The microvascular supply of the biliary tree, the peribiliary plexus （PBP）, stems from the hepatic artery branches and flows into the hepatic sinusoids. A detailed three-dimensional study of the PBP has been perform...The microvascular supply of the biliary tree, the peribiliary plexus （PBP）, stems from the hepatic artery branches and flows into the hepatic sinusoids. A detailed three-dimensional study of the PBP has been performed by using the Scanning Electron Microscopy vascular corrosion casts （SEMvcc） technique. Considering that the PBP plays a fundamental role in supporting the secretory and absorptive functions of the biliary epithelium, their organization in either normalcy and pathology is explored. The normal liver shows the PBP arranged around extra-and intrahepatic biliary tree. In the small portal tract PBP was characterized by a single layer of capillaries which progressively continued with the extrahepatic PBP where it showed a morecomplex vascular network. After common duct ligation （BDL）, progressive modifications of bile duct and PBP proliferation are observed. The PBP presents a three-dimensional network arranged around many bile ducts and appears as bundles of vessels, composed by capillaries of homogeneous diameter with a typical round mesh structure. The PBP network is easily distinguishable from the sinusoidal network which appears normal. Considering the enormous extension of the PBP during BDL, the possible role played by the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor （VEGF） is evaluated. VEGF-A,VEGF-C and their related receptors appeared highly immunopositive in proliferating cholangiocytes of BDL rats. The administration of anti-VEGF-A or anti-VEGF-C antibodies to BDL rats as well as hepatic artery ligation induced a reduced bile duct mass. The administration of rVEGF-A to BDL hepatic artery ligated rats prevented the decrease of cholangiocyte proliferation and VEGF-A expression as compared to BDL control rats. These data suggest the role of arterial blood supply of the biliary tree in conditions of cholangiocyte proliferation, such as it occurs during chronic cholestasis. On the other hand,the role played by VEGF as a tool of cross-talk between cholangiocytes and PBP endothelial cells suggests that manipulation of VEGF release and function could represent a therapeutic strategy for human pathological conditions characterized by damage of hepatic artery or the biliary tree.展开更多
On the basis of analysing traditional motor ignitor,a new motor ignitor design with precise ignition angle control,consistency and low cost is proposed. Techniques of low pertinence to process and power supply are int...On the basis of analysing traditional motor ignitor,a new motor ignitor design with precise ignition angle control,consistency and low cost is proposed. Techniques of low pertinence to process and power supply are introduced to promote its stability,reliability and unity. This circuit is implemented with a standard CMOS technology with perfect electric static discharge(ESD) design and can work under a broad range of power supply from 3 V^5 V with a quiescent current less than 2 mA and can be widely used in motor with a displacement of 125 ml and below.展开更多
This document in order to solve the problem of the supply imbalance of the home nursing service, it is necessary to make use of the decisive role of the price mechanism in the optimal allocation of resources in view o...This document in order to solve the problem of the supply imbalance of the home nursing service, it is necessary to make use of the decisive role of the price mechanism in the optimal allocation of resources in view of the shortage of the supply of old-age service in China, the low quality and the low supply of effective supply. Based on the economic attributes of public goods and personal belongings, this paper divides the old-age service into the old-age service of private property and the properties of public goods （pure public goods and quasi-public goods） according to the family status, economic status and health status of the clients. This paper explores the theoretical basis of price decision mechanism and effective supply of these two kinds of old-age services, and finally puts forward the concrete measures of the reform of the old-age service price in the light of the actual situation of the current pension service in our country.展开更多
The climate change and limitation of natural resources becomes main obstacle for the global economical development. So, the Vietnamese Government is very much concerned with reduction of harmful gas discharging from t...The climate change and limitation of natural resources becomes main obstacle for the global economical development. So, the Vietnamese Government is very much concerned with reduction of harmful gas discharging from the inland-water way ships. To overcome the problems, there are many counter-measures proposed such as： renovation of machinery and equipment, using re-creative energy and so on. The author＇s idea is to find a suitable method which can be applied on board of the inland-water ships to reduce discharging toxic gas by using blended palm oil as alternative fuel for marine diesel engines. Due to some disadvantages of the bended palm oil in comparison with traditional DO （diesel oil）, such as： low freezing point, high viscosity, low stability of blended fue, therefore somehow, the blended palm oil must be made a ship directly on board. With this idea, the author has designed and made agitate mixing equipment working on-line with fuel supply system of a diesel engine. The mixing equipment, then, has been tested at shore-side laboratory as well as on board ships. The research results showed that the fuel mixture （palm oil-DO） made by this mixing equipment is fully usable to replace traditional DO for marine diesel engines installed on board ships of inland water way in Vietnam. The Vietnamese Government accepted the research results as prerequisite to devise specific and practical action plans to reduce the pollution from the inland water way ships in coming years.展开更多
基金MIUR grants PRIN 2005 (prot. 2005067975_001) to E. Gaudio and Biomedicina, Cluster C04, Progetto n. 5 to E.Gaudio-P.Onori MIUR grants PRIN 2005 (prot.No: 2005067975_002) to D. Alvaro and a VA Research Scholar Award, a VA Merit Award and the NIH grants DK58411 and DK062975 to Gianfranco Alpini
文摘The microvascular supply of the biliary tree, the peribiliary plexus （PBP）, stems from the hepatic artery branches and flows into the hepatic sinusoids. A detailed three-dimensional study of the PBP has been performed by using the Scanning Electron Microscopy vascular corrosion casts （SEMvcc） technique. Considering that the PBP plays a fundamental role in supporting the secretory and absorptive functions of the biliary epithelium, their organization in either normalcy and pathology is explored. The normal liver shows the PBP arranged around extra-and intrahepatic biliary tree. In the small portal tract PBP was characterized by a single layer of capillaries which progressively continued with the extrahepatic PBP where it showed a morecomplex vascular network. After common duct ligation （BDL）, progressive modifications of bile duct and PBP proliferation are observed. The PBP presents a three-dimensional network arranged around many bile ducts and appears as bundles of vessels, composed by capillaries of homogeneous diameter with a typical round mesh structure. The PBP network is easily distinguishable from the sinusoidal network which appears normal. Considering the enormous extension of the PBP during BDL, the possible role played by the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor （VEGF） is evaluated. VEGF-A,VEGF-C and their related receptors appeared highly immunopositive in proliferating cholangiocytes of BDL rats. The administration of anti-VEGF-A or anti-VEGF-C antibodies to BDL rats as well as hepatic artery ligation induced a reduced bile duct mass. The administration of rVEGF-A to BDL hepatic artery ligated rats prevented the decrease of cholangiocyte proliferation and VEGF-A expression as compared to BDL control rats. These data suggest the role of arterial blood supply of the biliary tree in conditions of cholangiocyte proliferation, such as it occurs during chronic cholestasis. On the other hand,the role played by VEGF as a tool of cross-talk between cholangiocytes and PBP endothelial cells suggests that manipulation of VEGF release and function could represent a therapeutic strategy for human pathological conditions characterized by damage of hepatic artery or the biliary tree.
文摘On the basis of analysing traditional motor ignitor,a new motor ignitor design with precise ignition angle control,consistency and low cost is proposed. Techniques of low pertinence to process and power supply are introduced to promote its stability,reliability and unity. This circuit is implemented with a standard CMOS technology with perfect electric static discharge(ESD) design and can work under a broad range of power supply from 3 V^5 V with a quiescent current less than 2 mA and can be widely used in motor with a displacement of 125 ml and below.
文摘This document in order to solve the problem of the supply imbalance of the home nursing service, it is necessary to make use of the decisive role of the price mechanism in the optimal allocation of resources in view of the shortage of the supply of old-age service in China, the low quality and the low supply of effective supply. Based on the economic attributes of public goods and personal belongings, this paper divides the old-age service into the old-age service of private property and the properties of public goods （pure public goods and quasi-public goods） according to the family status, economic status and health status of the clients. This paper explores the theoretical basis of price decision mechanism and effective supply of these two kinds of old-age services, and finally puts forward the concrete measures of the reform of the old-age service price in the light of the actual situation of the current pension service in our country.
文摘The climate change and limitation of natural resources becomes main obstacle for the global economical development. So, the Vietnamese Government is very much concerned with reduction of harmful gas discharging from the inland-water way ships. To overcome the problems, there are many counter-measures proposed such as： renovation of machinery and equipment, using re-creative energy and so on. The author＇s idea is to find a suitable method which can be applied on board of the inland-water ships to reduce discharging toxic gas by using blended palm oil as alternative fuel for marine diesel engines. Due to some disadvantages of the bended palm oil in comparison with traditional DO （diesel oil）, such as： low freezing point, high viscosity, low stability of blended fue, therefore somehow, the blended palm oil must be made a ship directly on board. With this idea, the author has designed and made agitate mixing equipment working on-line with fuel supply system of a diesel engine. The mixing equipment, then, has been tested at shore-side laboratory as well as on board ships. The research results showed that the fuel mixture （palm oil-DO） made by this mixing equipment is fully usable to replace traditional DO for marine diesel engines installed on board ships of inland water way in Vietnam. The Vietnamese Government accepted the research results as prerequisite to devise specific and practical action plans to reduce the pollution from the inland water way ships in coming years.
