民生科技需求、供给及满意度——基于广东珠三角地区民生科技实证研究

随着我国经济实力的增强,保障和改善民生是新时期关注的重点。对7个民生科技大类51个民生科技子类,从4个维度调查广东珠三角地区9个城市的居民对民生科技的需求度、供给度和满意度,通过数据统计与分析,得出广东民生科技优先发展的3个领域,即安全科技、健康科技和教育科技。

养老服务中的政府供给研究——基于S省养老服务政策的内容分析

采用内容分析法确定政府供给养老服务的五个维度:养老服务制度规划、养老服务财政支持、生活照料养老服务、养老设施服务、信息化养老服务。结合历年统计年鉴及政府公开数据对以上维度进行分析,发现政府的养老服务制度规划趋向完善和多元,养老服务财政支持扩张与紧缩并存,生活照料养老服务供给有限,养老设施服务供给重点从机构走向社区,信息化养老服务供给以平台建设为主。

基于农民视角的农村公共服务供给合意度和需求程度分析——以山东省三县市的调研为例

2005年,党的十六届五中全会提出了一个新的改革命题:"公共服务均等化"。2007年,党的十七大再次指出,公共服务体制改革的根本目标是提高公共服务水平,实现公共服务能够公平有效的向社会提供。城乡公共服务均等化是公共服务均等化的重要内容。实现城乡公共服务均等化的重点在农村,要实现城乡公共服务均等化,就需要使公共资源对处境不利的农村居民进行倾斜配置和优先扶持,增加农村公共服务的供给。对山东省三县市进行实地调研的实践证明,当前农民对农村公共服务供给合意度和需求程度的情况需要进行实证分析,要进一步明确各项农村公共服务的供给次序和增加农村公共服务供给应着力解决的问题。

农民工工作价值观与组织承诺关系的实证研究——以供给—期望匹配度为调节变量

采用问卷调查法,以企业中的264名农民工为研究对象,对其工作价值观与组织承诺之间的关系进行了实证研究,并分析了供给-期望匹配度在二者间的调节作用。结果表明,农民工的工作价值观对其组织承诺有显著的正向影响作用,而且,在其供给-期望匹配度高的情况下,两者间的关系更强,在供给-期望匹配度低的情况下,两者间的关系很弱。

电商平台吸引、质量治理与旅游产品供给丰裕度

平台吸引是平台战略的重要研究议题,设计有效的吸引策略、约束平台恶性竞争是促进电商平台成长的关键战略举措。但多数研究聚焦平台吸引对用户需求侧的响应,很少考察对企业供给侧的影响。文章利用携程网15个出境游市场的旅游线路数据,采用带有外生变量的向量自回归构建了平台吸引(包含竞争态势和品牌商渗透)与产品供给丰裕度的关系模型,并论证了平台质量治理对吸引效应的纠偏机制。研究结果显示,从短期作用看,竞争态势和品牌商渗透对旅游线路供给丰裕度产生截然相反影响,并形成供给均衡;从长期作用看,竞争态势不会带来明显的产品供给增加,但品牌商渗透将产生显著的供给减少。结果还发现,平台质量治理在短期内对竞争带来的产品供给无序增长具有立竿见影的约束作用,通过削弱品牌商渗透的抑制作用塑造更为合理的平台吸引效应。该结果为电商平台的扩张战略实施以及市场治理优化提供了全新的管理启示。

基本公共服务均等化测度:供给与受益二维视角 --兼论转移支付与财政自给率的影响

根据俱乐部理论提出基本公共服务均等化应基于供给与受益维度进行测度。基于2015—2019年31个省(区、市)数据,对基本公共服务均等化进行测度并分析其影响因素。研究发现:(1)近几年中国基本公共服务均等化总体上呈上升态势,区域间的差距逐年缩小。(2)转移支付的增加显著促进基本公共服务均等化,而地区财政自给率则表现为阻碍基本公共服务均等化。其中,转移支付与财政自给率的交互效应对基本公共服务均等化起负向调节作用。(3)转移支付与财政自给率对基本公共服务均等化的影响存在区域异质性。转移支付对基本公共服务均等化的正效应呈东、中、西部依次递增;而财政自给率对基本公共服务均等化的影响在东、中、西部的作用依次减小,且在西部地区负向作用尤为明显。需针对不同区域,采取合理政策措施促进基本公共服务均等化。

政府规模适度化的评价标准

政府规模问题是一个古老的命题 ,迄今尚无定论。政府规模是否适度 ,需要依据科学的标准去衡量。为此 ,需要从多学科视野进行立体透视 ,分析影响政府规模的主要因素 ,发现它们之间的内在联系和发展规律 ,并提出衡量政府规模是否适度的标准 ,从而为评价政府规模适度化提供科学依据 。

不同沙源供给条件下柽柳灌丛与沙堆形态的互馈关系--以策勒绿洲沙漠过渡带为例

以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带为研究区域,根据沙源供给丰富程度的明显差异,在固定沙地、半固定沙地、半流动沙地和流动沙地随机选择100个相对独立的柽柳灌丛沙堆,对每个沙堆形态进行测量,并对沙堆上的柽柳灌丛进行调查,分析研究不同沙源供给条件下柽柳灌丛形态特征和沙堆形态变化及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)在4种沙源供给条件下,柽柳灌丛高度相对稳定,灌丛长度、宽度、树冠投影面积、总枝条数、新枝率、基部新枝率和生物量随着沙源供给丰富度的增加而相应增加。(2)随沙源供给丰富度的增加沙堆尺度显著增大,外形向着沿风向拉长的不对称圆丘状发展,风影沙尾轮廓逐渐清晰。沙堆形态参数间存在良好的相关性,其中长度与宽度协同增长,回归曲线在流动沙地为二次函数关系,在其它3种沙地呈线性相关;底面积与高度表现为良好的二次函数关系;底面积与体积间存在显著的线性关系。(3)柽柳灌丛形态参数与沙堆形态参数间存在良好的相关性。其中树冠面积与沙堆体积间为显著线性关系,而树冠大小又与总枝条数以及新枝率密切相关,柽柳灌丛沙堆的适应机理应归于不断增加的沙源供给而产生的风积沙埋对柽柳灌丛生长的促进作用及灌丛与沙堆间的互馈效应。该区域柽柳沙包的形成以一定灌幅的存在为前提,可以判定是土地退化的产物,其中半流动沙地生境相对于其他沙地正处于急速退化中。

基于POI的郑州市养老服务设施空间分布和利用效率分析

中国已经进入老龄化社会中国的人口老龄化具有速度快、差异大、高龄化趋势凸显等特征,给城市养老服务设施空间布局和社会福利保障带来新的挑战。河南省作为人口大省,人口老龄化程度加深,老年人口占比攀升,城乡养老差距大,郑州市作为河南省省会,人口排名省内第一。基于POI的郑州市养老服务设施空间分布和利用效率分析研究以河南省郑州市为研究范围,充分利用城市养老服务设施的POI(Point of Interest)数据并发挥其准确性高、可用于空间分析等特征,对各类养老服务设施空间分布进行可视化。此外,结合各区老年人口数,从供需是否匹配的角度分析养老服务设施供给水平和养老需求,从而获得其利用效率以及供给平衡度,并基于上述两个指标,建立分类标准对各区进行分类。从而为郑州市各区养老功能服务设施配置布局和优化提供对策。

Effects of salinity on survival,feeding behavior and growth of the juvenile swimming crab,Portunus trituberculatus(Miers,1876)

Effect of salinity on survival,feeding behavior and growth of juvenile swimming crab P ortunus trituberculatus was investigated under 5 salinity levels of 5,10,20,30 and 40. The results show that the crab juveniles fed 2 or 3 times at the salinity 20 and 30,each lasted for about 25 minutes,for a total feeding time of 73.2±22.65 minutes per day. At these salinities,there were significantly higher in the frequency of feeding and in total feeding time than those at lower salinities of 5 and 10. All crab juveniles moulted when reared at a salinity of 20 during the 5 days duration of the experiment,which is significantly higher than those at other salinities. All juveniles survived at salinity 20,and the survivorship was not significantly different from that at 30,but was signif icantly higher than those at other salinities. The crab juveniles reared at a salinity of 20 had the highest value of food ration of 0.190 8±0.011 3 g/g BW,average body weight gain of 0.796±0.128 g,gain rate of 87%–96%,and food conversion ratio of 1.20±0.09. There was no significant difference in the values found between 20 and 30 but these values were significantly lower than that at the other salinities( P> 0.05). Highest activities of digestive enzymes(Amylase,Protease,Lipase) and lowest activities of protective enzymes(SOD,PO,CAT) were also obtained on crab juveniles reared at salinity of 20.

The Demand Investigation and Suggestions of the Supply System of Preschool Education in Western Areas of China

Nowadays, preschool education has become the weak part of eduction. Thus, the supply system of preschool education has been heatedly discussed accordingly.This thesis makes some suggestions for the supply system innovation of preschool education in western areas, based on the sampling surveys in Yibin.

关键审计事项披露对审计风险影响效应探究

通过对审计事项进行披露可以提高审计报告的质量,对审计风险问题进行有效的应对和控制。基于此,本文先从审计事项的确定、数量、角色定位、披露角度等方面对关键审计事项披露的风险进行分析,再从供给维度、需求维度两个方面对降低审计风险的策略进行分析,从而保障审计报告结果更加的可靠。

Theoretical and numerical simulation of critical gas supply of refuge chamber

The personnel in refuge chamber absorb O_2 and exhale CO_2 all the time. Supplying O_2 and removing CO_2 are the basic function of refuge chamber. After disaster occurs, the supply of the compressed air or oxygen for personnel in refuge chamber is limited. Thus, how to effectively use the compressed air and oxygen and try to improve the time of supply has a great significance. Supplying more oxygen will result in waste, while supplying less oxygen will cause its concentration to be lower, and harm life safety. This research uses the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, finds critical gas supply for refuge chamber, and illuminates the change law of gas concentration with critical gas supply in refuge chamber,which provides theoretical guidance for effective use of compressed air and oxygen in refuge chamber.

New Approach to Ultracapacitor Technology： What it Can Offer to Electrified Vehicles

Novel carbon-carbon ultracapacitors and hybrid lithium-carbon devices are described. New approach to the design of electrode materials and electrochemical systems followed by the improved design of ultracapacitor cells and modules have resulted in prototypes of superior performance that was verified by independent tests in the Institute of Transportation Studies, UC （ultracapacitor） Davis, in JME Inc., in Wayne State University, and in some other labs. All the test results confirm the superlative performance of the devices developed： carbon-carbon ultracapacitors demonstrate the extremely low inner resistance resulting in the highest power capability and efficiency that also alleviates the cooling requirements and improves safety. Our ＂parallel＂ hybrid devices demonstrate substantially higher energy density than competing LIC （lithium ion capacitor） technologies keeping at the same time the high power density, comparable with the best carbon-carbon ultracapacitors available in the market. In order to make ultracapacitor technology even more attractive to automakers, new organic electrolytes （not ionic liquids） have been developed and are currently under testing at temperatures about 100 ℃ and voltages up to 3.0 V.

Examining the Impacts of China＇s Aging Population on Its Labor Suppl.y from the Labor Quality Perspective

On the basis of sufficient considerations to the attributes of China＇s development and uniqueness of population aging, this paper examines the overall impacts of China＇s population aging on labor supply in the four aspects of education level, skill level, work intensi（y and the share of working age population. Results indicate that despite the irreversibil#y in the decline of labor supply under the effect of intensifying degrees of population aging in the long run, this tendency will be weakened or slowed down by the improvement in labor quali^y. It is expected that China＇s real labor supply will not encounter a significant turning point by 2027, which is 12 years later than the occurrence of decline in nominal labor supply measured by labor quanti~

Design of Control Scheme for Variable Air Volume Air- conditioning System

The air quantity of variable air volume system for the rooms and the total air quantity of the system changes with the change of room load. Combined with the system composition in the laboratory, the paper determines the control scheme of the variable air volume system, that is, indoor temperature-control, indoor positive pressure control, air distribution static pressure control, air-supply temperature control and new air volume control. The dotted lines with arrows mean the output signals from the control unit to actuator, and the solid lines with arrows represent the input signals from the actuator to the control unit.

The analysis of Chinese cruise market

Based on outlining the current development situation of the world cruise market ,this paper investigates the market characteristics of the China＇s cruise in two areas： market supply and market demand. Currently, the supply of cruise tourism market include port infrastructure, cruise line, cruise companies and travel agencies. Demand in the market, with the perspective of domestic cruise tourists, discusses the structural characteristics of tourists, aspects consumption characteristics, route selection and visitor satisfaction and other characteristics. And from multiple perspectives analysis of the domestic cruise market problems, on this basis, we propose to strengthen the construction of port facilities, the implementation of cruise tourism promotion plan, effectively guide the development of domestic consumption cruise countermeasures.

全面两孩政策背景下江苏省儿科医生缺口数及预测研究

目的:研究"全面两孩"政策实施后,江苏省儿科医生实际缺乏数量和预测未来儿科医生缺口数量。方法:本研究基于需求供给维度角度,对江苏省2010—2015年各地区儿科医生需求数和缺口数进行测算,并利用GM(1,1)模型预测江苏省2016—2025年江苏省儿科医生需求数和缺口数。结果:测算结果显示2016年以后江苏省儿科医生缺口数快速增加,年平均增速达57.34%;江苏省各地区儿科医生资源配备不均衡,苏南地区医院儿科医生数匮乏,苏北地区基层儿科医生数匮乏。结论:本研究运用需求供给维度的方法将2011—2015年江苏省整体和13个地级市的儿科医生需求数和缺口数定量化,并且利用灰色模型预测2016—2025儿科医生缺口数。建议通过增加儿科医生薪酬待遇、扩大儿科专业招生规模和增加转岗人员执业能力等措施,增加儿科医生数量;并鼓励医学生走入苏北和基层,平衡全省儿科医生资源配置。

The Institutional Supply of China＇s Participation in the International Monetary System Reform

There exist dual features of internationalization and regionalization in the current international monetary system, and the U.S. dollar is still in a dominant position in the system. A lack of relevant institutional constraints has led to institutional deficiencies and systematic risks in the international monetary system, and resulted in the frequent financial crises in the world in recent years. As an emerging economy closely related to the current international monetary system, China has responsibilities and obligations to participate actively in international monetary system reform and push forward international monetary system reform through institutional supply.

Institutional Options for the Settlement of Administrative Disputes in China:From the Perspective of Public Demand

On the basis of data obtained from a comprehensive social survey across twenty- eight provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in 2005 （CGSS2005）, we have conducted quantitative empirical research on the distribution of administrative disputes and Chinese citizens’ purposive institutional choices in dealing with such disputes. Our study found that where administrative disputes are concerned, today’s Chinese citizens are by no means apathetic about the law. However, practical constraints mean that some of them resort to other means of dispute resolution than judicial or quasi-judicial procedures. In actuality, a two-track system exists in Chinese citizens’ resolution of administrative disputes; that is, they have the same level of demand for （quasi-） judicial channels and for Party/government channels in the resolution of disputes of this kind. In addition, different social groups show a great variety of preferences in terms of choice of channels for dealing with such disputes. On the basis of empirical research we argue for further reflection on the theory and methodology of this kind of research today and call on theoretical research and institution building to show a genuine understanding of and respect for citizens’ wishes.