论人民检察院鉴定人出庭的庭前准备和作证程序

在观摩河南省检察机关近年来120余场鉴定人出庭模拟赛及部分实际出庭的基础上,从人民检察院鉴定人出庭作证的角度,对庭前准备和作证程序等问题进行一些规律性研究。鉴定人与公诉人之间应建立出庭作证的配合机制,进行周密的庭前准备,按照法定程序进行规范作证。

当事人证人作证程序研究

诉讼当事人能够如实陈述自己直接经历并通过记忆存储的案件事实信息,以此来证明相关待证事实,可见,其发挥着与第三方证人相类似的证明作用。但诉讼当事人在诉讼地位方面毕竟不同于第三方证人,因而有必要为其设置一套独立而特殊的作证程序,这一程序的基本模式为:当诉讼程序进行到调查核实证据阶段时,首先让当事人像第三方证人那样宣誓或者具结,保证以证人身份如实提供案件事实信息,同时接受包括诉讼各方质询在内的法庭证据调查。通过这一专为当事人作证设立的程序,保证其证明作用的充分、有效发挥。

侦查人员程序性作证的新阐释

在刑诉法确立的实体性作证制度下,侦查人员并无就侦查过程中的程序性问题出庭作证的资格与义务。因此,要解决侦查人员的出庭作证问题,应首先提出新的作证形态。与实体性作证相对应的作证制度,程序性作证为侦查人员出庭作证提供了理论支持和阐释。侦查人员的程序性作证不仅可以使被告人的辩护权和质证权得到切实有效的行使,亦有助于遏制侦查人员的程序性违法行为。

未成年人作证的若干问题研究

长期以来,未成年人的作证能力、方式以及作证程序等问题,在国内理论界众说纷纭,莫衷一是。在确定未成年人证人资格的基础上,针对未成年人的特殊性,合理界定未成年人的作证能力,科学设计未成年人作证的方式以及程序,不仅有利于维护未成年人的合法权益,而且对未成年人诉讼程序的顺利推进大有裨益。

Feature Recognition of Low-resolution Fiber Image

The interpolatory edge operator is applied to the recognition of cotton and ramie fibers. Its performance is studied in comparison with the Canny edge operator in the fiber’s edge detection for cross-sectional image. The input image is interpolated other than Gaussian function smoothing. The quality of edge output is improved by the interpolatory edge operator. It produces edge output with good continuity for low-resolution input. The fine edge output, such as cross-markings, can be distinguished clearly, so the interpolatory edge operator is suitable for the study of cotton and ramie fibers. Furthermore, the application of the interpolatory edge operator can cut the hardware cost, reduce the storage and speed up the data transmission.

Research on the applicable problems of the rules of the exclusion of the illegal evidences

With the full implementation of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the application of the rules of the exclusion of the illegal evidences is more inclined to the protection of the human rights. However, in the process of the implementation of the new laws, the problems in view of the rules of the exclusion of the illegal evidences are also prominent, which are mainly reflected in the ambiguity of the scope of the application, the start of the program of the exclusion, and the formalization the trial certificates and other aspects. Therefore, in this article, the author starts from the concept of the illegal evidences, and expounds the principles of the exclusion and the abilities of the evidences, and especially explores the abilities of the evidences and the probative forces. From the differences between the two, the author strictly proves the virtualization of the standards, in order to provide the positive solutions for strengthening the exclusionary procedure of the illegal evidences.

警察出庭作证实证考察——以A市庭审实质化案件为样本

考察A市庭审实质化改革试点案件,警察是最常见的出庭人证类型,其出庭率明显高于普通证人。虽然我国刑事诉讼法实行"出庭说明情况"和"作为目击证人出庭"的二元立法模式,但实践中警察与普通证人作证在整体上具有一致性,警察出庭说明情况与出庭作证在程序上不具有区分性。与此同时,警察出庭作证呈现出作证规则性较弱、控辩对抗性不足、法官发问积极等特征。随着警察出庭常态化和出庭警察证人化,应进一步规范出庭警察行为,提升控辩双方法庭对抗技巧和警察出庭能力,发展交叉询问为主,辅以职权询问的混合式人证调查模式。