XE-5000血液分析仪体液模式检测脑脊液细胞分析

目的探讨XE-5000血细胞分析仪体液模式(仪器法)在脑脊液细胞检测中的临床应用价值。方法分别应用仪器法和手工法对165例脑脊液标本进行白细胞(WBC)计数、分类及红细胞(RBC)计数的检测,并比较两种方法结果的差异;建立并验证仪器法脑脊液细胞检测的复检规则;分析仪器法对特殊病例的检测结果。结果当WBC>10×106/L时,仪器法WBC计数、分类检测结果与手工法之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);当RBC>0.5×109/L时,仪器法的RBC计数测定结果与手工法之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);制定出了合理、切实可行的仪器法复检规则。结论通过制定合理的复检规则,XE-5000血细胞分析仪体液模式可有效满足临床对脑脊液细胞自动化检测的需要。

Sysmex—XN1000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式检测脑脊液性能验证

目的：评价Sysmex—XN1000全自动血细胞分析仪（以下简称XN1000）体液模式检测脑脊液细胞数的性能指标。方法：应用XN1000分析仪，体液模式下检测脑脊液白细胞（WBC）和红细胞（RBC）的本底计数、精密度、线性范围、携带污染率、准确度等性能指标，并与手工计数结果进行比对。结果：XN1000分析仪体液模式检测WBC和RBC本底计数结果均为0，WBC和RBC携带污染分别为0．004％和0%；不同水平的WBC精密度CV分别为14．0％、6．8％、4．3％；不同水平的RBC精密度CV分别19．2％、9．1％、3．8％；WBC和RBC的检测结果与稀释倍数呈良好的线性关系（r〉0．99），线性范围分别为（1．01-10．6）×10^9／L和（39-360）×10^9／L；XN1000分析仪WBC和RBC测定结果与手工计数法有良好的相关性（r〉0．90），各项指标的验证结果均符合厂商的技术指标要求。结论：XN1000全自动血细胞分析仪检测体液标本性能良好，适用于日常临床脑脊液标本的检测。

Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪体液模式胸腹水检测的性能评价

目的:对Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪体液模式检测胸腹水的性能进行验证及评估,以确保其更好地应用于临床。方法:参照国际血液学标准委员会(International Council for Standardization in Hematology,ICSH)相关指南的要求,对Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪体液模式检测红细胞总数(RBC-BF)、有核细胞总数(TC-BF)的本底计数、携带污染率、精密度及线性范围等性能进行验证;再将RBC-BF、TC-BF、多个核细胞分类计数(PMN%)、单个核细胞分类计数(MN%)、中性粒细胞计数(N%)、淋巴细胞计数(L%)、单核细胞计数(M%)和嗜酸性粒细胞计数(E%)的检测结果与显微镜镜检法计数分类结果比较,验证其准确度。结果:RBC-BF和TC-BF的本底计数均为0.00。RBC-BF和TC-BF检测携带污染率分别为0.00%和0.07%,批内精密度变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)分别为0.96%~17.89%和2.19%~10.33%,批间精密度CV分别为3.34%~4.73%和8.33%~10.75%,线性范围分别为(0~5)×1012/L和(0~20)×109/L。Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪检测RBC-BF、TC-BF、PMN%、MN%、N%、L%、M%、E%结果与镜检法结果相关性高,其Spearman秩相关系数(rs)分别为0.977、0.995、0.863、0.929、0.926、0.949、0.965、0.816,P均<0.05,相关关系有统计学意义。Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪检测结果与镜检法结果的Bland-Altman偏倚分析显示,RBC-BF的偏倚程度小于TC-BF,偏倚分别为4.6%、5.6%;MN%的一致性好于PMN%,偏倚分别为-2.0%、4.2%;其余参数中,L%的一致性最好(偏倚为-0.5%),N%、M%、E%的偏倚(分别为4.4%、-5.9%、-1.6%)也均小于生产厂商的正确度要求。结论:Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪体液模式性能评估合格,可用于临床胸腹水标本的常规检测。

BC-6000PLUS血液分析仪体液模式检出限分析

脑脊液、浆膜腔积液、关节腔积液等是临床较常见的体液标本,这些标本的常规检测,尤其是白细胞计数和红细胞计数,有非常重要的临床价值。目前,很多全自动血液分析仪已实现搭载体液标本的细胞计数和分类检测模式,不但提高了检测速度和准确度、精密度,而且易于标准化,临床应用越来越广泛。深圳迈瑞公司BC-6000PLUS全自动血液分析仪(简称BC-6000PLUS)带有体液检测模式,但厂商未提供体液细胞计数的检测下限,无法确保低值体液标本(尤其是脑脊液)检测结果的稳定性与准确性。

SysmexXN-9000全自动血液体液分析仪在体液检测模式下计数脑脊液和胸腹水有核细胞和红细胞的性能评价

目的评价Sysmex XN-9000全自动血液体液分析仪（以下简称＂XN-9000＂）在体液检测模式下计数脑脊液和胸腹水有核细胞和红细胞的性能。方法用XN-9000在体液检测模式下分别检测脑脊液和胸腹水中的红细胞和有核细胞,评价精密度、携带污染率及线性范围;用XN-9000和显微镜分别计数脑脊液和胸腹水标本的红细胞及有核细胞,对结果进行比对。结果XN-9000检测体液中高、中和低值有核细胞和红细胞的变异系数（CV）均低于仪器设定标准,重复性好;脑脊液有核细胞和红细胞计数的携带污染率为1.2%和0.1%,胸腹水为0.24%和1.24%,均小于XN-9000的设定范围（3%）;线性范围分别为（0.1～100）×10^3/L和（1～8 000）×10^3/L,能满足临床的需求;选取43例脑脊液标本和42例胸腹水标本,XN-9000体液检测模式下与显微镜人工检测模式下分别计数红细胞和有核细胞,计数结果差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。结论 XN-9000体液检测模式精密度高,携带污染率低,线性范围宽,与手工显微镜计数有较好的符合性,可应用于临床诊断。

肾脏疾病患者体液氨基酸模式

使用 DNS— cl( Dimethylamino-naphthylane-5-sulfony chloride)荧光试剂 ,标记氨基酸成 DNS— AAs( DNS_ Amino Acids) ,然后采用聚酰胺薄膜层析 ,制成具有 2 0余种 DNS— AAs的荧光薄膜层析图谱 ,选择其中所需要检测的氨基酸 ,分别经洗脱后在日本岛津 RF— 51 0荧光分光光度计上 ,进行定量检测 ,分析了 3 6例慢性肾炎患者 ,1 8例尿毒症患者血浆中 1 2种游离氨基酸和 3 5例慢性肾炎患者尿液中 1 3种游离氨基酸 ,分别与 2 9例正常人血浆和3 0例正常人尿液中游离氨基酸进行了比较 ,以此探讨肾脏疾病体液氨基酸模式的同时提供氨基酸治疗肾脏疾病的科学依据。

迈瑞BC-6900全自动血液分析仪在体液细胞计数中的应用

目的探讨迈瑞BC-6900全自动血液分析仪(简称BC-6900)在体液细胞计数中的应用。方法随机选取住院患者体液标本200份,分别采用BC-6900和手工法进行计数、分类。手工法采用标准改良牛鲍氏计数板在光学显微镜下进行检测,比较2种方法的检测结果。结果当有核细胞计数>100×10~6/L时,BC-6900有核细胞、红细胞(RBC)计数及分类计数结果与手工法差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且相关性较好(有核细胞计数、RBC计数及分类计数的r值分别为0.978、0.983、0.946)。当有核细胞计数≤100×10~6/L时,BC-6900有核细胞计数结果与手工法比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),应进行手工法计数。BC-6900对非血性标本的检测能力较差,应结合手工法进行检测。当BC-6900出现高荧光图形时应进行手工法计数并作细胞染色。结论当有核细胞计数>100×10~6/L时,BC-6900检测体液有核细胞的重复性及准确性均较好,可以替代大部分手工法检测,提高检测效率;但不适用于有核细胞数较少的体液标本。

Beckman-CoulterLH750在体液常规中的应用评估

目的评价Beckman-Coulter LH750在体液常规计数中的应用。方法用LH750的体液模式测定脑脊液和胸腹水中的有核细胞和红细胞,通过批内精密度、携带污染率、线性等指标进行评价,从随机选择的130例标本中选择符合要求的标本对有核细胞和红细胞进行仪器和显微镜手工法计数比对。结果 LH750在检测脑脊液和胸腹水中的有何细胞核红细胞具有良好的重复性和线性,携带污染率低,与手工法计数结果比对相关性良好。结论 Beckman-Coulter LH750体液模式对于体液常规细胞计数,特别是细胞数量较多时,与显微镜计数有较好的符合性,精密度高,携带污染率低,使用方便快速,在体液细胞计数中确实存在一定的优越性。

改良Neubauer计数板在胸腹水细胞计数中的应用效果研究

目的对比全自动血球仪体液模式和改良Neubauer计数板在胸腹水细胞计数中的应用效果。方法选取2020年5月—2021年11月汕头市澄海区人民医院60份胸腹水标本,按照随机数字原则分为手工组和仪器组,分别进行手工和仪器计数,手工组采用改良Neubauer计数板进行胸腹水细胞计数细胞计数,仪器组采用希森美康XN-10(B3)全自动血球仪体液模式进行胸腹水细胞计数。比较两组胸腹水细胞计数;细胞计数批内精密度;观察仪器组仪器的携带污染率。结果与手工组比较,仪器组红细胞、白细胞、多个核细胞显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组细胞总数、单个核细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组批内精密度均在允许范围内,相较于手工组,仪器组精密度更优,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);除多个核细胞外,仪器组仪器的携带污染率均较低。结论相较于改良Neubauer计数板,希森美康XN血球仪体液模式在胸腹水细胞计数中的应用效果更优,更利于对红细胞的检测,批内精密度较高,同时除多个核细胞外,仪器的携带污染率小,操作简便,具有一定的临床参考价值。

SYSMEX XN-1000血球仪在脑脊液和胸腹水白细胞计数中的可行性探讨

目的探讨SYSMEX XN-1000血液分析仪(简称SYSMEX XN-1000)的体液模式在脑脊液和胸腹水白细胞计数中应用的可行性。方法分别采用手工显微镜镜检法和SYSMEX XN-1000对183例脑脊液和胸腹水标本进行白细胞计数,将所测结果按A:(0~1 000)×106/L,B:(1 001~5 000)×106/L,C:>5 000×106/L分为三组,分别进行统计学分析。结果与手工显微镜镜检法相比,SYSMEX XN-1000所测结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A、B、C三组的相关系数分别为0.993、0.984、0.996,A组回归方程为y=1.007x-1.072,B组回归方程为y=1.003x+19.776,C组回归方程为y=1.241x-1419.365。结论 SYSMEX XN-1000血液分析仪可用于临床脑脊液和胸腹水中白细胞计数,其操作简单易行,结果稳定可靠,但如果仪器进行样品检测时报警,应当手工镜检复核,以提高结果的准确性和可靠性。

Sysmex XN-10(B1)血细胞分析仪在脑脊液白细胞检测中的应用研究

目的探讨Sysmex XN-10（B1）血细胞分析仪在脑脊液（CSF）白细胞计数及分类应用中的临床应用价值。方法用Sysmex XN-10（B1）血细胞分析仪（下称仪器法）体液分析模式对355例脑脊液标本进行白细胞计数、分类分析,并与人工显微镜计数法（下称手工法）进行结果比对。白细胞分类手工法采用瑞氏染色,仪器法采用荧光染色和流式细胞术原理进行分类。结果两种检测脑脊液白细胞计数（以手工法为金标准）的方法中,白细胞计数〈200×10~6/L,仪器法脑脊液白细胞计数与手工法之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;而白细胞计数〉200×10~6/L的样本,两种方法白细胞计数差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。脑脊液白细胞分类计数,仪器法与手工法差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论脑脊液白细胞计数〉200×10~6/L,用Sysmex XN-10（B1）血细胞分析仪对脑脊液白细胞计数、分类,方法简便、重现性好、结果准确,可有效地用于测定白细胞计数,是较好的检测方法,但对于白细胞计数〈200×106/L的样本,应手工法复核检测标本。

全自动血球仪在小儿脑脊液细胞计数中的应用

目的评价Sysmex XN-1000全自动血细胞分析仪(简称XN1000)检测小儿脑脊液白细胞计数和分类的应用。方法随机收集2019年3月—6月我院住院患儿的132例脑脊液样本,同时应用Sysmex XN-1000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式(仪器法)和改良牛鲍氏计数板显微镜下(手工法)对每份样本中的白细胞进行计数和分类计数,并对两种方法进行比较和评价。结果在低值组、中值组和高值组三组中仪器法和手工法计数脑脊液白细胞总数及分类计数结果的差异均不具有统计学意义(P> 0.05),并且仪器法对三组样本中白细胞总数及分类的检测结果与手工法显著相关。结论 XN-1000全自动血细胞分析仪体液模式计数有核细胞在儿科临床脑脊液常规检测中具有较好的应用价值。

不同品牌血细胞分析仪间脑脊液检测结果比对

目的探讨2种品牌血细胞分析仪体液模式对脑脊液标本细胞计数与分类检测结果的重复性与可比性。方法收集新鲜脑脊液标本40例,参照CLSI EP9-A3文件,分别用迈瑞BC-6000Plus和Sysmex XN-10002个品牌血细胞分析仪体液模式检测,将体液总有核细胞计数(TC-BF)、体液白细胞计数(WBC-BF)、体液红细胞计数(RBC-BF)、单个核细胞计数(MN)及多个核细胞计数(PMN)结果进行批内不精密度分析,通过ESD法进行离群值检验,根据偏差图的差值变化特征选用最佳回归模型拟合回归方程,计算各参数的95%置信区间(CI)和医学决定水平处的偏移,以科室设定的质量目标为可接受标准。结果BC-6000Plus与XN-1000的体液模式结果重复性较好,符合科室质量目标范围要求;组内相关系数分析结果表明两仪器的检测结果一致性较好,TC-BF、WBC-BF、RBC-BF、MN、PMN的组内相关系数(ICC)值分别为0.998、0.998、0.999、0.995、0.995(P均<0.001);通过ESD法确认离群值,排除离群值并补充相近浓度标本后未发现离群值点。偏差图显示TC-BF与WBC-BF差值具有恒定变异系数(CV)变化,采用加权最小二乘法(WLS)回归分析;RBC-BF、MN与PMN差值为混合变化,采用Passing-Bablok回归分析;将高、低水平浓度值代入回归方程,其偏移均小于可接受标准。结论迈瑞BC-6000Plus与Sysmex XN-1000的体液模式结果具有较好重复性,系统间结果具有可比性、一致性,能为临床提供可靠、准确的检验数据。

Local Flow Regime Transition Criteria of Gas-Liquid Two-phase Flow in Vertical Upward Tube with a Horizontal Rod

The upward multiphase cross flow and heat transfer in the vertical tube may occur in oil production and chemical facilities. In this study, the local flow patterns of an upward gas-water two phase cross flow in a vertical tube with a horizontal rod have been investigated with an optical probe and the digital high speed video system. The local flow patterns are defined as the bubble, slug, churn and annular flow patterns. Optical probe signals are ana- lyzed in terms of probability density function, and it is proved that the local flow patterns can be recognized by this method. The transition mechanisms between the different flow patterns have been analyzed and the corresponding transitional models are proposed. Finally, local flow pattern maps of the upward gas-water two-phase flow in the vertical tube with a horizontal rod are constructed.

A Mass Transfer Model Based on Individual Bubbles and an Unsteady State Film Mechanism

A gas-liquid mass transfer model based on an unsteady state film mechanism applied to a single bubble is presented. The mathematical model was solved using Laplace transform to obtain an analytical solution of concentration profile in terms of the radial position r and time t. The dynamic mass transfer flux was deduced and the influence of the bubble size was also determined. A mathematical method for deducing the average mass transfer flux directly from the Laplace transformed concentration is presented. Its accuracy is verified by comparing the numerical results with those from the indirect method. The influences of the model parameters, namely, the bubble size R, liquid film thickness δ, and the surface renewal constant s on the average mass transfer flux were investigated. The proposed model is useful for a better understanding of the mass transfer mechanism and an optimum design of gas-liquid contact equipment.

An Axial Dispersion Model for Evaporating Bubble Column Reactor

Evaporating bubble column reactor (EBCR) is a kind of aerated reactor in which the reaction heat is removed by the evaporation of volatile reaction mixture. In this paper, a mathematical model that accounts for the gas-liquid exothermic reaction and axial dispersions of both gas and liquid phase is employed to study the performance of EBCR for the process of p-xylene(PX) oxidation. The computational results show that there are remarkable concentration and temperature gradients in EBCR for high ratio of height to diameter (H/DT). The temperature is lower at the bottom of column and higher at the top, due to rapid evaporation induced by the feed gas near the bottom. The concentration profiles in the gas phase are more nonuniform than those (except PX) in the liquid phase, which causes more solvent burning consumption at high H/DT ratio. For p-xylene oxidation, theo ptimal H/DT is around 5.

Liquid Flow Characteristics inside Impeller Rotational Region of an Unbaffled Vessel Agitated with an Unsteadily Angularly Oscillating Impeller

Characteristics of the liquid flow were studied in the impeller region for an unbaffied vessel agitated with an angularly oscillating impeller whose rotation proceeds while periodically reversing its direction at the set angle, namely, rotating unsteadily with sinusoidal variation of the set amplitude. Measurement of the velocity of the liquid flow was performed, abreast of that of the torque of the shaft attached with the impeller. A disk turbine impeller with six flat blades was used in angular oscillation mode at the different amplitudes. The power characteristics were analyzed with the power number during one cycle of the angular oscillation consisting of a process for the impeller to stop and to reverse and that to rotate with a certain acceleration-deceleration in a uniform orientation. The power number in the process for the impeller to rotate exhibited slightly lower values compared with that of the identical design of impeller used in unidirectional rotation mode in a fully baffled vessel, being higher values in its process to stop and to reverse. Under such an operating condition in the amplitude, a time series of images was analyzed by particle tracking velocimetry （PTV） to characterize the fluctuation components of the velocities of the circumferential and radial flows inside the impeller rotational region. The impeller in its rotation process produced flows having a relatively large turbulence, independent of the amplitude condition. For the radial flow relating to the discharge flow, which contributes to transport of the turbulence throughout the vessel, operation at higher amplitude was clarified to be successful.

EVOLUTION OF LIQUID WATER CONTENT IN A SEA FOG CONTROLLED BY A HIGH-PRESSURE PATTERN

On March 16–17, 2008, a sea fog occurred in Dianbai in the west of Guangdong Province and was accompanied by a high-pressure synoptic system. Using comprehensive observation datasets, this study analyzes the evolution of liquid water content during this sea fog and investigates the relationships between liquid water content and the average diameters and count densities of fog droplets, air temperature, wind speed and turbulence exchanges. The main results are presented as follows. (1) The sea fog showed a quasi-periodic oscillation characteristic, i.e., it developed, disappeared and then developed again. (2) During the sea fog, the number of fog droplets changed significantly while the changes in average diameter of the fog droplets were relatively small. The development and disappearance of the sea fog correlated significantly with the fog droplet numbers. (3) The air-cooling mechanism played a significant role in sea fog formation and development. However, the influences of this mechanism were not evident during fog persistence. (4) During sea fog formation, weak turbulence exchanges were helpful for fog formation. During sea fog development and persistence, liquid water content increased when turbulence exchanges weakened, and vice versa. The changes in turbulence exchanges were closely related to the quasi-periodic oscillations observed in sea fog presence.

New method for plugging channeling in oil field by nitrogen foam

In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model which simulated the real conditions of oil wells existing channeling.Above all,the influence factors including reservoir pressure,permeability,oil saturation and gas-to-liquid ratio were studied through dynamic experiment.Then,in light of the technology characteristics of foam injection in oil field,the comparison between gas-liquid and liquid-gas injection modes was studied.The result shows that the gas-liquid injection mode can ensure the foam injectivity and plugging performance.The plugging validity of nitrogen foam injected into the formation water layer was evaluated in different plugging pressure gradients by the dynamic method which is more reasonable than the static evaluation method in laboratory.The research demonstrates that the plugging validity period of foam decreases with plugging pressure gradient increasing.If the plugging pressure gradient is 0.15 MPa/m,the validity period is 160 h.Finally,a empirical equation and a plate about the plugging validity and the plugging pressure gradient were obtained for forecasting the validity period of foam.

Preliminary investigation of tumor angiogenesis and blood flow pattern in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation

Objective: To investigate the correlations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-positive tumor angiogenesis and the quantifiable parameters of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Methods: 30 patients with VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinomas (diameter ≤ 4 cm) underwent multi-location dynamic contrast material-enhanced (nonionic contrast material was administrated via the antecubital vein at a rate of 4 mL/sec by using an autoinjector) serial CT. The quantifiable parameters (Perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and mean transit time) of blood flow pattern derived with dynamic CT in solitary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma were compared with microvessel densities (MVDs) and VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Peak height of VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma was 36.06 HU ± 13.57 HU, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma-to-aorta ratio 14.25% ± 4.92, and perfusion value 29.66 ± 5.60 mL/min/100 g , mean transit time 14.86 s ± 5.84 s, and MVD 70.15 ± 20.03. Each of peak height, ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta and perfusion correlated positively with MVD (r = 0.781, P < 0.0001; r = 0.688, P < 0.0001; r = 0.716, P < 0.0001; respectively). No significant correlation was found between mean transit time and MVD (r = 0.260, P = 0.200 > 0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta reflect MVD in VEGF-positive bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion, peak height and ratio of peak height of the bronchogenic adenocarcinoma to that of the aorta derived with dynamic CT might be index for VEGF-related tumor angiogenesis in bronchogenic adenocarcinoma.