This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and pres...This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and presents suggestions how to carry out this principle. For PPP projects, it is necessary to set up a workable and commercially viable risk sharing mechanism to satisfy the different interests and the objectives of both the public sector and the private sector. An effective risk allocation mechanism is not only an important part in preparing project documents, but also an essential part in the success of PPP contracts. Risk allocation can be represented in a risk matrix. The more balanced the risk allocation is, the lower the risk degree of PPP contracts is. Therefore, the most effective risk allocation of PPP contracts is that the public sector and the private sector take part in risk management together in all the stages of the project and allocate the balanced risks. The outcomes of this paper can be used by both the public sector and the private sector to make a good choice of the PPP contract form.展开更多
Network spoofing attacks are very specialized attacks, and network security managers brought a severe test. In this paper, through the analysis of the ARP protocol works, it discusses ARP protocol AR P virus are two c...Network spoofing attacks are very specialized attacks, and network security managers brought a severe test. In this paper, through the analysis of the ARP protocol works, it discusses ARP protocol AR P virus are two common attacks from the IP address to the security risks that exist in the physical address resolution process, and then analyzes in detail, and then introduces the AR P Find virus source and virus removal methods, and finally putting forward effective measures to guard against AR P virus.展开更多
文摘This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of the risk allocation based on the balance is the most effective way to resolve the risk allocation problems of public-private partnership （PPP） contracts and presents suggestions how to carry out this principle. For PPP projects, it is necessary to set up a workable and commercially viable risk sharing mechanism to satisfy the different interests and the objectives of both the public sector and the private sector. An effective risk allocation mechanism is not only an important part in preparing project documents, but also an essential part in the success of PPP contracts. Risk allocation can be represented in a risk matrix. The more balanced the risk allocation is, the lower the risk degree of PPP contracts is. Therefore, the most effective risk allocation of PPP contracts is that the public sector and the private sector take part in risk management together in all the stages of the project and allocate the balanced risks. The outcomes of this paper can be used by both the public sector and the private sector to make a good choice of the PPP contract form.
文摘Network spoofing attacks are very specialized attacks, and network security managers brought a severe test. In this paper, through the analysis of the ARP protocol works, it discusses ARP protocol AR P virus are two common attacks from the IP address to the security risks that exist in the physical address resolution process, and then analyzes in detail, and then introduces the AR P Find virus source and virus removal methods, and finally putting forward effective measures to guard against AR P virus.
