体素分类与Phong光照模型GPU加速体绘制

为了提高体绘制的速度和效果,研究了体数据的分类和计算及其在图形处理单元上加速实现的体绘制算法。分别采用点体素先分类和预积分后分类方法为体数据分配颜色和不透明度,改进了利用不透明度对颜色加权改善绘制效果,根据Phong光照模型对体数据进行渲染。通过查找表软件加速和图形处理单元硬件加速两个方面分别实现并进行比较,实验结果表明,采用图形硬件加速的方法达到实时交互的效果,体绘制性能大大提高。

Retrieving reuse component based on semantic

According to the current research status of component retrieval, the component description model based on facet classification is improved by adding semantic features. Furthermore, the component retrieval process model is put forward by combining the domain ontology with the relative concept match algorithm. A detailed illustration of a component reasoning engine and a component classification engine is given and the component classification algorithm is provided by using the Naive Bayes algorithm based on domain ontology. The experimental results show that the recall ratio and the precision ratio are obviously improved by using the method based on semantics, and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Automatically Constructing an Effective Domain Ontology for Document Classification

An effective domain ontology automatically constructed is proposed in this paper. The main concept is using the Formal Concept Analysis to automatically establish domain ontology. Finally, the ontology is acted as the base for the Naive Bayes classifier to approve the effectiveness of the domain ontology for document classification. The 1752 documents divided into 10 categories are used to assess the effectiveness of the ontology, where 1252 and 500 documents are the training and testing documents, respectively. The Fl-measure is as the assessment criteria and the following three results are obtained. The average recall of Naive Bayes classifier is 0.94. Therefore, in recall, the performance of Naive Bayes classifier is excellent based on the automatically constructed ontology. The average precision of Naive Bayes classifier is 0.81. Therefore, in precision, the performance of Naive Bayes classifier is gored based on the automatically constructed ontology. The average Fl-measure for 10 categories by Naive Bayes classifier is 0.86. Therefore, the performance of Naive Bayes classifier is effective based on the automatically constructed ontology in the point of F 1-measure. Thus, the domain ontology automatically constructed could indeed be acted as the document categories to reach the effectiveness for document classification.

Human hematopoietic cells express two forms of thecytokine receptor common γ-chain (γc)

Recent studies have revealed that the γ-chain of theIL-2 receptor is shared by the receptors for IL-4, IL7, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-15, and it is therefore also referred toas the common γ-chain (γc). Mutations of γc result inX-linked severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome inhumans, indicating that rye is essential for normal development and function of the immune system. We demonstratethat human hematopoietic cells express two γc transcriptsdiffering in their carboxyl terminal coding region. Onetranscript is the previously reported sequence (γc-long),whereas the newly identified sequence exhibits a deletion of72 nucleotides close to the 3’-end of the open reading frame(γc-short). This alteration predicts a loss of 24 amino acidsincluding a conserved tyrosine residue which is shared byseveral members of the cytokine receptor family. Thepresence of these two distinct forms of rye transcripts wasdemonstrated by sequencing of reversely transcribed andpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplified mRNA, restriction digestion of the RT-PCR products, RNAse protection, and Northern blotting from human cell lines andhuman peripheral blood lymphocytes. Furthermore, thetwo variants were present in peripheral blood lymphocytesfrom both female and male donors, which rules out allelicvariants since rye is a single copy gene located on the Xchromosome. A truncation mutant at a site near the observed changes in γc-short has been reported by othersto alter biochemical events activated by cytokines. Thiscombined with the loss of a potential SH2 "docking" sitein γc-short suggests that γc-long and γc-short may link todifferent signaling pathways and may play an importantrole in determining the cellular response to IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, IL-15.

Trace Metals in Water Samples Taken from Azerbaijan Sector of Caspian Sea

The present study was conducted to investigate the heavy metal contents （As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Mo, Mn, Rb, Pb, Cu, Ni, V, U and Zn） in seawater samples, which were collected at two c （5 and 100 m）, from 9 different sites of Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea. The Agitent 7700x Series ICP-MS （inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry） with HMI （high matrix introduction） system applied to analysis seawater. It was shown, the average concentrations of elements as Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in surface water slightly higher than their concentrations in depth water at 100 m. Practically it is not deference of the Mo, Rb and U average concentrations in surface and 100 m depth column water. There was little variation observed for nickel and vanadium. In contrast the concentrations of As, Ga and Ba in samples taken from 100 m, were significantly higher than the concentration in surface samples. Dependence concentration of elements from water columns depth can be explained in accordance with the geochemical system of classification of dissolved forms of elements in the sea water.

The Taxonomic Status of Gymnura bimaculata and G. japonica： Evidence from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

Japanese butterfly ray Gymnura japonica from twinspot butterfly ray G. bimaculata based on a pair of white spots behind eyes or not, which was not reliable. To clarify the taxonomic status of G. japonica and G. bimaculata, the nucleotide variation between the two butterfly rays was examined using mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons. Approximately 585 bp of 16S ribosomal RNA （rRNA） and 1,128 bp cytochrome b （cyt b） genes were sequenced from representatives of two butterfly rays species in East China Sea. The results showed that there were the same sequences of 16S rRNA gene between two butterfly rays; six sites were variable among two butterfly rays of cyt b genes, the proportion of polymorphie loci was 0.53%, and two haplotypes were defined which genetic distance was 0.5%. Combined with the morphological character and the analysis of mtDNA sequence indicated that twinspot butterfly ray G. bimaculata was a synonym of Japanese butterfly ray G. japonica.

Molecular variation and evolution of the tyrosine kinase domains of insulin receptor IRa and IRb genes in Cyprinidae

The insulin receptor （IR） gene plays an important role in regulating cell growth, differentiation and development. In the present study, DNA sequences of insulin receptor genes, IRa and IRb, were amplified and sequenced from 37 representative species of the Cyprinidae and from five outgroup species from non-cyprinid Cypriniformes. Based on coding sequences （CDS） of tyro- sine kinase regions of IRa and IRb, molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships were analyzed to better understand the characteristics of IR gene divergence in the family Cyprinidae. 1Ra and IRb were clustered into one lineage in the gene tree of the IR gene family, reconstructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA）. IRa and IRb have evolved into distinct genes after IR gene duplication in Cyprinidae. For each gene, molecular evolution analyses showed that there was no significant difference among different groups in the reconstructed maximum parsimony （MP） tree of Cyprinidae; IRa and 1Rb have been subjected to similar evolutionary pressure among different lineages. Although the amino acid sequences of IRa and IRb tyrosine kinase regions were highly conserved, our analyses showed that there were clear sequence variations between the tyrosine kinase regions of IRa and IRb proteins. This indicates that IRa and IRb proteins might play different roles in the insulin signaling pathway.