Objective： To investigate the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture （EA） at 2 and 100 Hz on type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain （DNP） and on the expressions of the P2X3 receptor and calcitonin gene-related peptide...Objective： To investigate the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture （EA） at 2 and 100 Hz on type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain （DNP） and on the expressions of the P2X3 receptor and calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） in the dorsal root ganglion （DRG）. Methods： Rat type 2 DNP was induced by a high calorie and high sugar diet fed for 7 weeks, plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） after 5 weeks. EA at 2 and 100 Hz was carried out once every day after 7 weeks for 7 consecutive days. Body weight, serum fasting insulin （FINS）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, insulin sensitivity index （ISI）, and paw withdrawal latency （PWL） were measured. The expressions of L4-L6 DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP were assessed by immunofluorescence. Results： Type 2 DNP was successfully induced as shown by the increased body weight, FINS, and FBG, as well as the reduced ISI and PWL. Expressions of P2X3 receptors and CGRP in L4-L6 DRGs increased. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz relieved type 2 DNP, but the analgesic effect of EA was stronger at 2 Hz. P2X3 receptor expression decreased in L4-L6 DRGs following EA at 2 Hz and in L5 and L6 DRGs following EA at 100 Hz. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz down-regulated CGRP overexpression in L4-L6 DRGs. Conclusions： These findings indicate that EA at 2 Hz is a good option for the management of type 2 DNP. The EA effect may be related to its down-regulation of the overexpressions of the DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP in this condition.展开更多
Intermedin(IMD)or adrenomedullin 2 is a novel peptide related to the calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)family.Via calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying proteins,the common receptor complexes...Intermedin(IMD)or adrenomedullin 2 is a novel peptide related to the calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)family.Via calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying proteins,the common receptor complexes of CGRP,IMD exerts a wide range of biological effects,especially regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis.Proteolytic processing of a larger IMD precursor yields a series of biologically active C-terminal fragments,IMD1–53,IMD1–47 and IMD8–47.IMD and its receptors are present in the cardiovascular system,and IMD is present at low levels in plasma.In the cardiovascular system,IMD has multiple functions such as regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function,pro-angiogenesis,endothelial barrier function protection,anti-oxidative stress,and anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress.IMD participates widely in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis,hypertension,pulmonary arterial hypertension and vascular calcification.It is a vascular regulatory factor of homeostasis and a vital endogenous protective factor against vascular diseases.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81303039)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20133322120001)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.BSH1302083)the Zhejiang Province Top Key Discipline of Chinese Medicine-Acupuncture&Tuina(No.[2012]80)the Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of Zhejiang Province(No.2013TD15),China
文摘Objective： To investigate the analgesic effects of electroacupuncture （EA） at 2 and 100 Hz on type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain （DNP） and on the expressions of the P2X3 receptor and calcitonin gene-related peptide （CGRP） in the dorsal root ganglion （DRG）. Methods： Rat type 2 DNP was induced by a high calorie and high sugar diet fed for 7 weeks, plus a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） after 5 weeks. EA at 2 and 100 Hz was carried out once every day after 7 weeks for 7 consecutive days. Body weight, serum fasting insulin （FINS）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, insulin sensitivity index （ISI）, and paw withdrawal latency （PWL） were measured. The expressions of L4-L6 DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP were assessed by immunofluorescence. Results： Type 2 DNP was successfully induced as shown by the increased body weight, FINS, and FBG, as well as the reduced ISI and PWL. Expressions of P2X3 receptors and CGRP in L4-L6 DRGs increased. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz relieved type 2 DNP, but the analgesic effect of EA was stronger at 2 Hz. P2X3 receptor expression decreased in L4-L6 DRGs following EA at 2 Hz and in L5 and L6 DRGs following EA at 100 Hz. EA at both 2 and 100 Hz down-regulated CGRP overexpression in L4-L6 DRGs. Conclusions： These findings indicate that EA at 2 Hz is a good option for the management of type 2 DNP. The EA effect may be related to its down-regulation of the overexpressions of the DRG P2X3 receptors and CGRP in this condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91339203,81270407,81170082 to Qi YongFen)
文摘Intermedin(IMD)or adrenomedullin 2 is a novel peptide related to the calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)family.Via calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying proteins,the common receptor complexes of CGRP,IMD exerts a wide range of biological effects,especially regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis.Proteolytic processing of a larger IMD precursor yields a series of biologically active C-terminal fragments,IMD1–53,IMD1–47 and IMD8–47.IMD and its receptors are present in the cardiovascular system,and IMD is present at low levels in plasma.In the cardiovascular system,IMD has multiple functions such as regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function,pro-angiogenesis,endothelial barrier function protection,anti-oxidative stress,and anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress.IMD participates widely in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis,hypertension,pulmonary arterial hypertension and vascular calcification.It is a vascular regulatory factor of homeostasis and a vital endogenous protective factor against vascular diseases.
