论工商业的人权义务与人权责任体系互构

企业的人权责任来源于自身具有的社会公权力,这是工商业与人权议题下企业承担人权责任的法理基础。工商业与人权三个支柱间,存在人权法理的三个互构体系。国家不履行保护人权的义务,则由“国家人权义务-责任体系”追究该国的国际责任。企业不尊重人权,则以“企业人权责任-义务体系”要求企业承担国内人权责任。补救受侵害的人权,则通过建构“国家企业共治-补救体系”得以实现。三个互构体系在逻辑上层层递进,在关系上正反互济,即国家是首位的、核心的义务主体,企业的人权责任必须通过国家间接施加;对侵害行为,则应经过国家和企业共治,确定二者承担的责任和义务以实现对侵害的救济。反过来则须以预防和补救为目的,迫使企业落实人权责任。若企业行为侵犯人权,且国家未能采取适当步骤防止、调查、惩治和补救侵犯行为,则国家可能违反人权保护义务。

社会互构的理路与东亚的共同繁荣

东亚通过独具特色的进程形成了与欧美现代化极为不同的发展模式。东亚特色的一个重要基点也许在于一些学者所 说的"文化东亚",即儒教文化影响所产生的文化内聚力和整合力。中、日、韩三国作为东亚地区的核心,在经济发展模式、政治 威权机制、文化传统和价值观以及社会生活方式等都有着某种共性。如果用"社会互构论"的眼界和理路,可以将中、日、韩三国 为核心的东亚视为"区域性互构共生体系"或称"东亚互构共生域"。这里的"互构"是从主体行动、权力、权益的自主性和平等性 来检视"东亚互构共生域"前景的。主体的差异性是"社会互构"的基本预设前提,因为差异才可以言互构,越是差异也就越要求 互补,通过求同存异的过程来求得互构共生的最佳值。东亚的兴起本身可以看作是对西方旧式现代性的一个有力挑战。中、日、 韩三国对地区可持续发展和生态环境等问题的共同关注,将重建社会与自然、个人与社会的关系,促进新型现代性的实践。通 过对三国的共性问题,如生态环境问题、经济与政治制度的创新能力、政党和政府精英的腐败、三国自由贸易的推进,以及经济、 政治、文化领域如何更广泛而深入的合作,将对东亚和亚太地区、对国际关系秩序以及全球化进程形成深远的影响。中、日、韩三 国应当尽可能地达到三赢互利。

边疆治理现代化与筑牢中华民族共同体意识的互构理路

边疆治理现代化依托于边疆各族人民凝聚的中华民族共同体意识。边疆各民族“嵌入式”的居住格局背景下,要实现社会经济的高质量跨越式发展,不仅需要中华民族共同体意识的感召,也需要实现边疆治理现代化。新时代边疆治理现代化进程中需要彰显和筑牢中华民族共同体意识,健全和完善“以人民为中心”的边疆治理体系,将中华民族共同体意识转化为社会效能、政治效能、经济效能助推边疆治理现代化。边疆治理现代化与筑牢中华民族共同体意识的体系互构和功能互通融合统一到推进边疆高质量跨越式发展和伟大复兴中国梦的进程之中。

中国自主知识体系建构的国际法学维度

国际法学是中国自主知识体系建构的重要领域和关键方面。其构建不仅有助于贡献民族复兴和强国建设的伟业,而且有助于彰显当代中国负责任大国的国际形象。国际法学自主知识体系包含具体知识、知识模块和知识结构三个层面。就当代中国的文化自信和学术发展而言,需要在学科体系的拓展提升、学术体系的深化补强、话语体系的规划设计三个方面相互构建、彼此推进,回应国家重大战略需求。通过知识的完善化、个性化、体系化和人才队伍的持续化、专业化,向世界展示法治大国文明大国的形象。为此,不仅需要提升国际法学自主知识体系的信心与自觉,而且要妥善把握自主知识个性与普遍知识共性之间的平衡,通过拓展国际法学知识体系的视野和培养高水平的涉外法治人才来确立巩固和不断完善国际法学领域的自主知识体系。

Smart Grids with Intelligent Periphery:An Architecture for the Energy Internet

A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric vehicles and local energy storage will be widely deployed. Internet technology will be utilized to transform the power grid into an energysharing inter-grid. To prepare for the future, a smart grid with intelligent periphery, or smart GRIP, is proposed. The building blocks of GRIP architecture are called clusters and include an energy-management system （EMS）-controlled transmission grid in the core and distribution grids, micro-grids, and smart buildings and homes on the periphery; all of which are hierarchically structured. The layered architecture of GRIP allows a seamless transition from the present to the future and plug-and-play interoperability. The basic functions of a cluster consist of （1） dispatch, （2） smoothing, and （3） mitigation. A risk-limiting dispatch methodology is presented; a new device, called the electric spring, is developed for smoothing out fluctuations in periphery clusters; and means to mitigate failures are discussed.

Information： From Philosophic to Physics Concepts for Informational Modeling of Consciousness

Information was a frequently used concept in many fields of investigation. However, this concept is still not really understood, when it is referred for instance to consciousness and its informational structure. In this paper it is followed the concept of information from philosophical to physics perspective, showing especially how this concept could be extended to matter in general and to the living in particular, as a result of the intimate interaction between matter and information, the human body appearing as a bipolar informed-matter structure. It is detailed on this way how this concept could be referred to consciousness, and an informational modeling of consciousness as an informational system of the human body is presented. Based on the anatomic architecture of the organism and on the inference of the specific information concepts, it is shown that the informational system of the human body could be described by seven informational subsystems, which are reflected in consciousness as corresponding cognitive centers. These results are able to explain the main properties of consciousness, both the cognitive and extra-cognitive properties of the mind, like that observed during the near-death experiences and other similar phenomena. Moreover, the results of such a modeling are compared with the existing empirical concepts and models on the energetic architecture of the organism, showing their relevance for the understanding of consciousness.

Theory and Implementation of Distributed Visual Simulation

The development process as well as the core theory of distributed interactive simulation and high level architecture are discussed, and combined with graphics features, a system of real time distributed visual simulation is established. Based on computer network, simulation platform is built by installing related software and modeling object, and the interactive functions are extended by programming. A set of solutions for building a distributed visual simulation system that include both hardware and software are put forward, and a practical instance is also provided. The whole building process can be summarized into two steps that are scheme consideration and system realization.

A multi-Agent system architecture for geographic information gathering

World Wide Web (WWW) is a vast repository of information, including a great deal of geographic information. But the location and retrieval of geographic information will require a significant amount of time and effort. In addition, different users usually have different views and interests in the same information. To resolve such problems, this paper first proposed a model of geographic information gathering based on multi-Agent (MA) architecture. Then based on this model, we construct a prototype system with GML (Geography Markup Language). This system consists of three tiers-Client, Web Server and Data Resource. Finally, we expatiate on the process of Web Server.

Intradiffusion, density and viscosity studies in binary liquid systems of acetylacetone + DMF/DMSO/benzene at 303.15 K and 333.15 K

Intradiffusion coefficients of acetylacetone(AcAc) and DMF/DMSO/benzene in binary systems over the entire concentration range at 303.15 K were determined by 1H diffusion-order spectroscopy(DOSY) nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) method based pulse field gradient(PFG).The densities and viscosities of the above three binary systems at 303.15 K were also studied and employed to calculate the excess molar volumes(V^E) and deviations in viscosity(△η).Besides,experiments were carried out at 333.15 K for the system of AcAc+DMF.The solvent and temperature effect upon the difference in D between enol and keto tautomers,the tautomeric equilibrium and excess properties(V^E and △η) were discussed as well.Isotherms of V^E as a function of mole fraction of AcAc(χ_1) show positive deviations in benzene but negative deviations in DMF and DMSO,whereas isotherms of △ηas a function of χ_1 record positive deviations in DMF but negative in benzene and DMSO.V^E values show more negative and △η values are less positive in the system of AcAc+DMF at 333.15 K compared to 303.15 K.The V^E and △η were fitted to a Redlich-Kister type equation and the measured results were interpreted concerning molecular interactions in the solutions.

Improving the efficiency of quantum hash function by dense coding of coin operators in discrete-time quantum walk

Li et al. first proposed a quantum hash function(QHF) in a quantum-walk architecture. In their scheme, two two-particle interactions, i.e., I interaction and π-phase interaction are introduced and the choice of I or π-phase interactions at each iteration depends on a message bit. In this paper, we propose an efficient QHF by dense coding of coin operators in discrete-time quantum walk. Compared with existing QHFs, our protocol has the following advantages: the efficiency of the QHF can be doubled and even more; only one particle is enough and two-particle interactions are unnecessary so that quantum resources are saved. It is a clue to apply the dense coding technique to quantum cryptographic protocols, especially to the applications with restricted quantum resources.

A Study on Web Services Management Architecture of Digital Forestry Platform

This paper discussed the function of web service technology in Digital Forestry Platform. The work principle and the system structure of the management mechanism of web service resource were also discussed. The web service management architecture was designed and all the workflow under this architecture was elaborated. As an important component of Digital Forestry Support Platform, web service management has provided essential guarantee for the operation of Digital Forestry Platform.

Ferromagnetic interactions in EO-azido-bridged binuclear transition metal(Ⅱ) systems: Syntheses, crystal structures and magnetostructural correlations

Three new isostructural binuclear transition metal complexes with azido ion and 1,2-bis（3-（pyridin-2-yl）-lH-pyrazol-1- yl）ethane （bppe）, formulated as [M2（N3）2（bppe）2]（C104）2 （M = Co, 1; Ni, 2; Cu, 3）, were successfully synthesized. They were structurally and magnetically characterized. In 1-3, the double azido ions link two adjacent octahedral metal centers together in the end-to-on mode （EO）, with the M-NEo-M angles of 99.41°, 100.24° and 99.80°, respectively. The co-ligand bppe acts as terminal ligand to saturate the remaining coordination sites. The magnetic properties of 1-3 have been investigated in the tem- perature range of 2-300 K. Fitting of the magnetic susceptibility data revealed the occurrence of the strong ferromagnetic in- teractions [J = 26.32 cm-1 （1）, J = 38.23 cm-1 （2） and J = 139.83 cm-1 （3）]. Density functional theory calculations have been performed on 1-3 to provide a magneto-structural correlation of the ferromagnetic behavior.