医院实行药品顺加作价办法后有关问题的探讨

为进一步推进药品价格整改工作,促进新的药品价格形成机制的建立与完善,根据国家发展与计划委员会关于完善药品价格政策,改进药品价格管理的通知精神,江苏省自1999年5月20日起对差率控制的药品实行顺加作价办法,这无疑是对药品定价办法的重大改革。切实执行药品价格政策涉及到药品价格改革政策的不断深化,涉及到群众对药品价格政策的理解和接受程度,也关系到卫生系统的行业形象问题。本文对实行顺加作价办法有关问题进行探讨,旨在逐步完善这一政策。 1

浅谈新增值税对流通环节价格的影响以及今后新的作价方法

浅谈新增值税对流通环节价格的影响以及今后新的作价方法庞军，袁锦香《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》已于１９９４年１月１日起实施。这次税制改革，由于纳税方式和税率的变化，必然最终影响到商品价格。本文拟就此谈几点看法，供企业物价管理人员在实际工作中参考。一...

蒸汽的作价方式讨论

本文阐述了多因子作价法、煤热联动作价法、成本加投资收益作价法、比例作价法和级差作价法五种蒸汽的作价方法及它们的特点和适用范围,说明了煤热联动作价法下如何实现价格调整,介绍了作价法的综合运用。

对小肥销价制定的思考

小化肥包括碳酸氢铵、钙镁磷肥、过磷酸钙、硫酸铵等。目前,对小化肥有两种作价方法:一是批次作价(或叫代理作价),一批一价。然而,实行批次作价,易出现一批一价,一货多价、水涨船高,价格紊乱现象。二是综合作价,这种方法是本着保本微利、薄利多销、综合平衡的原则,制订一种销价。

Optimizing Teacher-Student Collaborative Assessment in the Production-Oriented Approach:A Dialectical Research

Teacher-student collaborative assessment(TSCA)aims to address the challenges of responding to students’work in the Production-Oriented Approach:low efficiency and poor effectiveness.As part of a bigger project carried out in a Chinese university over a period of three years,the present study explored how the teacher prepared and implemented TSCA in class,especially with a focus on how she determined the assessing objective and worked collaboratively with her students in class to achieve it,using the students’written and translated texts as examples.By adopting the dialectical research(DR)method,this paper collected qualitative data such as teaching plans,classroom recordings,and reflective journals of the teacher-researcher(the author),along with students’written drafts and translated texts.TSCA theory and classroom practice have been refined simultaneously by means of putting theory into practice and reflecting upon it.The optimized pre-class and in-class procedures may shed some light on applying TSCA to L2 classrooms.

Sea State Bias Estimation with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)

With the sea-level rising,the measurement of sea surface height(SSH) is attracting more and more attention in the area of oceanography.Satellite radar altimeter is usually used to measure the SSH.However,deviation between the measured value and the actual one always exists.Among others,the sea state bias(SSB) is a main reason to cause the deviation.In general,one needs to estimate SSB first to correct the measured SSH.Currently,existing SSB estimation methods more or less have shortcomings,such as with many parameters,high prediction error and long training time.In this paper,we introduce an effective and efficient linear model called LASSO to the SSB estimation.The LASSO algorithm minimizes the residual sum of squares under the condition that the sum of the absolute values of each coefficient is less than a certain constant.In the implementation of LASSO,we use the significant wave height and wind speed to fit the LASSO model.Hence,the applied model has only 3 parameters,corresponding to the two inputs and a bias.Experimental results on the data of JASON-2,JASON-3,T/P and HY-2 radar altimetry show that LASSO performs better than geophysical data records(GDR) and ordinary least squares(OLS) estimator.Moreover,from the running time,we can see that LASSO is very efficient.

STUDY ON THE NON-COVALENT INTERACTION OF APIGENIN MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS BY SPECTROMETRY

The non-covalent interaction between apigenin (API) and different functional monomers (α-methylacrylic acid (MAA), acrylamide (AM), 2-vinylpyridine (2-Vpy) and combined functional monomers (AM/2-Vpy)) was determined by UV spectrometry, and a series of apigenin molecularly imprinted polymers (API-MIPs) was synthesized with different functional monomers through molecular imprinting technology. The relationship between the non-covalent interaction of template/functional monomer and absorption of MIPs also was studied. The results showed that the order of the strength of the non-covalent interaction between API and different functional monomers in tetrahydrofuran (THF) is as follows: 2-Vpy> AM/2-Vpy>AM>MAA, which is positive correlation to the absorption capability of corresponding MIPs, and 2-Vpy is the optimum functional monomer among the used monomer for preparing API- MIPs.

Study on the Evaluation of the New Line of Urban Rail Transit Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

The basic conditions of Urban rail transit line test operation are mainly based on Basic condition for trial operation of urban rail transit （GB/T30013-2013） the basic conditions of the relevant provisions, but the status and standard of trial operation of the basic conditions for assessment of the operating departments are still inadequate, during the three mouth of trial running operations, the specific work of trial operation and exercise are not clear about what this study focuses. This study emphasizes on the methods of operation assessment, through the Analysis Hierarchy Process （AHP） to make the commissioning work carry out smoothly and effectively, making the running exercise Rally, and the emergency and safety follow-up operation process can be quickly handled properly, and it is also helpful to the sustainable development of urban raft transit.

A Study on Quantitative Evaluation of Calligraphy Characters

In this study, a numerical method was proposed to evaluate the calligraphy work called calligraphy evaluation system. Four classical chirographies of ＂Kaisho＂, ＂Gyosho＂, ＂Sousho＂ and ＂Hiragana＂, and 47 characters for each chirography, were selected and analyzed by this system. The ＂Sumi＂ distribution of character was clarified from 12 directions and summarized into four parts of horizontal part, diagonal left part, vertical part and diagonal fight part. The character＇s contour line was converted to a signal data in order to calculate roundness index. The degree of character＇s radian was presented by roundness index. The smooth index was calculated at the same time. Additionally, width index, ＂Sumi＂ ratio, stability index also were calculated to contrast the features of each style. The main character points of four styles of ＂Kaisho＇, ＂Gyosho＂, ＂Sousho＂, ＂Hiragana＂ were extracted to compare each other, and provide a reference for learners. The learners could obtain the quantitative data to understand their work＇s characteristics. It can also be compared with other person＇s work by this system in order to improve learners＇ writing skill.

A hybrid method for extraction of protein-protein interactions from literature

In this work, a hybrid method is proposed to eliminate the limitations of traditional protein-protein interactions （PPIs） extraction methods, such as pattern learning and machine learning. Each sentence from the biomedical literature containing a protein pair describes a PPI which is predicted by first learning syntax patterns typical of PPIs from training corpus and then using their presence as features, along with bag-of-word features in a maximum entropy model. Tested on the BioCreAtIve corpus, the PPIs extraction method, which achieved a precision rate of 64%, recall rate of 60%, improved the performance in terms of F1 value by 11% compared with the component pure pattern- based and bag-of-word methods. The results on this test set were also compared with other three extraction methods and found to improve the performance remarkably.

Modal Approach to the Condensed Dynamic Stiffness Evaluation

The author proposes to obtain the dynamic stiffness for the multiply-supported structures condensed to the supports in the frequency domain using the modal approach. Thus, previously proposed approach, requiring the dynamic inertia matrix for the single-base system, is extended for the multiply-supported systems. Modal analysis is performed twice： once for the structural model with one base fixed, then for the same model with all bases fixed. The applicability of the proposed approach is checked for a sample two-base system enabling analytical solutions both in precise and modal approaches. The format of the condensed dynamic stiffness in the frequency domain enables to combine finite-element-method （FEM） codes like ABAQUS and Soil-Structure Interaction （SSI） codes like SASSI or CLASSI in a complex to perform effective soil-structure interaction analysis.

Multi-dimensional evaluation method in music creation and performance of comedy

Multidimensional Scale Evaluation Rules as a performer in the field of learning assessment is feasible, but for each dimension settings, level settings and value setting need to be developed according to the actual raters, object evaluation, the focus of the evaluation. Scores of overall dimensions use variance analysis, and the results show a significant difference. In sub-dimension score comparison, the high group and low group both got higher scores in the degree of difficulty performing works and read music accuracy. The high group and low group are different on dimensions of the lowest score. Total scores in the scale of multi-dimensional evaluation of rules are positively correlated on the scores on the improvising horizontal dimension, but the correlation is not very high level, that is not all students who is better in playing levels, and they can get higher scores on the improvising horizontal dimension. Using multi-dimensional scale scores and teacher direct evaluation rules score are significantly different for student achievement.

Acupuncture of lifting and pressing manipulation for upper limb paralysis after stroke

Objective To compare the difference of clinical efficacy between acupuncture of lifting and pressing manipulation and conventional acupuncture in motor function recovery of hemiplegic upper limb after stroke, so as to provide referential support for clinical application. Method Fifty-nine patients with upper limb hemiplegia after stroke were selected and divided into group A （conventional acupuncture ± lifting and pressing manipulation, 30 cases} and group B （conventional acupuncture, 29 cases} according to random number table method. Upper limb motor function and activity of daily living of patients in the two groups were scored before and after treatment, and the results were analyzed and compared. Results The score of upper limb FugI-Meyer motor function of patients was 22.4 ± 2.83 and 32.97 ± 2.92 before and after treatment in group A, and was 19.89 ± 3.13 and 26.62 ± 3.31 before and after treatment in group B, and the difference between the two groups before and after treatment was significant （P〈0.01}. The score of Barthel index of patients was 60.67 ± 4.65 and 73.00 ± 3.82 before and after treatment in group A, and was 50.52 ± 5.15 and 60.17 ± 4.89 before and after treatment in group B, and the difference between the two groups before and after treatment was not statistcally significant {P〉0.05）. Conclusion Lifting and pressing manipulation combined with conventional acupuncture can better improve upper limb motor function of upper limb paralysis of patients after stroke.

Influence of Temperature Difference Calculation Method on the Evaluation of Rankine Cycle Performance

In the new century, energy and environmental problems are becoming more critical, and the development of natural energy is desired. Low-grade Thermal Energy Conversion(LTEC) is refocused as one of the renewable energy methods. The usefulness of LTEC is expected using hot springs and waste heat. In the case of the Rankine cycle using ammonia as the working fluid, the thermal properties of the working fluid changes in the evaporator. The traditional evaluation method of heat exchanger performance is the LMTD(Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference) method. On the other hand, the GMTD(Generalized Mean Temperature Difference) method allows the variation of thermal properties in the heat exchanger. The aim of this study is to compare the two methods for the calculation of temperature differences and the corresponding influence on the total performance of the Rankine cycle that is operated using ammonia as a working fluid. As a result, the thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycle is greater than that of the LMTD method. Moreover, the computable range of the GMTD calculation method is less than that of the LMTD calculation method.

Functional knowledge integration of the design process

Functional knowledge integration is the initial and core phase of a design process. It is the key phase to ensure that the functional requirement of the design product can be appropriately complied with, and its result is also the rudiment of the subsequent detailed design work. If this important phase can be supported by an increasingly distributed resource environment, and be automated such that its completion requires less manual work, the efficiency of the design process would be largely improved and its ability to promote innovation would be enhanced. Therefore, this study involved a detailed analysis of the functional knowledge integration of the design process, as well as the proposal of a corresponding running model. Based on the model, a computational algorithm and an evaluating method were established to automate functional knowledge integration. A corresponding computer program was developed to prove the feasibility of this approach, and it was used to design a solarpowered wiper blade.