NT-proBNP水平在老年血液透析患者干体重评估中的应用价值

目的 探讨N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)在老年血液透析患者干体重评估中的应用价值。方法 选取2021年1月-2022年1月于本院接受血液透析的老年患者及体检健康者,分别纳入观察组和对照组,每组30例。观察组经过14天逐渐透析脱水下调体重达到临床干体重。测定观察组下调体重前后和对照组的NT-proBNP水平、心胸比值及体重,并观察临床表现。结果 观察组体重下调前后的NT-proBNP、体重及心胸比值差异均具有显著性意义(P<0.05);观察组干体重下调后与对照组的NT-proBNP水平有统计学差异(P<0.05),在体重、心胸比值差异的比较差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。血液透析患者体重下调前后NTproBNP水平差与心胸比值差呈强相关关系(P<0.05)。观察组体重下调后,患者的腹部饱胀和恶心反应、胸闷和气促反应、高血压反应、水肿反应症状消失或是得到明显缓解。结论 老年血液透析中,NT-proBNP水平可作为干体重评估的敏感指标,具有较高的便捷性和可靠性,可用于临床推广应用。

Evaluation of body weight of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by computer vision

Apostichopus japonicus(Holothuroidea,Echinodermata) is an ecological and economic species in East Asia.Conventional biometric monitoring method includes diving for samples and weighing above water,with highly variable in weight measurement due to variation in the quantity of water in the respiratory tree and intestinal content of this species.Recently,video survey method has been applied widely in biometric detection on underwater benthos.However,because of the high flexibility of A.japonicus body,video survey method of monitoring is less used in sea cucumber.In this study,we designed a model to evaluate the wet weight of A.japonicus,using machine vision technology combined with a support vector machine(SVM) that can be used infield surveys on the A.japonicus population.Continuous dorsal images of free-moving A.japonicus individuals in seawater were captured,which also allows for the development of images of the core body edge as well as thorn segmentation.Parameters that include body length,body breadth,perimeter and area,were extracted from the core body edge images and used in SVM regression,to predict the weight of A.japonicus and for comparison with a power model.Results indicate that the use of SVM for predicting the weight of 33 A.japonicus individuals is accurate(R^2=0.99) and compatible with the power model(R^2=0.96).The image-based analysis and size-weight regression models in this study may be useful in body weight evaluation of A.japonicus in lab and field study.

Evaluation of gas production from multiple coal seams： A simulation study and economics

Gas production from multiple coal seams has become common practice in many coal basins around the world. Although gas production rates are typically enhanced, the economic viability of such practice is not well studied. In order to investigate the technical and economic feasibility of multiple coal seams production, reservoir simulation integrated with economics modelling was performed to study the effect of important reservoir properties of the secondary coal seam on production and economic performance using both vertical and horizontal wells. The results demonstrated that multiple seam gas production of using both vertical and horizontal wells have competitive advantage over single layer production under most scenarios. Gas content and permeability of the secondary coal seam are the most important reservoir properties that have impact on the economic feasibility of multiple seam gas production. The comparison of vertical well and horizontal well performance showed that horizontal well is more economically attractive for both single well and gas field. Moreover, wellhead price is the most sensitive to the economic performance, followed by operating costs and government subsidy. Although the results of reservoir simulation combined with economic analysis are subject to assumptions, multiple seam gas production is more likely to maintain profitability compared with single layer production.

Risk factors for prehypertension in Xinjiang Uygur population

Objective To assess the risk factors for prehypertension in Xinjiang Uygur population. Methods A cross-section study was conducted in a Xinjiang Uygur population（438 males and 716 females,aged 30 to 70 years）.The fasting lipid profiles,serum glucose,insulin,and uric acid were determined.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）index was used to assess insulin resistance（IR）.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for prehypertension.Blood pressure levels ofnormotensives and prehypertensives in different body mass index（BMI）categories were compared. Results Binary logistic regression analysis performed after adjustment for gender,lipids profiles,waist-to-hip ratio,uric acid,HOMA-IR,and lifestyle（alcohol drinking and smoking）showed a significantly increasing prevalence of prehypertension with BMI.The odds ratios for prehypertension against the lowest BMI group（separated by 24 and 28）were 1.934 and 2.490（95% confidence interval：1.435-2.606 and 1.825-3.399,respectively）.Age was independently correlated to the increasing prevalence of prehypertension.HOMA-IR was not associated with prehypertensive.The mean diastolic blood pressure（DBP）was significantly increased with BMI categories in either normotensives or prehypertensives（P〈0.001）while the mean systolic blood pressure（SBP）was significantly increased with BMI only in normotensives（P〈0.001）. Conclusions In Xinjiang Uygurs,BMI and age was the risk factors for prehypertension.DBP is significantly increased with BMI.IR is not associated with prehypertension.These findings emphasize the importance of management of obesity for the control of blood pressure and other cardiovascular complications.

Reflection and reconstruction： The evaluation system of the construction of the national characteristic specialty in China

In this paper, the author reflects the evaluation and appraisal systems for the construction of the characteristic specialty. Guided by the selection of the contents and the path of the construction of the characteristic specialty, from the dimension of reviewing the problems existing in the construction, with the defects of the deliberative evaluation index as the power of the correction, on the foundation of distinguishing the necessity of the construction of the evaluation, the author treats the construction and the innovation as the connotation of the evaluating indexes, refers to the data for the professional evaluation as the reference model, and reconstructs the evaluation systems of the construction of the characteristic specialty.

Assessing the Effect of Farmers＇ Supplementation Strategy on Feed Intake and Liveweight of Goats Grazing Natural Range and Crop Fields of Zamfara Reserve in Semi-Arid Nigeria

This on-farm study was conducted in Zamfara reserve of north western Nigeria between July, 2002 and June, 2003 to assess feed intake and liveweight of 12 indigenous Red Sokoto castrated bucks, separated into two groups of six, supplemented and nonsupplemented respectively. The nonsupplemented group grazed natural pasture and crop stubble of crop fields, whereas the supplemented group grazed natural pasture, crop stubbles and received concentrate supplementation. Concentrate supplement （wheat offal） was fed at 1% of the metabolic weight of the animals which corresponds to the mean of the farmers offer. The total faecal collection method and grab samples of feed were used to estimate total intake of dry matter （DM）, organic matter （OM）, crude protein （CP） and metabolizable energy （ME）. Liveweight of the animal was recorded at five weekly intervals. Results of the study indicated that nutrients intake of supplemented animals were generally higher than those of the nonsupplemented group, but not significantly different （P 〉 0.05）. However, it was observed that supplementation significantly （P 〈 0.05） affected the liveweight of the supplemented bucks during early dry season in December, During this period feed became more available to the grazing animals from crop residues. It was therefore concluded that supplementation with wheat offal at 1% metabolic weight may not be enough to counteract weight loss of grazing goats during the other periods of dry season in this environment.

基于视觉感知的畜禽智慧养殖管理与疫病诊断研究进展

为深入了解基于视觉智能感知的畜禽智慧养殖管理与疫病诊断的研究现状,本研究以“深度学习”、“个体检测”、“畜禽身份识别”、“体尺体重评估”、“体温检测”、“行为识别”、“疫病诊断”等为关键词,在Web of Science核心集合、Science Direct、CNKI等数据库就1990—2022年已发表的文献进行检索,从5个方面对研究畜禽智慧养殖管理与疫病诊断的方法与技术进行总结、归纳、分析。结果表明:1)畜禽身份识别主要通过畜禽面部识别实现,针对单帧的畜禽面部数据设计无约束方法是未来研究方向。2)畜禽体尺体重智能评估研究中,基于三维点云的畜禽体尺体重高精度快速测量技术是研究的重点。3)由于畜禽疫病数据集的稀缺,基于小样本的畜禽疫病识别技术是突破疫病诊断的关键。4)畜禽体温检测关键是在复杂养殖环境下畜禽热窗的准确定位,通过检测分割算法对热红外模式下的图像进行精准检测。5)日常行为识别主要难点为长时间畜禽密集目标检测与跟踪,并计算其行为轨迹与特点;异常行为通过连续帧间的上下文关系进行识别,主要难点为畜禽异常行为数据稀少性和正负样本不均衡的问题。本综述对基于视觉智能感知的畜禽体温检测、体尺体重评估、行为识别与疫病诊断技术方法进行了研究现状阐述、难点分析和未来趋势展望,为视觉感知技术在畜禽养殖的技术演进和应用发展提供了参考方向。

An innovative method to evaluate the severe level of general Qi deficiency

OBJECTIVE:The study aim was to use existing relevant indexes to establish an index series for the quantitative measurement of Qi deficiency pattern(QDP) in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).METHODS:Seventeen indexes of arterial oxygen saturation(SaO_2),TCM pulse diagnosis,heart rate,and blood pressure were integrated into an index series,and 94 selected subjects were divided into a healthy control group,a mild QDP group,and a typical QDP group.All three groups were then synchronously given a breath-holding(BH) test and index detections using TCM apparatus for auxiliary diagnosis and treatment and a photoplethysmograph.The detections were carried out repeatedly until there was no monotonic change in the value of the minimal SaO_(2d)uring a BH measurement(SaO_(2 min)) or in the duration of BH during a BH measurement(TBH).RESULTS:BH measurement and index detection data from 380 eligible cases were analyzed and a significant intergroup difference was found for 12 indexes.CONCLUSION:An index series for quantitative QDP measurement could comprise the 12 effective indexes:RSaO_(2d)(rate of decline of SaO_(2d)uring a BH measurement),RSaO_(2r)(recovery rate of SaO_2 after a BH measurement),SaO_(2 min),BFV(blood flow velocity),TSaO_(2d)(the time at which SaO_2 started declining during a BH measurement),TBH,TSa_(O2 min)(the time of occurrence of the minimal SaO_(2d)uring a BH measurement),TSa O_(2 max)(the time of occurrence of the maximal SaO_2 after a BH measurement),PTP(pulse-touching pressure),SBP(systolic blood pressure),PWV(pulse wave velocity),and DBP(diastolic blood pressure).Of the indexes,RSaO_(2d)could play akey role in quantitative QDP measurement;RSaO_(2r) and Sa O_2 mincould be used to differentiate the QDP symptom of shortness of breath and as early-warning indexes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BFV,TSaO_(2d),and TBHcould be used to quantitatively assess the QDP symptoms of spontaneous perspiration and shortness of breath.

An evaluative system for restructuring the literary history of modern China

China is now in an era of multiple values. While there is some virtue in previous theories on the history of literature based on the theory of evolution, class struggle and the enlightenment, when it comes to the twenty-first century, the histories of modem Chinese literature used in teaching are farfrom adequate for meeting the developmental needs of the times, society and literature. This is especially so in view of the putting forward of the goals of ＂putting people first＂ and ＂the harmonious society,＂ and the great changes taking place in time and space, the function of literature and aesthetic taste. Hence there is an urgent need to restructure this history and establish a more fair, equal and reasonable system of evaluation. Such a system would have humanism as its highest principle, and truth, goodness and beauty as its three virtues. Its great superiority would be its functional characteristics of universality, transcendence, fairness, and human-centeredness.