聚乳酸、聚乳酸乙醇酸共聚物微球的制备及体外释放影响因素研究进展

目的 :对近年来以PLA、PLGA为载体的微球剂的研究进展进行综述。方法 :查阅近 10年来有关PLA、PLGA微球研究的国内外文献 ,介绍此类微球的制备方法和影响其体外释放等性质的主要因素。结果 :PLA、PLGA的性质、药物的性质及微球的制备工艺等对微球的体外释放等性质均有重要的影响。结论 :对以PLA、PLGA为载体制备的药物微球 。

冠状动脉旁路移植术非体外循环中转体外循环危险因素的评价

目的:分析与评价冠状动脉旁路移植术非体外循环(OPCAB)术中中转体外循环的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析145例接受OPCAB手术治疗的冠心病患者的临床资料,其中5例中转体外循环。采用不同形式的单因素分析法和多元逐步回归分析,筛选出相关的危险因素。结果:各备选危险因素经单因素分析法的筛选,对符合条件的8个术前危险因素进行logistic回归分析,急性心肌梗死3周内、左主干狭窄度(%)、左室射血分数(LVEF)构成危险因素,其OR分别是18.25,1.029,0.913。结论:OPCAB中转体外循环(ONCAB)相关因素复杂多变,急性心肌梗死内3周、LVEF、左主干狭窄度构成中转的危险因素。但该结果尚有待于大规模多中心的综合评价验证。

高浓度硅藻对桡足类繁殖的影响

近年来,许多现场和实验室研究表明:一直被看作是桡足类主要食物来源的硅藻对桡足类繁殖、生长和发育具有抑制作用。本文通过桡足类体内因素和体外因素两方面介绍了高浓度硅藻对桡足类种群动态的影响。体内因素主要体现在硅藻的营养缺陷和次级代谢物毒性伤害上,体外因素主要为硅藻胞外分泌物、环境因素以及实验方法不同等。文章在介绍其研究现状的基础上,对今后的工作加以展望。

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of 5′ Flanking Region and Exon of Inhibin α Precursor Gene in Goats

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between inihibin （INH） α precursor gene and seasonal reproduction of goats, and investigate the evolutionary conservation of INHα precursor gene. [ Method] Cloning and sequence analysis of 5＇ flanking region and exon of inihibinα （INHE） precursor gene in twenty ewes between non-seasonal estrous breed （Haimen goats） and seasonal estrous breed （Anhui white goats） was analyzed in this study. [ Result] Compared with Anhui white goats, INHα precursor gene in Haimen goats had three SNP but no amino acid change, while its nucleotide homology was 99.7% and amino acid homology was 100%. The nucleotide homology of INHα precursor gene in goat, cattle, pig, person, chicken, horse, rat and dog ranged from 12.7% to 96.5%. [ Conclusion] INHα precursor gene tends to be highly conserved in species, and any change of nucleotide and amino acid maybe directly influence the function of the whole gene coding and regulation.

Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes Derived from Tumor Cells Genetically Expressing Model Antigen

Tumor cell-derived exosomes have been proposed as non-cellular nanomeric vaccine which could induce potent anti- tumor immune response in mice. In order to develop the protocols to prepare tumor cell-derived exosomes for basic research and clinical trail, we isolated exosomes from ovalbumin (OVA)-expressing thymoma cells EG.7-OVA by various preparation methods. We demonstrate the non-sedimentation method is simple, rapid, efficient with higher yield and purity of exosomes. EG.7-OVA-derived exosomes are 40-100 nm in diameter sequestered by lipid bi-layer, and contain rich heat shock protein (HSP) and OVA. The result of the size distribution determination is consistent with the calculation by the visual microscopic inspection, with 90.4% particles at the range of 50-90 nm. Moreover, as a model antigen of the EG.7 cells, OVA concentra- tion in EG.7-derived exosomes can be regarded as a good quality control parameter. Therefore, we have established a platform to efficiently prepare exosomes for tumor immunotherapy.

Analysis on the Independent Extracurricular Practice of Students in the Specialized Dance Sport--Shenyang Sport University is Taken for Example

In this paper, the independent extracurricular practice of the students in the specialized dance sport in Shenyang Sport University is analyzed and studied, and the influencing factors and problems of the students＇ independent extracurricular practice in the specialized dance sport are further analyzed based on knowing well the current independent extracurricular practice of the students in the specialized dance sport in Shenyang Sport University, and then the corresponding countermeasures are proposed according to the existing problems. Thus, a theoretical foundation is provided for the future development and continuously deepened physical education reform of the specialized dance sport in physical education institutes.

干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病的研究进展

干细胞移植已经成为治疗缺血性心脏病(心肌缺血和心肌梗死)的新策略,动物实验及早期临床研究都对其治疗效果给予了肯定。然而与动物实验相比,干细胞在临床实践中的应用效果显得差强人意,其作用机制尚不明确,涉及环节既包括近来热门的干细胞与微环境的相互作用(体内因素)对干细胞增殖与分化的影响,又包括研究者对干细胞细胞类型、移植方式及移植时间等因素的选择和操控(体外因素),而体外因素之重要性将直接关系到干细胞在体内的存活状况及与微环境作用效果,甚至可能决定干细胞治疗的成败。本文将对体外可控制因素对干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病的影响作一综述。

Building towards a standardised approach to biocorrosion studies: a review of factors influencing Mg corrosion in vitro pertinent to in vivo corrosion

The factors that influence magnesium（Mg）corrosion in vitro are systematically evaluated from a review of the relevant literature. We analysed the influence of the following factors on Mg biocorrosion in vitro：（i） inorganic ions,including both anions and cations,（ii） organic components such as proteins, amino acids and vitamins, and（iii） experimental parameters such as temperature, p H, buffer system and flow rate. Considerations and recommendations towards a standardised approach to in vitro biocorrosion testing are given. Several potential simulated body fluids are recommended. Implementing a standardised approach to experimental parameters has the potential to significantly reduce variability between in vitro biocorrosion tests, and to help build towards a methodology that accurately and consistently mimics in vivo corrosion. However, there are also knowledge gaps with regard to how best to characterise the in vivo environment and corrosion mechanism. The assumption that blood plasma is the correct bodily fluid upon which to base in vitro methodologies is examined, and factors that influence the corrosion mechanism in vivo, such as specimen encapsulation, bear consideration for further studies.

Novel multi-probe RNase protection assay set for detection of endotoxin associated receptors gene expression

Objective: To construct the multi probe ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) template set to be used for detecting expression patterns of MD 2, TLR4, CD14 mRNAs in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Methods: The designed cDNA fragments of the three genes were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers and directionally cloned into EcoR I and Hind III sites of expression plasmid pSP72 containing the T7 promoter, the linearized plasmids was used as template to synthesize anti sense RNA probes. Then we extracted total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and detected the dynamic expression patterns of the three genes with RPA method. Results: The proper sequence and orientation of the template set were confirmed by sequencing and the template set was successfully used to assay TLR4, MD 2 and CD14 mRNAs in human PBMC. The results showed that the three detected genes decreased transiently 1 3 hours after 100 ng/ml LPS stimulation. Conclusions: These new RPA multi probe set provided valuable tool for the simultaneous quantitative determination of expression of TLR4, CD14 and MD 2 mRNAs in both constitutive and inducible types.