Exercise training provides physiological benefits for both improving athletic performance and maintaining good health. Different exercise training modalities and strategies exist. Two common exercise strategies are hi...Exercise training provides physiological benefits for both improving athletic performance and maintaining good health. Different exercise training modalities and strategies exist. Two common exercise strategies are high-intensity interval training （HIIT） and moderate-intensity continuous exercise training （MCT）. HIIT was first used early in the 20th century and popularized later that century for improving performance of Olympic athletes. The primary premise underlying HIIT is that, compared to energy expenditure-matched MCT, a greater amount of work is performed at a higher intensity during a single exercise session which is achieved by alternating high-intensity exercise intervals with low-intensity exercise or rest intervals. Emerging research suggests that this same training method can provide beneficial effects for patients with a chronic disease and should be included in the comprehensive medical management plan. Accordingly, a major consideration in developing an individual exercise prescription for a patient with a chronic disease is the selection of an appropriate exercise strategy. In order to maximize exercise training benefits, this strategy should be tailored to the individual＇s need. The focus of this paper is to provide a brief summary of the current literature re^ardin~ the use of HIIT to enhance the fimctional capacity of individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and diabetes diseases.展开更多
Objective:To assess intensive care unit(ICU)nurses’demands for specialized experiential training and to provide inputs for developing an experiential training program for ICU nurses.Methods:A questionnaire for assess...Objective:To assess intensive care unit(ICU)nurses’demands for specialized experiential training and to provide inputs for developing an experiential training program for ICU nurses.Methods:A questionnaire for assessing ICU nurses’demands for experiential specialty training was distributed to 360 ICU nurses,selected through purposive sampling from two secondary hospitals and six tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province,China.Results:Of the survey participants,63.6%had undergone a specialty training program for ICU nurses.Of these individuals,53.0%were satisfied with the training.Certification as a qualified nurse was considered an essential criterion for admission of trainees into the program by 81.8%of respondents,while 77.1%of respondents considered clinical working experience to be a critical requirement for selecting trainers.A total of 48.1%of the respondents preferred part-time training,and 36.1%considered a training cycle of 9 e12 weeks to be reasonable.Moreover,they felt that the training methods should be tailored to different stages of the experiential learning cycle.Demands for experiential training among ICU nurses were quantified,with high demand reflected in an overall score of 4.41±0.48.The“intensive care technology”experiential training module was ranked highest in terms of demand,with the top five sub-modules being specialty operating technology(4.67±0.53),care of critically ill patients(4.66±0.55),critical patient rescue procedures(4.65±0.56),assessing monitoring indexes(4.63±0.56),and the application of relevant instruments(4.61±0.57).Conclusion:Nearly half of the respondents indicated that their experiences of specialty training programs were not satisfactory,and they had high demands for experiential training.Thus,to optimize training outcomes,continuous updating of training methods is essential.Moreover,a systematic,comprehensive,and multilevel experiential training program that targets the specific needs of ICU nurses is essential.展开更多
Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) w...Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.展开更多
The number of older adults （individuals ≥65 years）, particularly women, in our society is increasing and understanding the impact of exercise on muscle capacity （e.g., strength and power） and subsequently physica...The number of older adults （individuals ≥65 years）, particularly women, in our society is increasing and understanding the impact of exercise on muscle capacity （e.g., strength and power） and subsequently physical function is of utmost importance to prevent disability and maintain independence. Muscle capacity declines with age and this change negatively impacts physical function in older women. Exercise, specifically resistance training, is recommended to counteract these declines; however, the synergistic relationships between exercise, muscle capacity, and physical function are poorly understood. This review will summarize the literature regarding age-related changes in the aforementioned variables and review the research on the impact of resistance training interventions on muscle capacity and physical function in older women. Recommendations for future research in this area will be discussed.展开更多
文摘Exercise training provides physiological benefits for both improving athletic performance and maintaining good health. Different exercise training modalities and strategies exist. Two common exercise strategies are high-intensity interval training （HIIT） and moderate-intensity continuous exercise training （MCT）. HIIT was first used early in the 20th century and popularized later that century for improving performance of Olympic athletes. The primary premise underlying HIIT is that, compared to energy expenditure-matched MCT, a greater amount of work is performed at a higher intensity during a single exercise session which is achieved by alternating high-intensity exercise intervals with low-intensity exercise or rest intervals. Emerging research suggests that this same training method can provide beneficial effects for patients with a chronic disease and should be included in the comprehensive medical management plan. Accordingly, a major consideration in developing an individual exercise prescription for a patient with a chronic disease is the selection of an appropriate exercise strategy. In order to maximize exercise training benefits, this strategy should be tailored to the individual＇s need. The focus of this paper is to provide a brief summary of the current literature re^ardin~ the use of HIIT to enhance the fimctional capacity of individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and diabetes diseases.
基金This study could not have been completed without the cooperation of the registered nurses of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.
文摘Objective:To assess intensive care unit(ICU)nurses’demands for specialized experiential training and to provide inputs for developing an experiential training program for ICU nurses.Methods:A questionnaire for assessing ICU nurses’demands for experiential specialty training was distributed to 360 ICU nurses,selected through purposive sampling from two secondary hospitals and six tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province,China.Results:Of the survey participants,63.6%had undergone a specialty training program for ICU nurses.Of these individuals,53.0%were satisfied with the training.Certification as a qualified nurse was considered an essential criterion for admission of trainees into the program by 81.8%of respondents,while 77.1%of respondents considered clinical working experience to be a critical requirement for selecting trainers.A total of 48.1%of the respondents preferred part-time training,and 36.1%considered a training cycle of 9 e12 weeks to be reasonable.Moreover,they felt that the training methods should be tailored to different stages of the experiential learning cycle.Demands for experiential training among ICU nurses were quantified,with high demand reflected in an overall score of 4.41±0.48.The“intensive care technology”experiential training module was ranked highest in terms of demand,with the top five sub-modules being specialty operating technology(4.67±0.53),care of critically ill patients(4.66±0.55),critical patient rescue procedures(4.65±0.56),assessing monitoring indexes(4.63±0.56),and the application of relevant instruments(4.61±0.57).Conclusion:Nearly half of the respondents indicated that their experiences of specialty training programs were not satisfactory,and they had high demands for experiential training.Thus,to optimize training outcomes,continuous updating of training methods is essential.Moreover,a systematic,comprehensive,and multilevel experiential training program that targets the specific needs of ICU nurses is essential.
基金Project(61175128) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA040203) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Walking is the most basic and essential part of the activities of daily living. To enable the elderly and non-ambulatory gait-impaired patients, the repetitive practice of this task, a novel gait training robot(GTR) was designed followed the end-effector principle, and an active partial body weight support(PBWS) system was introduced to facilitate successful gait training. For successful establishment of a walking gait on the GTR with PBWS, the motion laws of the GTR were planned to enable the phase distribution relationships of the cycle step, and the center of gravity(COG) trajectory of the human body during gait training on the GTR was measured. A coordinated control strategy was proposed based on the impedance control principle. A robotic prototype was developed as a platform for evaluating the design concepts and control strategies. Preliminary gait training with a healthy subject was implemented by the robotic-assisted gait training system and the experimental results are encouraging.
文摘The number of older adults （individuals ≥65 years）, particularly women, in our society is increasing and understanding the impact of exercise on muscle capacity （e.g., strength and power） and subsequently physical function is of utmost importance to prevent disability and maintain independence. Muscle capacity declines with age and this change negatively impacts physical function in older women. Exercise, specifically resistance training, is recommended to counteract these declines; however, the synergistic relationships between exercise, muscle capacity, and physical function are poorly understood. This review will summarize the literature regarding age-related changes in the aforementioned variables and review the research on the impact of resistance training interventions on muscle capacity and physical function in older women. Recommendations for future research in this area will be discussed.
