“扎筏子”与“作法子”

《红楼梦》中多次出现"扎筏子"和"作法子"。工具书对"扎筏子""作筏子""作法子""作法"的释义多采用互训方式,可彰其同而不能辨其异。要厘清它们之间的关系,有必要从构词理据入手进行探讨。"扎筏子"指"找借口出气、撒气";"作筏子"则是动词"扎"词义泛化的结果,"扎筏子"和"作筏子"同义,词义都包含容器隐喻的认知机制;"作法子"指"拿某人当作立威对象,以儆其余","作法子"和"作法"同义。尽管"扎筏子"与"作法子"两组词使用过程中极容易出现语义纠葛现象,但二者表义的侧重点还是有区别,前者侧重出气,后者侧重立威,宜看作两组不同的词。

INTEGRATED OPERATOR GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING MULTI-OBJECTIVE FLEXIBLE JOB-SHOP SCHEDULING

In the flexible job-shop scheduling problem （FJSP）, each operation has to be assigned to a machine from a set of capable machines before alocating the assigned operations on all machines. To solve the multi-objective FJSP, the Grantt graph oriented string representation （GOSR） and the basic manipulation of the genetic algorithm operator are presented. An integrated operator genetic algorithm （IOGA） and its process are described. Comparison between computational results and the latest research shows that the proposed algorithm is effective in reducing the total workload of all machines, the makespan and the critical machine workload.

Mechanism analysis of ions interaction in MgCl_2/LiCl solution and effect of lithium on ammonia precipitation products

Producing magnesium hydroxide is the basic way to utilize magnesium resources of natural brines. However, the effect of lithium on properties of product is always neglected. The interaction between ions in magnesium chloride solution containing lithium was illustrated based on the experimental results, and the effect of lithium on the crystallization of magnesium was clarified. The results of X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning election microscope（SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermogravimetry analysis（TGA） and laser particle size analysis indicate that the effect of lithium is not obvious on the crystal phase and morphology of the products. But the XRD relative intensity of（001） surface of magnesium hydroxide declines, the specific surface area reduces apparently and the additive mass of lithium affects the heat loss rates of precipitations obviously. Quantum chemical calculations on the interactional systems of Mg（H2O）2＋6 and Li（H2O）＋4 were performed using B3LYP/6-311 G basis set. The results show that when the distance of Mg2＋ and Li＋ is 7-10 , the interaction energy is high and the trend of solvation is strong, which would make hydroxide ions easier to combine with hydrogen ions in ammonia precipitation process. And the absolute value of solvation free energy reduces significantly in MgCl2 solution（1 mol/L） containing lithium ion.

Molecular dynamics simulation on plasticity deformation mechanism and failure near void for magnesium alloy

The plastic deformation processes of magnesium alloys near a void at atomic scale level were examined through molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.The modified embedded atom method(MEAM)potentials were employed to characterize the interaction between atoms of the magnesium alloy specimen with only a void.The void growth and crystal failure processes for hexagonal close-packed(hcp)structure were observed.The calculating results reveal that the deformation mechanism near a void in magnesium alloy is a complex process.The passivation around the void,dislocation emission,and coalescence of the void and micro-cavities lead to rapid void growth.

Clinical study of paclitaxel plus cisplatin in the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer

Objective: To observe the efficacy and toxicities of paclitaxel plus cisplatin in the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer. Methods: Twenty-three patients with a diagnosis of recurrent cervical cancer were eligible. Three-weekly chemo- therapy regimen consisted of paclitaxel 135–150 mg/m2 infusion for 3 h on day 1, cisplatin 25 mg/m2 infusion on day 1 to 3. All patients received at least two cycles treatment. Results: The response rates was 47.8%, including CR 2 cases (8.7%), PR 9 cases (39.1%). The major toxicity included neutropenia, nausea vomiting, arthralgia, myalgia and alopecia. Conclusion: Paclitaxel combined with cisplatin is an effective therapy with acceptable adverse reactions for recurrent cervical cancer.

Modification of the Properties of Cu_x S Thin Films by Low Energy Ion Beam Implantation

Cu x S thin films are implanted by low energy N + ion beam. The influences of the energy and dose of N + ion implantation on Cu x S films are investigated. The results show that the ratio of copper to sulfur is increased to some extent, the constituents of the film are turned to rich copper phase from rich sulfurous phase after ion beam irradiation. X-ray diffraction spectrum and optical transmission spectra of sample have confirmed the results.

Restudy of Structures and Interactions of Solitons in （2＋1）-Dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov Equations

Some new structures and interactions of solitons for the （2＋1）-dimensional Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are revealed with the help of the idea of the bilinear method and variable separation approach. The solutions to describe the interactions between two dromions, between a line soliton and a y-periodic soliton, and between two y-periodic solitons are included in our results. Detailed behaviors of interaction are illustrated both analytically and in graphically. Our analysis shows that the interaction properties between two solitons are related to the form of interaction constant. The form of interaction constant and the dispersion relationship are related to the form of the seed solution （u0, v0, w0 ） in Backlund transformation.

Exact Solution for Phenomenon of atomic Collapse and Revival under Rotating Wave and Anti-Rotating Wave Approximation

An accurate method to solve the daynes Cummings （J-C） Hamiltonian has been investigated here. The phenomenon of atomic collapse and revival predicted by Jaynes-Cummings model is demonstrated. Solutions are consis- tent with the precious such as using the operator method. Furthermore, the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian including the anti-rotating term is also solved precisely using this accurate way so that results agree with experiments better. Essences of the anti-rotating term are revealed. We discuss the relations of the phenomenon of atomic collapse and revival with the average photons number, the light field phase angle, the resonant frequency, and the size of coupling constant. The discussions may make one select suitable conditions to carry out experiment well and study the virtual light field effect on cavity quantum electrodynamics.

Effects of combined addition of Y and Ca on microstructure and mechanical properties of die casting AZ91 alloy

A series of die casting heat-resistant magnesium alloys based on Mg-Al system were developed for automotive application by adding Y and various amounts of Ca. The mechanical properties and microstructures of die casting AZ91 alloy with combined addition of Y and Ca were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and mechanical property test. The results show that the combined addition of Y and Ca can refine the as-die-cast microstructure, result in the formation of Al2Ca phase and Al2Y phase, and inhibit the precipitation of Mg17Al12 phase. The combined addition of Y and small amount of Ca has little influence on the ambient temperature tensile properties, but increasing the content of Ca can improve significantly the tensile strength at both ambient and elevated temperatures. It is found that for AZ91-1Y-xCa alloy, the hardness and the elevated temperature tensile strength increase, while the elongation decreases with increasing the addition of Ca. The mechanism of mechanical properties improvement caused by the combined addition of Y and Ca was also discussed.

A Theoretical Study on the Interactions of Crown Tetraalanylpeptide with Small Metal Cations

The density functional theory based on hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homothetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including binding energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was little change on the coronary structure before and after C4-AIa combination with small I A or ｜I A cations, and the electrons moved from C4-AIa to alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations during this process. Combination with C4-Ala, Be2~ was more predominant than Mg2~ and Ca2~ remarkably, but Li~ was not more predominant than Na＋ and K＋. The distances between alkaline-earth cations and the center of C4-Ala were 0.000 nm, 0.150 nm and 0.225 nm, respectively, when the binding energy at minimum, and that for alkali cations were 0.225 nm, 0.250 nm and 0.300 nm.

Corona Discharge Ion Mobility Spectrometry of Ten Alcohols

Ion mobility spectra for ten alcohols have been studied in an ion mobility spectrometry apparatus equipped with a corona discharge ionization source. Using protonated water cluster ions as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, the alcohols exhibit different product ion characteristic peaks in their ion mobility spectra. The detection limit for these alcohols is at low concentration pmol/L level according to the concentration calibration by exponential dilution method. Based on the measured ion mobilities, several chemical physics parameters of the ion-molecular interaction at atmosphere were obtained, including the ionic collision cross sections, diffusion coefficients, collision rate constants, and the ionic radii under the hard-sphere model approximation.

New Periodic Wave Solutions and Their Interaction for （2＋1）-dimensional KdV Equation

A class of new doubly periodic wave solutions for （2＋1）-dimensional KdV equation are obtained by introducing appropriate Jacobi elliptic functions and Weierstrass elliptic functions in the general solution（contains two arbitrary functions） got by means of multilinear variable separation approach for （2＋1）-dimensional KdV equation. Limiting cases are considered and some localized excitations are derived, such as dromion, multidromions, dromion-antidromion, multidromions-antidromions, and so on. Some solutions of the dromion-antidromion and multidromions-antidromions are periodic in one direction but localized in the other direction. The interaction properties of these solutions, which are numerically studied, reveal that some of them are nonelastic and some are completely elastic. Furthermore, these results are visualized.

Molecular Dynamics Study of Interaction between Acrylamide Copolymers and Alumina Crystal

Four acrylamide polymer flocculants, anionic polyacrylamide P（AA-co-AM）, cationic poly- acrylamide P（DMB-co-AM）, nonionic polyacrylamide P（AM）, and hydrophobical polyacry- lamide P（OA-co-AM） have been prepared by copolymerizing with acrylic acid, cationic monomer dimethylethyl （acryloxyethyl） ammonium bromide （DMB） and hydrophobical monomer octadecyl acrylate with acrylamide. The interactions between the flocculants with the （012） surface of alumina crystal （A1203） have been simulated by molecular dynamics method. All the polymers can bind tightly with A1203 crystal, the interaction between the O of polymers and A1 of the （012） surface of A1203 is significantly strong. The order of binding energy is as follows： P（DMB-co-AM）〉P（OA-co-AM）〉P（AA-co-AM）〉P（AM）, implying a better flocculation performance of P（DMB-co-AM） than the others. Analy- sis indicates that binding energy is mainly determined by Coulomb interaction. Bonds are found between the O atoms of the polymers and the A1 atoms of A1203. The poly- mers＇ structures deform when they combine with A1203 crystal, but the deformation en- ergies are low and far less than non-bonding energies. Flocculation experiments in sus- pension medium of l%Kaolin show a transmittancy of 90.8% for 6 mg/L P（DMB-co-AM） and 73.0% for P（AM）. The sequence of flocculation performance of four polymers is P（DMB-co-AM）〉P（OA-co-AM）〉P（AA-co-AM）〉P（AM）, which is in excellent agreement with the simulation results of binding energy.

Quantum Monte Carlo Study of Frustrated Spin Chain under External Field

In this paper a stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo algorithm is used to study a frustratedspin chain with diagonal next-nearest-neighbor interactions.The detailed balance conditions are carefully analyzed toimprove the efficiency of simulation process.As an application of this algothrim,the total magnetization,the staticstructure factor and spin-stiffness are calculated for a certain set of system parameters as a function of external fieldstrength.

Assessment of Heavy Metals Control from Soil and Vegetable Plants in Different Growing Systems

Heavy metals contents of soils and vegetable edible parts were studied at three crop systems （conventional, in conversion and organic） from seven traditional sites for vegetable growing in North-eastern Romania, during 2010. The main goal of the research was to find a correlation between the heavy metals contents and the crop systems. Determination of heavy metals was performed by atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS）, using a Shimadzu spectrophotometer, 6300 version, equipped with graphite furnace and autosampler. Heavy metals contents in the soils varied with the metals and locations, according to the crop system. The following experimental average contents were determined： Mn-262.03 mg kg1, Zn-45.60 mg kgq, Cu-28.53 mg kgl, Pb-5.20 mg kg1 and Cd-1.84 mg kg1. In vegetable edible parts, heavy metal varied with metals, sites and plant species, without a significant correlation with crop system. The trend of heavy metals in conventional and organic crops was Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Mn = Pb 〉 Cd, but in conversion crops it was Zn 〉 Mn = Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Cd. The highest content was of Zn （4.85 mg kg＇t）, at a cabbage crop in conversion. Cd was not detected in vegetable products and Pb was detected only in some vegetable samples. Research emphasized that heavy metals contents from soil and vegetable edible parts did not exceed the admitted maximum limits, according to Romanian and European Regulations. Final conclusion of research is that no correlations exist between crop systems and heavy metals contents from soil and plant.

Quantum Impurity Models with Coupled Cluster Method

We investigate the ground-state properties of the Anderson single impurity model （finite Coulomb impurity repulsion） with the Coupled Cluster Method. We consider different CCM reference states and approximation schemes and make comparison with exact Green＇s function results for the non-interacting model and with Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory for the full interacting model. Our results show that coupled cluster techniques are well suited to quantum impurity problems.

In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Lunacridine from Lunasia Amara Blanco as Anticancer

Lunasia amara Blanco is a famous plant in South Sulawesi. It was used largely by local people as antibacteria and aphrodisiac. Quinoline alkaloid lunacridine was known as the active principle from Lunasia amara Blanco. Its activity was reported as a DNA Intercalating Topoisomerase II inhibitor. In this study, we have isolated and assayed the cytotoxic activity of lunacridine on P388 murine leukemia cells by MTT colorimetric assay （in vitro）. Lunacridine showed the less cytotoxic activity with the IC50 of 39.52 μg/mL. With the aim to explore the structural determinants responsible for this activity, molecular docking study have been carried out with DNA model using AutoDock 4.0 software with various total of energy evaluations （in silico）. The best docking reached at the total energy evaluations of 2.5 × 107 with the binding free energy of-6.63 kcal/mol. Analysis of the docking results was in accordance with the ability of lunacridine to intercalate between base pairs of DNA. Cytotoxic activity of lunacridine is less probably due to low affinity and molecular interaction. Therefore this study suggests to design and to develop lunacridine as a lead compound for anticancer drug.

Interaction Behaviors Between Special Dromions in the(2+1)-Dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt Equation

A modified mapping method is used to obtain variable separation solution with two arbitrary functions of the(2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt equation.Based on the variable separation solution and by selecting appropriate functions,we discuss the completely elastic head-on collision between two dromion-lattices,non-completely elastic "chase and collision" between two multi-dromion-pairs and completely non-elastic interaction phenomenon between anti-dromion and dromion-pair.

Crystallization-induced phosphorescence of benzils at room temperature

Efficient room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is rarely observed in pure organic luminogens. However, we have newly observed that benzil and its derivatives are nonluminescent in solvents and thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates, but become highly phosphorescent in crystal state at room temperature, exhibiting typical crystallization-induced phosphorescence (CIP) characteristics. The CIP phenomenon is ascribed to the restriction of intramolecular rotations in crystals owing to effective intermolecular interactions. Such intermolecular interactions greatly rigidify the molecular conformation and significantly decrease the nonradiative deactivation channels of the triplet excitons, thus giving boosted phosphorescent emission at room temperature.

Investigation of P T-symmetric Hamiltonian Systems from an Alternative Point of View

Two non-Hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian systems are reconsidered by means of the algebraic method which was originally proposed for the pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems rather than for the PT-symmetric ones.Compared with the way converting a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to its Hermitian counterpart,this method has the merit that keeps the Hilbert space of the non-Hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian unchanged.In order to give the positive definite inner product for the PT-symmetric systems,a new operator V,instead of C,can be introduced.The operator V has the similar function to the operator C adopted normally in the PT-symmetric quantum mechanics,however,it can be constructed,as an advantage,directly in terms of Hamiltonians.The spectra of the two non-Hermitian PT-symmetric systems are obtained,which coincide with that given in literature,and in particular,the Hilbert spaces associated with positive definite inner products are worked out.