大学生思想道德状况对策审视

通过对四川17所高校体育专业学生思想道德状况调查,本文认为当前体大生思想道德总体积极向上,明礼诚信,恪守道德规范。在深刻分析、探明原因的基础上,提出改进体大生思想道德教育必须富有创造性。

Isolation and Biological Characteristics of Bacteriophage of an Antibiotic-resistant Escherchia coli Strain

In this study, bacteriophage of an antibiotic-resistant Escherchia coil strain isolated from feces of chicken was isolated. Its host range was determined by the method of spotting sample on monolayer agar, and its lysis titer, optimal multiplicity of infection （MOI）, temperature tolerance and pH tolerance were determined by the double-layer agar plate method. The results showed that the bacteriophage had a broad host range. The biological assay demonstrated that two strains of E. coil were fully lysed and one strain of E. coil was weakly lysed by the bacteriophage. The lysis titer and MOI of the bacteriophage were 1.20×10^8 PFU/ml and 1, respec- tively. Under the optimum temperature of 40℃, the Jysis titer of the bacteriophage reached 8.90×10^9 PFU/ml; however, the bacteriophage lost its infectivity at the tem- perature of 80℃. In the pH range of 5-11, the lysis titer of the bacteriophage ranged from10^6 to 10^9 PFU/mI. Under the condition of pH 4 and 12, the bacterio- phage was invalid.

Histological Study on Soybean Somatic Embryogenesis

Soybean somatic cell could induce the development of embryoid which was similar to embryo morphologically and structurally. Somatic embryogenesis system of soybean was used to conduct genetic transformation of soybean because of its several advantages such as higher transformational efficiency, beetter synchronism and fewer plant chimeras among transgenic plants. After infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens,the initiation, differentiation and development of young cotyledon embryogenic cell of soybean which was cultured on selective culture medium with kanamycin were investigated through histological study. The result showed that somatic embryo was differentiated in non-bud differentiation way. The embryogenic cells were differentiated from epidermis of explant or cells in 1 layer or 2 layers, with the division of embryogenic cells and degradation and disorganization of surrounding cells, the embryogenic cells would form embryoid with analogous suspensor structure. Later, globular embryoid would extrude from epidermis then developed into heart-shape embryo. The experiment was expected to provide theoretical reference for the construction of high transformational system of using plant somatic embryogenesis induced by young cotyledon of soybean.

Effect of Rhubarb Decoction on the Isolated Intestinal Movement of Ophicephalus argus

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate effects of rhubarb decoction with different concentrations on the isolated intestinal movement performance of Ophicephalus argus,and to discuss its pharmacological mechanism.[Method] With RM6240C biological signal collection and processing system,tension values of the isolated intestine before and after the treatment by rhubarb decoction with different concentrations were recorded by the isolated organ method.[Result] Rhubarb decoction with concentration of 0.062 and 0.125 g/ml showed obvious enhancement on the isolated intestinal contraction of Ophicephalus argus,while rhubarb decoction with concentration of 0.250 and 0.500 g/ml showed inhibition on the isolated intestinal contraction of Ophicephalus argus.There was an extremely significant difference in rhubarb decoction with concentration of lower than 0.500 g/ml and more than 0.500 g/ml.With the increase of rhubarb concentration,the intestinal movement of Ophicephalus argus enhanced,but the contraction frequency did not change obviously.[Conclusion] Rhubarb decoction has remarkable effects on the contraction of smooth muscle in the isolated intestines of Ophicephalus argus.

Developmental Effects of Intraperitoneal Injection of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Rats During Pregnancy

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread environmental contaminants that are possible health hazards for human beings through a variety of pathways.In the present study,50 time mated pregnant rats were divided into five groups and injected daily from gestational days 7 to 18 with either 2,2′,4,4′- tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 47) or 3,3′,4,4′- tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) or seseme oil (control) to evaluate the effects of these PCBs on prenatal and postnatal development.Offspring were examined for malformations of genitalia at birth and in adulthood.Body weight gains of these animals were checked every 7 days through postnatal day (PND) 119.There were no clinical signs of toxicity in the PCB-treated dams or their offspring throughout the experiment.Litter size and sex ratio of the litters were not affected.Both PCBs produced a significant increase in the females' anogenital distance,suggesting a modification of androgen responsiveness in females resulting from PCB exposure during development.Similar effects were not seen with the males.The proportion of individuals with eyes open by PND 15 was significantly reduced by both PCBs.Exposure to 1 mg/kg body weight of PCB 77 significantly reduced body weight gains in male pups from PND 35 to 119.However,no significant differences were found in body weight gains of the pups exposed to PCB 47.

Researches on the challenges and opportunities of smart phones on the ideological and political education

Mobile use of new media has played an important role in the healthy development of college students and provided convenient conditions whether in learning or school life,which also brings a new educational platform and opportunities for college ideological and political education.From the perspective of dialectical unity, this paper first analyzes the educational function of smart phones,than focuses on the opportunities and challenges for the ideological and political education brought by the smartphone.Results of this study will play a certain reference level to imorove the ideological and oolitical education.

Effects of chromium nanoparticle dosage on growth,body composition,serum hormones and tissue chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats

This 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seven different levels of dietary chromium (Cr) (0,75,150,300,450,600,and 1200 ppb Cr) in the form of Cr nanoparticle (CrNano) on growth,body composition,serum hormones and tissue Cr in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Seventy male SD rats (average initial body weight of (83.2±4.4) g) were randomly assigned to seven dietary treatments (n=10). At the end of the trial,body composition was assessed via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). All rats were then sacrificed to collect samples of blood,organs and tissues for determination of serum hormones and tissue Cr contents. The results indicated that lean body mass was significantly increased (P<0.05) due to the addition of 300 and 450 ppb Cr from CrNano. Supplementation of 150,300,450,and 600 ppb Cr decreased (P<0.05) percent body fat significantly. Average daily gain was increased (P<0.05) by addition of 75,150,and 300 ppb Cr and feed efficiency was increased (P<0.05) by supplementation of 75,300,and 450 ppb Cr. Addition of 300 and 450 ppb Cr decreased (P<0.05) the insulin level in serum greatly. Cr contents in liver and kidney were greatly increased (P<0.05) by the addition of Cr as CrNano in the dosage of from 150 ppb to 1 200 ppb. In addition,Supplementation of 300,450,and 600 ppb Cr significantly increased (P<0.05) Cr content in the hind leg muscle. These results suggest that supplemental CrNano has beneficial effects on growth performance and body composition,and increases tissue Cr concentration in selected muscles.

Effect of Polysaccharides Including Elicitors on Organogenesis in Protocorm-like Body （PLB） of Cymbidium insigne in vitro

Among orchids, Cymbidiums have got a very high demand in both cut flower and pot plant trade. In the present study the effect of some polysaccharides such as chitosan and NAG （n-acetyl-glucosamine） on organogenesis in protocorm-like-bodies （PLBs） of C. insigne was studied. Synthetic phytohormones such as BA and TDZ （cytokinins） and NAA （auxin） were used for comparison. PLBs of C. insigne were explanted on modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with the single addition of chitosan and NAG, and the combination of BA （benzyladenine） and NAA （1-naphthaleneacetic acid） also with the combination of NAA and TDZ （thidiazuron） among different concentrations. Combination treatments of auxin and cytokinins, the highest percentage of PLBs formation was 73% and shoot formation was 67% when cultured on the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L1 BA without NAA. Combination treatment of NAA and TDZ, the PLBs formation was 90% and shoot formation was 60% obtained from medium supplemented with 1.0 mg Lt of NAA ＋ 0.1 mg L^-1 TDZ. Single addition of chitosan and NAG with modified MS medium was more effective for new PLBs and shoot formation. The highest percentage of PLBs formation was 87% and shoot formation was 80% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L^-1 chitosan. On the other hand, the PLBs formation rate reached 93% and shoot formation rate was 87% obtained from the medium supplemented with 0.01 mg L^-1 NAG. Application of polysaccharides to in vitro orchid PLBs allows developing new PLBs and shoot to form plantlet without synthetic phytohormones.

Ecological species groups and interspecific association of vegetation in natural recovery process at Xiejiadian landslide after 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008 triggered numerous landslides, which disturbed vast areas of vegetation in northwest Sichuan. However, based on our primary field investigation at Xiejiadian landslide in July 2009, we found an obvious increase of the number of plant species and then we made a hypothesis that, after earthquake, vegetation at this landslide might recover by itself. In this paper, we conduct a newly field investigation at Xiejiadian landslide during November 2014 to verify this hypothesis. We investigated plant species composition at total 56 sites(trees 4, shrubs 16 and herbs 36, respectively), and calculated the Schluter's variance ratio, important values, x2 test, associationcoefficient, Ochiai index, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients, and Ecological species groups. Species sharply increased to 84 species belonging to 66 genera and 54 families, forming a complete life form containing trees, shrubs, herbs, and ground layers while only herbs detected in 2009. Moreover, an overall positive and moderately related interspecies association was detected for most of species pairs. Of total 84 species, twenty five were identified as dominant species and could be divided into four positive ecological species groups. This study verified our proposed hypothesis of self-recovery of vegetation in landslide triggered by the earthquake, and found Alnus cremastogyne, Rhus chinensis, Litsea cubeba, Vitis piasezkii and Anemone vitifolia would play a constructive role during the continuing succession of vegetation at Xiejiadian landslide.

Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk:A systematic meta-analysis

AIM:To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms present in the vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene and colorectal cancer risk,a systematic meta-analysis of population-based studies was performed.METHODS:A total of 38 relevant reports published between January 1990 and August 2010 were identified,of which only 23 qualified for this meta-analysis based on our selection criteria.Five polymorphic variants of the VDR gene,including Cdx-2(intron 1e) and FokI(exon 2) present in the 5' region of the gene,and BsmI(intron 8),ApaI(intron 8),and TaqI(exon 9) sites present in the 3' untranslated region(UTR),were evaluated for possible associations with colorectalcancer risk.Review manager 4.2 was used to perform statistical analyses.RESULTS:In the meta-analysis performed,only the BsmI polymorphism was found to be associated with colorectal cancer risk.In particular,the BsmI B genotype was found to be related to an overall decrease in the risk for colorectal cancer [BB vs bb:odds ratio(OR) = 0.87,95% CI:0.80-0.94,P = 3 × 10-4;BB vs Bb + bb:OR = 0.90,95% CI:0.84-0.97,P = 5 × 10-4].Moreover,in subgroup analyses,the BsmI B genotype was significantly associated with colon cancer,and not rectal cancer.An absence of between-study heterogeneity was also observed.CONCLUSION:A meta-analysis of 23 published studies identified the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene to be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.

Construction and Application of New Media-based Social Core Values of College Students

New media have exerted profound influence on the core values of contemporary college students. In the new media era, in order to cultivate and practice the social core values, we have to transform the concept and method of education. It is also important to realize the positive and negative influence of core values on both college students and teachers, so that the education on social core values can be carried out in an active and effective way.

Study on the Current Physical Quality of Modem College Students and the Countermeasures

In recent years, the unexpected accidents of college students have occurred frequently in the playground. A student in Shanghai Sanda University suddenly fell at tile basketball class at the end of last year. In the same month, a male student in Shanghai East China University fell on the ground when taking part in the physical test of lkm running, and then passed away after the rescue was not valid. In this paper, the physical quality of the current college students is discussed on the basis of studying college students＇ quality education. This study is expected to play a role in reference.

Mobile media for the negative effects of college students＇ study review and prospect

With the rapid economic development of society, mobile media is quickly becoming part of people＇s lives. This primary system sorts out the literature on college students＇ negative impact of mobile media, summarized the characteristics of mobile media, negative impacts, and response strategies, and their lack of research and prospects for further research, with a view to further address the disadvantages, the advantages of mobile media to play the largest role.

Study on the Impact of ＂Health Qigong. WuQinxi＂ on the Physical Health of the University Students

This study based on documents and materials, interview, experiment and data statistical analysis, as well as by the means of ＂Health Qigong.WuQinxi＂, and carries on a 4-month exercise intervention aiming at the university students, furthermore to have a comparison of their level scores on physical shape, physiological indicator, before and after the experiment. And we come to a conclusion through this 4-month exercise, when concerns to physical shape and physiological indicator： we can see a significant difference on WHR body mass index and vital capacity （p≤ 0.01）; as well as waist circumference, pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, sit and reach, grip strength （p ≤ 0.05）. So we note that long-term ＂Health Qignng .WuQinxi＂ practice can improve the physical health of the university students, and assess the students who failed to meet health standards physically, and fmally realize our hope promoting the comprehensive development of university students.

Ecologically-Based Production Systems： Production of Banana in the Atlantic Forest in the State of Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

This paper analyzes the performance and operation of ecologically-based production systems in the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil in an integrated approach to their multifunctional characteristics and rural development. Nowadays the Atlantic Forest is considered the most threatenet biome, because of exploitation of their biological resources and unsuitable agricultural purposes. Banana cultivation is one of biggest commercial productions in atlantic south portion of forest, showing two different cropping systems： one using conventional management tehniques and other antagonistic, ecological based. The ecological system is compatible with the conservation of sustainable use of forests. The article presents a comparative analysis-diagnosis of major production and cultivation systems of banana, using the production systems approach, with evaluation of economic and technical indicators. The database is composed by 17 interviews conducted under field conditions in 2007. As a result, the technical and economic functioning of ecological systems demonstrate achieve economic efficiency, in general, higher than conventional systems. Furthermore, some key characteristics of ecological based systems focus on food production and income generation for farmers without harming areas of the Atlantic Forest, being in equilibrium with tropical dynamic and being an important instrument for the restoration of degraded ecosystems and for local development.

An extra embryonic phase in the true freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott,1967(Decapoda,Potamidae)

The true freshwater crabs(Crustacea,Decapoda,Brachyura) are highly adapted to life in freshwater and complete their life cycle entirely independently of sea water.All true freshwater crabs exhibit direct development and lack the free-living larval forms(zoea and megalopa) typical of most other brachyurans.After a prolonged embryonic period(during which they pass through the typical brachyuran larval forms embryologically) the eggs of true freshwater crabs hatch to produce juvenile(hatchling) crabs.We provide here the first report and description of the continuous record of embryonic development from egg-laying up to hatching in the Chinese true freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott,1967(Potamoidea,Potamidae).Direct development(complete secondary embryonization) in S.yangtsekiense was observed to take 77 days and to include an additional embryonic phase(termed here the egg-juvenile-crab) that occurs in the embryo between the imprisoned megalopa and the newly-emerged juvenile(hatchling) crab.This is significant because the only other freshwater crab whose embryonic development has been studied in detail is Potamon fluviatilis(Potamidae) which takes 45-47 days and involves only nine embryonic stages.

Mechanical stretch induces mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and G_(2)/M accumulation in cardiac fibroblasts

Heart remodeling is associated with the loss of cardiomyocytes and increase of fibrous tissue owing to abnormal mechanical load in a number of heart disease conditions. In present study, a well-described in vitro sustained stretch model was employed to study mechanical stretch-induced responses in both neonatal cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiomyocytes, but not cardiac fibroblasts, underwent mitochondria-dependent apoptosis as evidenced by cytochrome c (cyto c) and Smac/DIABLO release from mitochondria into cytosol accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential (△ψ_m) reduction, indicative of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) opening. Cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of PTP, inhibited stretch-induced cyto c release, △ψ_m reduction and apoptosis, suggesting an important role of mitochondrial PTP in stretch-induced apoptosis. The stretch also resulted in increased expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, including Bax and Bad, in cardiomyocytes, but not in fibroblasts. Bax was accumulated in mitochondria following stretch. Cell permeable Bid-BH3 peptide could induce and facilitate stretch-induced apoptosis and △ψ_m reduction in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that Bcl-2 family proteins play an important role in coupling stretch signaling to mitochondrial death machinery, probably by targeting to PTP. Interestingly, the levels of p53 were increased at 12 h after stretch although we observed that Bax upregulation and apoptosis occurred as early as 1 h. Adenovirus delivered dominant negative p53 blocked Bax upregulation in cardiomyocytes but showed partial effect on preventing stretch-induced apoptosis, suggesting that p53 was only partially involved in mediating stretch-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we showed that p21 was upregulated and cyclin B1 was downregulated only in cardiac fibroblasts, which may be associated with G_2/M accumulation in response to mechanical stretch.

The Building of Evaluation System of Students＇ Research Training

In order to foster an innovative spirit and ability of high-quality talent, much student research training program in domestic universities will incorporate innovative talent training plan. However, the evaluation mechanism existing research training program is still not perfect for college students, this article has been carrying out a more in-depth discussion and proposes research training program evaluation system for university students.

Research on Present Situation and Countermeasure of Identity Recognition among Current College Students towards Socialist Core Value System

The value identity emphasizes the harmony and consistency between the different value concepts. In general, it includes three stages, namely cognition, internalization and externalization. By the investigation on the present situation of college students＇ socialist core value system identity, it can be found that, at present, there is a good development momentum of our country＇s higher vocational school students＇ thoughts in general. But it also exists some problems that can＇t be ignored. Therefore, the top priority should be focused on the students＇ physical and mental characteristics. We should reform the current education methods gradually, steadily enhance the college students＇ identity, emotion and behavior cognition of socialist core value system, and gradually strengthen the ideological construction of college students, so as to make them better serve the socialist modernization.

Changes of the Microtubule Arrays During Mitosis in Prothallus Cells of Dryopteris crassirhizoma

Microtubule arrays in prothalli large-vacuolated and meristematic dividing cells of the fern Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai were studied using Steedman's wax, indirect immunofluorescence labelling and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results showed that the use of high paraformaldehyde concentration (8%) allowed good fixation of prothallus cells, which are characterized by numerous (meristematic cells) and big (large-vacuolated cells) vacuoles. Results also plead for the efficiency of Steedman's wax embedding method in: (1) avoiding excessive use of enzyme for digesting cell wall in the process of the microtubule cytoskeleton labelling, (2) minimizing the autofluorescence effect in cells through utilization of alcohol in sample dehydration, and (3) permitting a clear visualization of microtubule patterns during the cell mitosis. Steedman's wax, coupled with immunofluorescence labelling and confocal laser scanning microscopy techniques, allows a good investigation of cell division process in plants by using simple multicellular organisms such as fern prothalli.