以下临床实践推荐基于推荐、评估、发展和评价等级(grades of recommendation,assessment,development,and evaluation,GRADE)对证据进行的系统回顾和评估。表1总结了推荐强度对指南使用者的意义。本文提供注解以指导临床医师实施这些...以下临床实践推荐基于推荐、评估、发展和评价等级(grades of recommendation,assessment,development,and evaluation,GRADE)对证据进行的系统回顾和评估。表1总结了推荐强度对指南使用者的意义。本文提供注解以指导临床医师实施这些推荐。展开更多
This paper proposes a low-power MOS current mode logic （MCML） circuit with sleep-transistor to reduce the leakage current. The sleep-transistor is used to high-threshold voltage transistor to minimize the leakage cu...This paper proposes a low-power MOS current mode logic （MCML） circuit with sleep-transistor to reduce the leakage current. The sleep-transistor is used to high-threshold voltage transistor to minimize the leakage current. The 16× 16 bit parallel multiplier is designed with the proposed technology. Comparing with the previous MCML circuit, the circuit achieves the reduction of the power consumption in sleep mode by 1/258. This circuit is designed with Samsung 0.35 um complementary metal oxide semiconductor （CMOS） process. The validity and effectiveness are verified through the HSPICE simulation.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and adrenocortical hormone (dexamethasone) on the hemolysis of red cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in vitro. METH...OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and adrenocortical hormone (dexamethasone) on the hemolysis of red cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in vitro. METHODS: Using Ham's test and micro-complement lysis sensitive test (mCLST), the changes in hemolysis of red cells from 6 typical PNH cases were examined after adding LMWH and dexamethasone in different concentrations into the test solution in vitro. The effects of LMWH and dexamethasone on the coagulation of the tested blood samples were also studied using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test. RESULTS: Both LMWH and dexamethasone inhibited the hemolysis of PNH red cells, and they also showed a synergistic effect. The inhibiting effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. Dexamethasone showed two possible mechanisms in the inhibition of PNH red cells hemolysis through Ham's test and mCLST, respectively: (1) inhibiting both antibodies binding to red cells and (2) the initiation of the activation of complement 3 (C3). LMWH could inhibit hemolysis as determined by both Ham's test and mCLST, which indicated that LMWH could block the activation of complement cascade. CONCLUSIONS: Both LMWH and dexamethasone could inhibit hemolysis in PNH, and they showed a synergistic effect. Their mechanisms of inhibiting hemolysis differed from each other. Furthermore, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. LMWH might be useful for controlling acute hemolysis in patients with PNH and reducing the dose of adrenocortical hormone.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a low-power MOS current mode logic （MCML） circuit with sleep-transistor to reduce the leakage current. The sleep-transistor is used to high-threshold voltage transistor to minimize the leakage current. The 16× 16 bit parallel multiplier is designed with the proposed technology. Comparing with the previous MCML circuit, the circuit achieves the reduction of the power consumption in sleep mode by 1/258. This circuit is designed with Samsung 0.35 um complementary metal oxide semiconductor （CMOS） process. The validity and effectiveness are verified through the HSPICE simulation.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and adrenocortical hormone (dexamethasone) on the hemolysis of red cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in vitro. METHODS: Using Ham's test and micro-complement lysis sensitive test (mCLST), the changes in hemolysis of red cells from 6 typical PNH cases were examined after adding LMWH and dexamethasone in different concentrations into the test solution in vitro. The effects of LMWH and dexamethasone on the coagulation of the tested blood samples were also studied using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test. RESULTS: Both LMWH and dexamethasone inhibited the hemolysis of PNH red cells, and they also showed a synergistic effect. The inhibiting effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. Dexamethasone showed two possible mechanisms in the inhibition of PNH red cells hemolysis through Ham's test and mCLST, respectively: (1) inhibiting both antibodies binding to red cells and (2) the initiation of the activation of complement 3 (C3). LMWH could inhibit hemolysis as determined by both Ham's test and mCLST, which indicated that LMWH could block the activation of complement cascade. CONCLUSIONS: Both LMWH and dexamethasone could inhibit hemolysis in PNH, and they showed a synergistic effect. Their mechanisms of inhibiting hemolysis differed from each other. Furthermore, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. LMWH might be useful for controlling acute hemolysis in patients with PNH and reducing the dose of adrenocortical hormone.
