OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects ofgemcitabine versus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patientswith progressive or recurrent ovarian cancer.METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search t...OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects ofgemcitabine versus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patientswith progressive or recurrent ovarian cancer.METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search toidentify all randomized controlled trials comparing gemcitabineand pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for progressive orrecurrent ovarian cancer. Trial data were reviewed and extractedindependently by 2 reviewers. We evaluated the quality of theincluded studies using the Handbook 5.0 recommend standardsand then analyzed data by Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0.RESULTS Two trials which included a total of 348 patients wereanalyzed. The results of meta-analysis showed that gemcitabineimproved disease control rates significantly better than pegylatedliposomal doxorubicin. A greater number of patients receivinggemcitabine experienced neutropenia compared with patientsreceiving pegylated liposomal doxorubicin; however, hand-footsyndrome and mucositis were more severe in patients receivingpegylated liposomal doxorubicin.CONCLUSION Gemcitabine provided a limited advantagecompared with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. There existsan urgent need for more high-quality, multicenter, adequaterandomized, controlled clinical trials for comparing gemcitabinewith pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients withprogressive/recurrent ovarian cancer.展开更多
Experimental investigations were carried out to determine the Al2O3/water and SiO2/water nanofluids flowing through a circular tube. convective heat transfer performance and pressure drop of Measurements show that the...Experimental investigations were carried out to determine the Al2O3/water and SiO2/water nanofluids flowing through a circular tube. convective heat transfer performance and pressure drop of Measurements show that the addition of small amounts of nano-sized Al2O3 particles to the base fluid increases heat transfer coefficients considerably, while the result for the silica nanofluids contradicts with the alumina nanofluids and this leads to some interesting results. In the case of alumina nanofluids, an average increase of 16% in convective heat transfer coefficient is observed with an average penalty of 28% in pressure drop. Moreover, flow resistance increases significantly compared to the base fluid even at very low concentrations of nanofluids. Finally, measured heat transfer coefficients are compared with predicted ones from the correlation of Shah under the same conditions.展开更多
The exhaust smoke dispersion for a generic frigate is investigated numerically through the numerical solution of the governing fluid flow, energy, species and turbulence equations. The main objective of this work is t...The exhaust smoke dispersion for a generic frigate is investigated numerically through the numerical solution of the governing fluid flow, energy, species and turbulence equations. The main objective of this work is to obtain the effects of the yaw angle velocity ratio and buoyancy on the dispersion of the exhaust smoke The numerical method is based on the fully conserved control-volume representation of the fully elliptic Navier-Stokes equations. Turbulence is modeled using a two-equation （k-ε） model The flow visualization tests using a 1/100 scale model of the frigate in the wind tunnel were also carried out to determine the exhaust plume path and to validatc the computational results. The results show that down wash phenomena occurs for the yaw angles between ψ=10° and 20°. The results with different exhaust gas temperatures show that the buoyancy effect increases with the increasing of the exhaust gas temperature. However, its effect on the plume rise is less significant in comparison with its momentum. A good agreement between the predictions and experiment results is obtained.展开更多
In the context of this paper, a small scale, medium precision, stabilized pan/tilt platform is developed as a prototype, which is used to compare various stabilization algorithms experimentally. The overall performanc...In the context of this paper, a small scale, medium precision, stabilized pan/tilt platform is developed as a prototype, which is used to compare various stabilization algorithms experimentally. The overall performance of the system depends on rigid body dynamics, structural dynamics, servo control loops, stabilization control algorithm, sensor fusion algorithm and sensory feedback such as from the IMU （inertial measurement unit）. In the case that the response bandwidth of the overall system is high enough, the same hardware can also achieve active vibration isolation. All of these design aspects are investigated in the paper via numerical models and with their experimental verification.展开更多
Moment invariants firstly introduced by M. K Hu in 1962, has some shortcomings. After counting a large number of statistical distribution information of Chinese characters,the authors put forward the concept of inform...Moment invariants firstly introduced by M. K Hu in 1962, has some shortcomings. After counting a large number of statistical distribution information of Chinese characters,the authors put forward the concept of information moments and demonstrate its invariance to translation,rotation and scaling.Also they perform the experiment in which information moments compared with moment invaiants for the effects of similar Chinese characters and font recognition.At last they show the recognition rate of 88% by information moments,with 70% by moment inariants.展开更多
Pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental process required for the expression of most metazoan genes. It is carried out by the spliceosome that catalyzes the removal of non-coding intron sequences to ligate exons into mature...Pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental process required for the expression of most metazoan genes. It is carried out by the spliceosome that catalyzes the removal of non-coding intron sequences to ligate exons into mature mRNA prior to transport and translation. The purpose of our study is to explore whether the in vitro unlabeled pre-mRNA splicing assay could be performed as an alternative method of splicing reaction other than the radiolabeled one. Two different splicing methods in vitro, 32p labeled and unlabeled pre-mRNA as the substrates in the reaction, were investigated. The radiolabeled products were visualized by autoradiography while the unlabeled products were observed by Ethidium Bromide （EB） staining. As a result, although there are more unspecific bands in the EB staining assay than 32p labeled one, the RNA products of in vitro splicing could be observed clearly. This suggests that the unlabeled pre-mRNA splicing assay can be an optional substitution for the isotope-labeled assay.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects ofgemcitabine versus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patientswith progressive or recurrent ovarian cancer.METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search toidentify all randomized controlled trials comparing gemcitabineand pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for progressive orrecurrent ovarian cancer. Trial data were reviewed and extractedindependently by 2 reviewers. We evaluated the quality of theincluded studies using the Handbook 5.0 recommend standardsand then analyzed data by Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0.RESULTS Two trials which included a total of 348 patients wereanalyzed. The results of meta-analysis showed that gemcitabineimproved disease control rates significantly better than pegylatedliposomal doxorubicin. A greater number of patients receivinggemcitabine experienced neutropenia compared with patientsreceiving pegylated liposomal doxorubicin; however, hand-footsyndrome and mucositis were more severe in patients receivingpegylated liposomal doxorubicin.CONCLUSION Gemcitabine provided a limited advantagecompared with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. There existsan urgent need for more high-quality, multicenter, adequaterandomized, controlled clinical trials for comparing gemcitabinewith pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients withprogressive/recurrent ovarian cancer.
文摘Experimental investigations were carried out to determine the Al2O3/water and SiO2/water nanofluids flowing through a circular tube. convective heat transfer performance and pressure drop of Measurements show that the addition of small amounts of nano-sized Al2O3 particles to the base fluid increases heat transfer coefficients considerably, while the result for the silica nanofluids contradicts with the alumina nanofluids and this leads to some interesting results. In the case of alumina nanofluids, an average increase of 16% in convective heat transfer coefficient is observed with an average penalty of 28% in pressure drop. Moreover, flow resistance increases significantly compared to the base fluid even at very low concentrations of nanofluids. Finally, measured heat transfer coefficients are compared with predicted ones from the correlation of Shah under the same conditions.
基金the financial support received from the Scientific Research Projects Office of Istanbul Technical University,stanbul, Turkey for the project titled as ‘Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Exhaust Smoke Dispersion for Naval Ships’
文摘The exhaust smoke dispersion for a generic frigate is investigated numerically through the numerical solution of the governing fluid flow, energy, species and turbulence equations. The main objective of this work is to obtain the effects of the yaw angle velocity ratio and buoyancy on the dispersion of the exhaust smoke The numerical method is based on the fully conserved control-volume representation of the fully elliptic Navier-Stokes equations. Turbulence is modeled using a two-equation （k-ε） model The flow visualization tests using a 1/100 scale model of the frigate in the wind tunnel were also carried out to determine the exhaust plume path and to validatc the computational results. The results show that down wash phenomena occurs for the yaw angles between ψ=10° and 20°. The results with different exhaust gas temperatures show that the buoyancy effect increases with the increasing of the exhaust gas temperature. However, its effect on the plume rise is less significant in comparison with its momentum. A good agreement between the predictions and experiment results is obtained.
文摘In the context of this paper, a small scale, medium precision, stabilized pan/tilt platform is developed as a prototype, which is used to compare various stabilization algorithms experimentally. The overall performance of the system depends on rigid body dynamics, structural dynamics, servo control loops, stabilization control algorithm, sensor fusion algorithm and sensory feedback such as from the IMU （inertial measurement unit）. In the case that the response bandwidth of the overall system is high enough, the same hardware can also achieve active vibration isolation. All of these design aspects are investigated in the paper via numerical models and with their experimental verification.
基金supported by the Specical Fund of Taishan Scholar of Shandong Province
文摘Moment invariants firstly introduced by M. K Hu in 1962, has some shortcomings. After counting a large number of statistical distribution information of Chinese characters,the authors put forward the concept of information moments and demonstrate its invariance to translation,rotation and scaling.Also they perform the experiment in which information moments compared with moment invaiants for the effects of similar Chinese characters and font recognition.At last they show the recognition rate of 88% by information moments,with 70% by moment inariants.
基金We thank Hao Zhang for technical assistance, Dr. Robin Reed for providing AdML plasmids. The work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （30670441, 30300070）Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （NCET-04-0245）+1 种基金 Specialized Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （20040062003）Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission （043802811）.
文摘Pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental process required for the expression of most metazoan genes. It is carried out by the spliceosome that catalyzes the removal of non-coding intron sequences to ligate exons into mature mRNA prior to transport and translation. The purpose of our study is to explore whether the in vitro unlabeled pre-mRNA splicing assay could be performed as an alternative method of splicing reaction other than the radiolabeled one. Two different splicing methods in vitro, 32p labeled and unlabeled pre-mRNA as the substrates in the reaction, were investigated. The radiolabeled products were visualized by autoradiography while the unlabeled products were observed by Ethidium Bromide （EB） staining. As a result, although there are more unspecific bands in the EB staining assay than 32p labeled one, the RNA products of in vitro splicing could be observed clearly. This suggests that the unlabeled pre-mRNA splicing assay can be an optional substitution for the isotope-labeled assay.
