素主要为硅藻胞外分泌物、环境因素以及实验方法不同等。文章在介绍其研究现状的基础上,对今后的工作加以展望。

Effect of JIANPI HUOXUE decoction on inflammatory cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver with lipopolysaccharide challenge

AIM： To evaluate the effect of Chinese traditional medicinal prescription, JIANPI HUOXUE decoction （JHD） on cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. METHODS： Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into normal group （n = 4）, model group （n = 10） and JHD group （n = 10） randomly. Rats in model group and JHD group were administrated with normal saline or JHD via gastrogavage respectively twice a day for 3 d. One hour after the last administration, rats were injected with LPS via tail vein, 50 μg/kg. Simultaneously, rats in normal group were injected with equivalent normal saline. After LPS stimulation for 1.5 h, serum and liver tissue were collected. Pathological change of liver tissues was observed through hematoxylineosin （H.E.） staining. Tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） in serum were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The protein expression of TNF-α, phosphorylated inhibit-κB （p-κB） and CD68 in liver were assayed by Western blot. The distribution of CD68 protein in liver was observed through immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, CD14, toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in liver were assayed by real-time RT-PCR.RESULTS： Predominant microvesicular change, hepatocyte tumefaction and cytoplasm dilution were observed in liver tissues after LPS administration as well as obvious CD68 positive staining in hepatic sinusoidal. After LPS stimulation, serum TNF-α （31.35 ± 6.06 vs 12225.40 ± 9007.03, P 〈 0.05）, protein expression of CD68 （1.13 ± 0.49 vs 3.36 ±1.69, P 〈 0.05）, p-IκB （0.01 ±0.01 vs 2.07 ＋ 0.83, P 〈 0.01） and TNF-α （0.27 ± 0.13 vs 1.29 ± 0.37, P 〈 0.01） in liver and mRNA expression of TNF-α （1.96 ± 2.23 vs 21.45 ±6.00, P 〈 0.01）, IL-6 （4.80 ± 6.42 vs 193.50 ± 36.36, P 〈 0.01） and TLR2 （1.44 ± 0.62 vs 4.16 ± 0.08, P 〈 0.01） in liver were also increased significantly. These pathological changes were all improved in .1HD group. On the other hand, TLR4 mRNA （1.22 ± 0.30 vs 0.50 ± 0.15, P 〈 0.05） was down-regulated and CD14 mRNA increased but not significantly after LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION： JHD can inhibit cytokine secretion pathway induced by LPS in rat liver, which is probably associated with its regulation on CD68, p-IκB and endotoxin receptor TLR2.

The Research of the Influential Factors of Wearing Comfort of Functional Underwear

Along with the rich material life, the change of the diet structure, people＇s shape also began to change.With performance m females is the body fat＇s increasing, the shape is not beautiful, therefore, body sculpting underwear has become the first choice for women to pursue beauty.To the requirement of sculpting body underwear is also becoming higher and higher for women.Comfortable and fashion is the sign of measuring a sculpting body underwear quality. This paper introduces the development history of sculpting body underwear, sculpting body underwear comfort evaluation index.And from the three aspects of the human body, clothing, environment do research to sculpting body underwear about the influence factors of wearing comfort.lt provides the certain reference value for consumers to purchase the sculpting body underwear and for enterprise to product sculpting body underwear.

Altered expression of mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents by mitochondrial cDNA array analysis

Objective： To explore the mechanism of native Tibetan fetuses adaptation to hypoxia, we tried to find the different expression genes about mitochondrial function in the native Tibetan placents. Methods： In this study, the placents of native Tibetan and the high-altitude Hart （ha-Hart） were collected. After the total RNA extraction, the finally synthesized cDNAs were hybridized to mitochondrial array to find the altered expression genes between them. Then, the cytochrome c oxidase 17 （Coxl7）, dynactin 2 （DCTN2, also known as p50）, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor （VEGFR, also known as KDR） were chosen from the altered expression genes to further verify the array results using the SYBR Green real-time PCR. Because the altered expression genes （such as Cybb and Cox 17） in the array results related to the activities of COXI and COXIV, the placental mitochondria activities of COXI and COXIV were measured to find their changes in the hypoxia. Results： By a standard of≥1.5 or ≤0.67, there were 24 different expressed genes between the native Tibetan and the ha-Han placents, including 3 up-regulated genes and 21 down-regulated genes. These genes were related to energy metabolism, signal transduction, cell proliferation, electron transport, cell adhesion, nucleotide-excision repair. The array results of Cox17, DCTN2 and KDR were further verified by the real-time RT-PCR. Through the mitochondria respiration measurements, the activity of COXI in the native Tibetan placents were higher than that of ha-Han, there was no difference in COXIV activity between them. Conclusion： The altered mitochondrial related genes in the native Tibetan placents may have a role in the high altitude adaptation for fetuses through changing the activity of mitochondrial COX.

Gaussia Luciferase Reporter Assay for Assessment of Gene Delivery Systems in Vivo

Objective To develop an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.Methods Mouse primary spleen lymphocytes were genetically modified in vitro by a retroviral vector harboring a Gaussia luciferase(Gluc) expression cassette.After implantation of these cells into recipient mice,the expression of Gluc was detected in whole blood or plasma collected.Results As little as 10 μL whole blood drawn from the recipient mice could guarantee prompt reading of Gluc activity with a luminometer.And the reading was found in good correlation with the number of genetically modified spleen lymphocytes implanted to the mice.Conclusions Gluc may be useful as an in vivo reporter for gene therapy researches,and Gluc blood assay could provide an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.

Curcumin suppresses PPARδ expression and related genes in HT-29 cells

AIM:To investigate the effects of curcumin on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorδ(PPARδ)and related genes in HT-29 cells. METHODS:HT-29 cells were treated with curcumin (0-80μmol/L)for 24 h.The effects of curcumin on the morphology of HT-29 cells were studied by Hoechst 33342 staining.The activity of caspase-3 was determined using DEVD-p NA as substrate.The levels of peroxisome PPARδ,14-3-3εand vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in HT-29 cells were determined by Western blotting analysis and their mRNA expression was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS:Treatment with 10-80μmol/L curcumin induced typical features of apoptosis and activated the caspase-3 in HT-29 cells.The expression of PPARδ, 14-3-3εand VEGF was reduced and the activity of β-catenin/Tcf-4 signaling was inhibited by curcumin treatment. CONCLUSION:Curcumin can induce apoptosis of HT-29 cells and down-regulate the expression of PPARδ,14-3-3εand VEGF in HT-29.

Effect of acupuncture on the luteal function of rats with embryo implantation dysfunction

Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture on the luteal function of rats with embryo implantation dysfunction, and to explore its mechanism. Methods The early pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal control group （N）, model group （M）, acupoint group （A）, and non-acupoint group （AC）. The model of embryo implantation dysfunction in Group M, A, and AC was established with Mifepristone. For rats in Group A, bilateral ＂Housanli＂ （后三里 ST 36） and ＂Sanyinjiao＂ （三阴交 SP 6） were needled, while the non-acupoints beside the acupoints were needled in Group AC. In this experiment, the serum levels of luteinizing hormone （LH）, estradiol （E2）, and progesterone （P） were detected with radioimmunoassay, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in the rat ovarian tissue was detected by using Western-blot. The mRNA expressions of VEGF and luteinizing hormone receptor （LHR） in the ovarian tissue were detected by using RT-PCR. Results The serum levels of LH and P were significantly higher in group A than in group M and AC （all P〈0.05）, showing no statistical significance when compared with group N. The VEGF content, and expressions of VEGF mRNA and LHR mRNA in the ovarian tissue of group A were significantly elevated than those in group M and group AC （all P〈0.05）, showing no statistical significance when compared with group N. Conclusion Needling at ＂Housanli＂ （后三里 ST 36） and ＂Sanyinjiao＂ （三阴交 SP 6） could elevate the serum levels of LH and P of rats with embryo implantation dysfunction, and up-regulate the expression of LHR mRNA, VEGF and its mRNA in the ovarian tissue. It may enhance the luteal function of rats with embryo implantation dysfunction and improve its embryo implantation environment.

Novel multi-probe RNase protection assay set for detection of endotoxin associated receptors gene expression

Objective: To construct the multi probe ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) template set to be used for detecting expression patterns of MD 2, TLR4, CD14 mRNAs in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Methods: The designed cDNA fragments of the three genes were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers and directionally cloned into EcoR I and Hind III sites of expression plasmid pSP72 containing the T7 promoter, the linearized plasmids was used as template to synthesize anti sense RNA probes. Then we extracted total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and detected the dynamic expression patterns of the three genes with RPA method. Results: The proper sequence and orientation of the template set were confirmed by sequencing and the template set was successfully used to assay TLR4, MD 2 and CD14 mRNAs in human PBMC. The results showed that the three detected genes decreased transiently 1 3 hours after 100 ng/ml LPS stimulation. Conclusions: These new RPA multi probe set provided valuable tool for the simultaneous quantitative determination of expression of TLR4, CD14 and MD 2 mRNAs in both constitutive and inducible types.

Building towards a standardised approach to biocorrosion studies: a review of factors influencing Mg corrosion in vitro pertinent to in vivo corrosion

The factors that influence magnesium（Mg）corrosion in vitro are systematically evaluated from a review of the relevant literature. We analysed the influence of the following factors on Mg biocorrosion in vitro：（i） inorganic ions,including both anions and cations,（ii） organic components such as proteins, amino acids and vitamins, and（iii） experimental parameters such as temperature, p H, buffer system and flow rate. Considerations and recommendations towards a standardised approach to in vitro biocorrosion testing are given. Several potential simulated body fluids are recommended. Implementing a standardised approach to experimental parameters has the potential to significantly reduce variability between in vitro biocorrosion tests, and to help build towards a methodology that accurately and consistently mimics in vivo corrosion. However, there are also knowledge gaps with regard to how best to characterise the in vivo environment and corrosion mechanism. The assumption that blood plasma is the correct bodily fluid upon which to base in vitro methodologies is examined, and factors that influence the corrosion mechanism in vivo, such as specimen encapsulation, bear consideration for further studies.

Protective effect of liposome-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor gene transfer in vivo on motoneurons following spinal cord injury in rats

Objective: To investigate the effect of liposome-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene transfer in vivo on spinal cord motoneurons after spinal cord injury (SCI) in adult rats. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into two groups: GDNF group and control group. The SCI model was established according to the method of Nystrom, and then the DC-Chol liposomes and recombinant plasmid pEGFP-GDNF cDNA complexes were injected into the injured spinal cord. The expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week after injection was detected by RT-PCR and fluorescence microscope. We observed the remaining motoneurons in the anterior horn and the changes of cholinesterase (CHE) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity using Nissl and enzyme histochemistry staining. The locomotion function of hind limbs of rats was evaluated using inclined plane test and BBB locomotor scale. Results: RT-PCR and fluorescence observation confirmed the presence of expression of GDNF cDNA 1 week and 4 weeks after injection. At 1, 2, 4 weeks after SCI, the number of motoneurons in the anterior horn in GDNF group ((20.4)±(3.2), (21.7)±(3.6), (22.5)±(3.4)) was more than that in control group ((16.8)±(2.8), (17.3)±(2.7), (18.2)±(3.2), P<(0.05)). At 1, 2 weeks after SCI, the mean gray of the CHE-stained spinal motoneurons in GDNF group ((74.2)±(25.8), (98.7)±(31.6)) was less than that in control group ((98.5)±(32.2), (134.6)±(45.2), P<(0.01)), and the mean gray of ACP in GDNF group ((84.5)±(32.6), (79.5)±(28.4)) was more than that in control group ((61.2)±(24.9), (52.6)±(19.9), P<(0.01)). The locomotion functional scales in GDNF group were higher than that in control group within 1 to 4 weeks after SCI (P<(0.05)). Conclusions: GDNF gene transfer in vivo can protect motoneurons from death and degeneration induced by incompleted spinal cord injury as well as enhance locomotion functional restoration of hind limbs. These results suggest that liposome-mediated delivery of GDNF cDNA might be a practical method for treating traumatic spinal cord injury.