目的比较简明国际神经精神访谈(轻)躁狂发作伴混合特征[Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(Hypo-)Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module,MINI-M]问卷和临床实用抑郁发作伴混合特征量表(Clinically Useful Depre...目的比较简明国际神经精神访谈(轻)躁狂发作伴混合特征[Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(Hypo-)Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module,MINI-M]问卷和临床实用抑郁发作伴混合特征量表(Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale Supplemented with Questions for the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier,CUDOS-M)抑郁分量表识别(轻)躁狂发作伴混合特征的有效性。方法在全国多中心、大样本调查中采取方便抽样方法纳入符合入组与排除标准的366例急性期(轻)躁狂发作的双相障碍患者,依据DSM-5混合特征的症状学标准进行临床诊断,采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析MINI-M问卷和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表识别混合特征的预测效度并比较二者ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)差异性。结果MINI-M问卷和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表预测混合特征的AUC分别为0.79(95%CI=0.75~0.84)、0.81(95%CI=0.77~0.86),二者AUC差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.19,P>0.05)。依据DSM-5诊断标准,(轻)躁狂发作患者中混合特征临床诊断率为45.9%(168/366),MINI-M问卷(得分≥3分)和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表(得分≥20分)检出率分别为43.7%(160/366)和42.1%(154/366),三者具有可比性。结论(轻)躁狂发作患者中混合特征普遍存在,MINI-M问卷与CUDOS-M抑郁分量表识别混合特征的效度相当。展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to solve the weeds existed in seedling period of alfalfa in Chongqing.[Method]The naked oat and common oat were selected.Through the analysis of determiners such as plant number,plant height,yie...[Objective]The aim was to solve the weeds existed in seedling period of alfalfa in Chongqing.[Method]The naked oat and common oat were selected.Through the analysis of determiners such as plant number,plant height,yield and weeds ratio,the oat type and sowing method were screened through all the accompany sowing crops to better control weeds in the seedling period of alfalfa.[Result]Compared with common oat,the tested naked oat as the companion crop of alfalfa seeding can prevent weeds more effectively;the proper companion-seeding disposal of alfalfa sowed in spring in Chongqing area was 15 kg/hm2 of alfalfa and 120 kg/hm2 of naked oat,sowing in strip in 40 cm row spacing;the proper mowing period of oat was during the time from May 11th to May 21st;the proper mowing period of alfalfa was ten days later.[Conclusion]Spring sowing oats with alfalfa can control seedling weeds effectively.展开更多
Creating and sustaining trust in cooperative performances of the supply chain constitute critical strategic components.To study the influences of organizational and individual trust on the quality of commitment and co...Creating and sustaining trust in cooperative performances of the supply chain constitute critical strategic components.To study the influences of organizational and individual trust on the quality of commitment and cooperative performance,the relationships among organizational trust,individual trust,commitment and cooperative performances of the supply chain are discussed by case analysis.Questionnaire investigation is used to study the trust and relationship commitment among supply chain partnerships on cooperative performance.Results show that both organizational and individual trust are positively correlated with cooperative performance.The indirect effects of organizational trust on cooperative performance through relationship commitment is significantly greater than its direct effects.However,the indirect effects of individual trust on cooperative performance through relationship commitment is significantly less than its direct effects.It provides all essential basis for enterprises to establish and develop stable supply chain partnerships and to enhance competitive advantages.展开更多
This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and pres...This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and presents suggestions how to carry out this principle. For PPP projects, it is necessary to set up a workable and commercially viable risk sharing mechanism to satisfy the different interests and the objectives of both the public sector and the private sector. An effective risk allocation mechanism is not only an important part in preparing project documents, but also an essential part in the success of PPP contracts. Risk allocation can be represented in a risk matrix. The more balanced the risk allocation is, the lower the risk degree of PPP contracts is. Therefore, the most effective risk allocation of PPP contracts is that the public sector and the private sector take part in risk management together in all the stages of the project and allocate the balanced risks. The outcomes of this paper can be used by both the public sector and the private sector to make a good choice of the PPP contract form.展开更多
The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development G...The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). It also discusses the relationship between poverty reduction and sustainable development. Poverty reduction and sustainable development are inseparable and poverty reduction is the premise for sustainable development. Furthermore, several key bones of contention on the role of poverty reduction and sustainable development and implications of Post-2015 Development Agenda are also discussed. It concludes that to end poverty and inequality should continuously be given top priority for the Chinese government, because poverty reduction is China's soft power. Meanwhile, new ways of poverty alleviation should be explored and government should make great efforts to create a new partnership for poverty reduction and development.展开更多
文摘目的比较简明国际神经精神访谈(轻)躁狂发作伴混合特征[Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(Hypo-)Manic Episode with Mixed Features-DSM-5 Module,MINI-M]问卷和临床实用抑郁发作伴混合特征量表(Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale Supplemented with Questions for the DSM-5 Mixed Features Specifier,CUDOS-M)抑郁分量表识别(轻)躁狂发作伴混合特征的有效性。方法在全国多中心、大样本调查中采取方便抽样方法纳入符合入组与排除标准的366例急性期(轻)躁狂发作的双相障碍患者,依据DSM-5混合特征的症状学标准进行临床诊断,采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析MINI-M问卷和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表识别混合特征的预测效度并比较二者ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)差异性。结果MINI-M问卷和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表预测混合特征的AUC分别为0.79(95%CI=0.75~0.84)、0.81(95%CI=0.77~0.86),二者AUC差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.19,P>0.05)。依据DSM-5诊断标准,(轻)躁狂发作患者中混合特征临床诊断率为45.9%(168/366),MINI-M问卷(得分≥3分)和CUDOS-M抑郁分量表(得分≥20分)检出率分别为43.7%(160/366)和42.1%(154/366),三者具有可比性。结论(轻)躁狂发作患者中混合特征普遍存在,MINI-M问卷与CUDOS-M抑郁分量表识别混合特征的效度相当。
文摘[Objective]The aim was to solve the weeds existed in seedling period of alfalfa in Chongqing.[Method]The naked oat and common oat were selected.Through the analysis of determiners such as plant number,plant height,yield and weeds ratio,the oat type and sowing method were screened through all the accompany sowing crops to better control weeds in the seedling period of alfalfa.[Result]Compared with common oat,the tested naked oat as the companion crop of alfalfa seeding can prevent weeds more effectively;the proper companion-seeding disposal of alfalfa sowed in spring in Chongqing area was 15 kg/hm2 of alfalfa and 120 kg/hm2 of naked oat,sowing in strip in 40 cm row spacing;the proper mowing period of oat was during the time from May 11th to May 21st;the proper mowing period of alfalfa was ten days later.[Conclusion]Spring sowing oats with alfalfa can control seedling weeds effectively.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAH02A06)
文摘Creating and sustaining trust in cooperative performances of the supply chain constitute critical strategic components.To study the influences of organizational and individual trust on the quality of commitment and cooperative performance,the relationships among organizational trust,individual trust,commitment and cooperative performances of the supply chain are discussed by case analysis.Questionnaire investigation is used to study the trust and relationship commitment among supply chain partnerships on cooperative performance.Results show that both organizational and individual trust are positively correlated with cooperative performance.The indirect effects of organizational trust on cooperative performance through relationship commitment is significantly greater than its direct effects.However,the indirect effects of individual trust on cooperative performance through relationship commitment is significantly less than its direct effects.It provides all essential basis for enterprises to establish and develop stable supply chain partnerships and to enhance competitive advantages.
文摘This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and presents suggestions how to carry out this principle. For PPP projects, it is necessary to set up a workable and commercially viable risk sharing mechanism to satisfy the different interests and the objectives of both the public sector and the private sector. An effective risk allocation mechanism is not only an important part in preparing project documents, but also an essential part in the success of PPP contracts. Risk allocation can be represented in a risk matrix. The more balanced the risk allocation is, the lower the risk degree of PPP contracts is. Therefore, the most effective risk allocation of PPP contracts is that the public sector and the private sector take part in risk management together in all the stages of the project and allocate the balanced risks. The outcomes of this paper can be used by both the public sector and the private sector to make a good choice of the PPP contract form.
基金funded by the International Poverty Reduction Center in China(IPRCC) in 2014
文摘The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). It also discusses the relationship between poverty reduction and sustainable development. Poverty reduction and sustainable development are inseparable and poverty reduction is the premise for sustainable development. Furthermore, several key bones of contention on the role of poverty reduction and sustainable development and implications of Post-2015 Development Agenda are also discussed. It concludes that to end poverty and inequality should continuously be given top priority for the Chinese government, because poverty reduction is China's soft power. Meanwhile, new ways of poverty alleviation should be explored and government should make great efforts to create a new partnership for poverty reduction and development.
