片丁纳西语体的类型特征分析

纳西语中有一套丰富的体标记,反映动作事件的发生、发展过程。纳西语动词的体标记有前置和后置两种类型,其中前置型体标记主要有反复体le 33和持续体t he 11,与动词的粘附性较低,之间可以插入副词等成分。一些后置型体标记主要由趋向动词语法化而来,还有一些体意义可以通过某种结构来表示。对纳西语动词体类型特征的研究,为纳西语的语法系统和藏缅语语族语言体范畴的研究提供类型学参项。

流体包裹体在涠西南凹陷②号断裂带油气成藏中的应用

应用储集层岩石烃类流体包裹体研究方法,涠西南凹陷W12-1涠洲组油藏和W11-1N、W11-4N流一段油藏进行了重建成藏流体历史的尝试,结合构造的发育史、沉积埋藏史、热史和生烃史等,探讨W12-1涠洲组油藏、W11-1N流一段油藏和W11-4N涠洲组与一段油藏形成过程中油气的运移相态、运移路径、油气来源以及成藏时间。研究结果表明,W12-1涠洲组油藏主要发生三次的油气运移充注,其中中块的油气充注最多,北块次之,南块最少。W11-1N流一段油藏主要有二期的油气充注,早期充注的是比较低熟的油,晚期充注的流体包含大量的气体和少量油。W11-4N油藏共有三期的油气充注,前二期主要充注来自同一源岩的未熟～低成熟的油,第三期的包裹体均一温度比前两期高一个台阶,主要为油气包裹体,经分析研究认为:它应来自不同源岩的高成熟油和少量气体,其运移路径与前二期相同。

Soil Aggregates and Fractal Features under Different Land Use Types in a Frequent Debris Flow Area

The stability of soil aggregates and the fractal characteristics of four typical land use types(farmland,grassland,woodland,and bare land) in the Jiangjiagou Ravine(Yunnan,China),a frequent debris flow occurring area,were studied according to the normal mean mass diameter and fractal theory.The present research showed that the stability of the soil aggregates was different for the different land use types.When the soil depth was 0-30 cm,farmland soil formed more aggregates with diameters greater than 0.25 mm,i.e.,the farmland soil was more stable than that of the other three land uses.When the soil depth was 30-45 cm,the order of stability of the soil aggregates was woodland > grassland > farmland > bare land.The fractal dimensions had a significant linear positive correlation with the amount of soil particles with diameters of <0.25 mm,and a significant negative linear correlation with the amount of soil particles with diameters of 0.25-0.5 mm,0.5-1 mm and 1-2 mm.Smaller fractal dimensions of the soil particles correlated with more stable soil aggregates.The fractal dimensions had a positive linear correlation with the soil bulk density and a negative correlation with the concentration of organic matter.These results showed that soil aggregates can be used as a parameter for characterizing the soil structures and properties.According to these results,the soil particle fractal dimensions could not only objectively characterize the stability of the soil structure but also could be used to indicate soil structure and properties.In addition,these results have great significance for the discussion of the comprehensive evaluation of soil.

Engineering geological classification of the structural planes for hydroelectric projects in Emeishan Basalts

The scale and characteristics of rock mass are important indexes of the rock mass structural plane classification. This paper firstly analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics, the structural plane types （original structural plane, tectonic structural plane and hypergenic structural plane） and the associated features of the Emeishan basalts and then studies the classification schemes of the built hydropower structure planes of different rock areas （the east district, the central district and the west district） in the Emeishan basalt distribution area, Southwest China. Based on the analysis and comparison of the scale and the engineering geological characteristics of the typical structure planes in the basalt hydroelectric Stations, the types of structural planes are used in the first order classification. The secondary order classification is made by considering the impact factors of rock mass quality, e.g., the state of the structural planes, infilling, joint opening, extending length, the grade of weathering and strength. The engineering geological classification for Emeishan basalt is proposed. Because there are no evidences of a large structure presenting in study area, the first-order （Ⅰ） controlling structural planes do not appear in the classification, there only appear Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ grade structural planes influencing the rock-mass quality. According to the different rock-block types in bedding fault zone, the second-grade （Ⅱ） structural planes consisted of bedding fault zone is further classified into Ⅱ1, Ⅱ2 and Ⅱ3. The third-grade （Ⅲ） structural planes constructed by intraformational faulted zones are not subdivided. According to the different characteristics of intrusion, alteration and weathering unloading structural planes, the Ⅳ grade structure plane is divided into Ⅳ1, Ⅳ2 and Ⅳ3. According to the development characteristics of joints and fractures, the V grade structure plane is divided into fracture Ⅴ1 and columnar joint Ⅴ2. In all, the structural planes are classified into four groups with nine subsets. The research proposes the engineering geological classification of the structural plane for the hydropower project in the Emishan basalts, and the result of the study has a potential application in similar regions.

Belgian Emrepreneurs＇ Motivations： Proposition of a Typology

The aim of this paper is to perform a typology of Belgian entrepreneurs based on their motivations and to determine whether they are ＂motivated＂ or ＂forced＂ to create their firms. The authors used the methodology of the principal component analysis followed by an algorithm of classification to categorize groups of entrepreneurs. These groups were characterized by qualitative and quantitative variables. If the quantitative data were extracted from the firms＇ financial report and financial statements, the qualitative data were collected by means of a survey of Belgian entrepreneurs. The empirical study, made from a sample of 94 firms （representative of 10,728 firms）, confirms that the main motivations of Belgian entrepreneurs are positive （the need for autonomy, achievement, power, etc.） and are the same as in the literature. The study identifies five groups of entrepreneurs from the most highly-motivated one （46.81% of the entrepreneurs） to the ones （3.19%） who are forced into the entrepreneurship.