Based on monthly mean surface air temperature （SAT） from 71 stations in northern China and NCEP/ NCAR and NOAA-CIRES （Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences） twentieth century reanalysis data...Based on monthly mean surface air temperature （SAT） from 71 stations in northern China and NCEP/ NCAR and NOAA-CIRES （Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences） twentieth century reanalysis data, the dominant modes of winter SAT over northem China were explored. The results showed that there are two modes that account for a majority of the total variance over northern China. The first mode is unanimously colder （warmer） over the whole of northern China. The second mode is characterized by a dipole structure that is colder （warmer） over Northwest China （NWC） and warmer （colder） over Northeast China （NEC）, accounting for a fairly large proportion of the total variance. The two components constituting the second mode, the individual variations of winter SAT over NWC and NEC and their respective preceding factors, were further investigated. It was found that the autumn SAT anomalies are closely linked to persistent snow cover anomalies over Eurasia, showing the delayed effects on winter climate over northern China. Specifically, the previous autumn SAT anomalies over the Lake Baikal （LB; 50-60°N, 85-120°E） and Mongolian Plateau （MP; 42-52°N, 80-120°E） regions play an important role in adjusting the variations of winter SAT over NWC and NEC, respectively. The previous autumn SAT anomaly over the MP region may exert an influence on the winter SAT over NEC through modulating the strength and location of the East Asian major trough. The previous autumn SAT over the LB region may modulate winter westerlies at the middle and high latitudes of Asia and accordingly affects the invasion of cold air and associated winter SAT over NWC.展开更多
Climate change is the main problem of mankind, especially because of it＇s increasing speed and by specialists＇ forecast the situation will become worse. Climatic changes are correlated with the degradation of biosph...Climate change is the main problem of mankind, especially because of it＇s increasing speed and by specialists＇ forecast the situation will become worse. Climatic changes are correlated with the degradation of biosphere. It is a question of saving life on authors planet. The authors should begin taking strong measures, else Earth has a chance to repeat the destiny of Mars and Venus, as some scientists are afraid of. So reasoning like ＂When will it be and will it be at all＂ is for lazy, careless and selfish people. Now, because of the industrial emission of greenhouse gases, the temperature of the atmosphere is growing, the climate is changing： sudden temperature differences, snowfalls where it used to be impossible, thickness of arctic ice decrease is about 40% （a great ice-hole has been found on the north pole）, repetition of droughts has increased in 8 times, power of hurricanes-2 times, increased power of floods. This is the result of lack of foresight, over-materialism and greediness, unwillingness to see the consequences because of the momentary advantages. How it is possible to trap CO2, SO2 and other gases？ Commercially gas purification at thermoelectric power stations, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy plants, cement and chemical plants is being made with filters and cyclones that trap solid parts, and using different absorptive and adsorptive methods. Unfortunately at present there is no effective method of COE trapping.展开更多
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41375090 and 41375089)the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (Grant No. 2013Z002)
文摘Based on monthly mean surface air temperature （SAT） from 71 stations in northern China and NCEP/ NCAR and NOAA-CIRES （Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences） twentieth century reanalysis data, the dominant modes of winter SAT over northem China were explored. The results showed that there are two modes that account for a majority of the total variance over northern China. The first mode is unanimously colder （warmer） over the whole of northern China. The second mode is characterized by a dipole structure that is colder （warmer） over Northwest China （NWC） and warmer （colder） over Northeast China （NEC）, accounting for a fairly large proportion of the total variance. The two components constituting the second mode, the individual variations of winter SAT over NWC and NEC and their respective preceding factors, were further investigated. It was found that the autumn SAT anomalies are closely linked to persistent snow cover anomalies over Eurasia, showing the delayed effects on winter climate over northern China. Specifically, the previous autumn SAT anomalies over the Lake Baikal （LB; 50-60°N, 85-120°E） and Mongolian Plateau （MP; 42-52°N, 80-120°E） regions play an important role in adjusting the variations of winter SAT over NWC and NEC, respectively. The previous autumn SAT anomaly over the MP region may exert an influence on the winter SAT over NEC through modulating the strength and location of the East Asian major trough. The previous autumn SAT over the LB region may modulate winter westerlies at the middle and high latitudes of Asia and accordingly affects the invasion of cold air and associated winter SAT over NWC.
文摘Climate change is the main problem of mankind, especially because of it＇s increasing speed and by specialists＇ forecast the situation will become worse. Climatic changes are correlated with the degradation of biosphere. It is a question of saving life on authors planet. The authors should begin taking strong measures, else Earth has a chance to repeat the destiny of Mars and Venus, as some scientists are afraid of. So reasoning like ＂When will it be and will it be at all＂ is for lazy, careless and selfish people. Now, because of the industrial emission of greenhouse gases, the temperature of the atmosphere is growing, the climate is changing： sudden temperature differences, snowfalls where it used to be impossible, thickness of arctic ice decrease is about 40% （a great ice-hole has been found on the north pole）, repetition of droughts has increased in 8 times, power of hurricanes-2 times, increased power of floods. This is the result of lack of foresight, over-materialism and greediness, unwillingness to see the consequences because of the momentary advantages. How it is possible to trap CO2, SO2 and other gases？ Commercially gas purification at thermoelectric power stations, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy plants, cement and chemical plants is being made with filters and cyclones that trap solid parts, and using different absorptive and adsorptive methods. Unfortunately at present there is no effective method of COE trapping.
