Smoking of tobacco products continues to be a major cause of worldwide health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that tobacco smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Smo...Smoking of tobacco products continues to be a major cause of worldwide health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that tobacco smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Smokers who are able to quit smoking can reduce their risk of pancreatic cancer by nearly 50% within two years, however, their risk of developing pancreatic cancer remains higher than that of non-smokers for 10 years. Nicotine is the major psychoactive substance in tobacco, and is responsible for tobacco dependence and addiction. Recent evidence suggests that individuals have genetically based differences in their ability to metabolize nicotine, as well as genetic differences in the psychological reward pathways that may influence individual response to smoking initiation, dependence, addiction and cessation. Numerous associations have been reported between smoking behavior and genetic polymorphisms in genes that are responsible for nicotine metabolism. In addition, polymorphisms in genes that encode neurotransmitters and transporters that function in psychological reward pathways have been implicated in differences in smoking behavior. However, there is a large degree of between-study variability that demonstrates the need for larger, well-controlled casecontrol studies to identify target genes and deduce mechanisms that account for the genetic basis of interindividual differences in smoking behavior. Understanding the genetic factors that increase susceptibility to tobacco addiction may result in more effective tobacco cessation programs which will, in turn, reduce the incidence of tobacco related disease, including pancreatic cancer.展开更多
To investigate the function of HLA-class Ⅱ genes in the autoimmune response of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM) , the HLA-class Ⅱ gene of IDDM patients was introduced into Ltk-cells with pSV2-neo plasmid,us...To investigate the function of HLA-class Ⅱ genes in the autoimmune response of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM) , the HLA-class Ⅱ gene of IDDM patients was introduced into Ltk-cells with pSV2-neo plasmid,using the calcium phosphate precipitation technique. We obtained a stable cell line expressing the HLA-class Ⅱ gene from lymphocytes of IDDM patients. Expression was identified by direct ox erythocyte-CrCl3-HLA DR monoclonal antibody rosetting.展开更多
This study focused on the way that Adolescents with Transfusion- dependent thalassemia explained negative or positive events in their life （Attributional Styles）. It is defined by three dimensions describing the cog...This study focused on the way that Adolescents with Transfusion- dependent thalassemia explained negative or positive events in their life （Attributional Styles）. It is defined by three dimensions describing the cognitive appraisal of the events： internal-external, stable-unstable, and global-specific. With cross-sectional research design, the observations consist of 102 adolescents （48 males, 54 females） who diagnosed with Transfusion-dependent thalassemia （more than 50 times for blood transfusions） completed the measure of Attributional Styles and Anxiety Questionnaires. The correlations in the predicted directions among variables examine with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, t-test, and One-way ANOVA to ascertain a significant between the group differences on attributional factors and levels of anxiety symptoms. The results show that Adolescent samples with higher levels of anxiety revealed statistically significant relationship among three negative attributional dimensions （overall composite F = 4.5, p 〈 0.05; negative composite F = 4.99, p 〈 0.01; negative-internality F = 4.99 p 〈 0.01; negative-stability F = 3.42, p 〈 0.05 and negative-globality F = 3.77, p 〈 0.05）. In addition, significant age- group differences were found for the total negative-globality （t = 2.05, p 〈 0.05） and negative- globality （t = -2.22, p 〈 0.05）. These data are consistent with the reformulated learned helplessness model of depression. In finding, the individuals who attribute negative life events to internal, stable, and global causes will be more vulnerable to anxiety than those who make external, unstable, and specific attributions. Most interestingly, those adolescents more than 17 years evidence more negative-globality attfibutional style than group less than 16 years, and female adolescents may influence this pattern. These results suggest that targeting Adolescents with Transfusion-dependent thalassemia may be important for improving aspect of coping on psychological adjustment to their chronic illness.展开更多
Objective. To study the associations of IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Methods. The polymorphisms of short tandem repeat (STR) loci D15S657, D11S1369, D6S2420 and D6S50...Objective. To study the associations of IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Methods. The polymorphisms of short tandem repeat (STR) loci D15S657, D11S1369, D6S2420 and D6S503, linked to IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 respectively, were studied by polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PCR- PAGE) followed by direct sequencing of PCR products in 105 normal Chinese Han nationality subjects and 48 patients with IDDM. Results. The allele frequencies of allele A5 at D15S657 locus, allele A5 at D11S1369 locus and allele A4 at D6S2420 locus were increased significantly in patients with IDDM compared to those in the control group. No difference in the allele frequencies at D6S503 locus was observed between IDDM and control group. Conclusion. IDDM3, IDDM4 , IDDM5 but not IDDM8 may be associated with IDDM in Chinese Han nationality population.展开更多
Estrogen deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for alveolar bone loss, but whether or not estrogen will influcence the bone rebuilting process during orthodontic tooth movement and what the mechanisms involved...Estrogen deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for alveolar bone loss, but whether or not estrogen will influcence the bone rebuilting process during orthodontic tooth movement and what the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The paper aims to provide new information that may elucidate the modulatory effect of estrogen on the bone-resorbing cytokines RANKL and its anti-resorptive factor OPG secrected by HPLFs which are already force-stimulated. The expression of OPG mRNA is rising after mechanical loading either with or without stimulated by estrogen before. But HPDL cells exposured to estrogen for 24 h before loaded tend to express more OPG mRNA. Compared with the no-estrogen group, the inhibit trend of RANKL mRNA is much more apparent in with-estrogen group. Moreover, estrogen and mechanic force time-dependently increased OPG expression and attenuated the RANKL expression.展开更多
文摘Smoking of tobacco products continues to be a major cause of worldwide health problems. Epidemiological studies have shown that tobacco smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. Smokers who are able to quit smoking can reduce their risk of pancreatic cancer by nearly 50% within two years, however, their risk of developing pancreatic cancer remains higher than that of non-smokers for 10 years. Nicotine is the major psychoactive substance in tobacco, and is responsible for tobacco dependence and addiction. Recent evidence suggests that individuals have genetically based differences in their ability to metabolize nicotine, as well as genetic differences in the psychological reward pathways that may influence individual response to smoking initiation, dependence, addiction and cessation. Numerous associations have been reported between smoking behavior and genetic polymorphisms in genes that are responsible for nicotine metabolism. In addition, polymorphisms in genes that encode neurotransmitters and transporters that function in psychological reward pathways have been implicated in differences in smoking behavior. However, there is a large degree of between-study variability that demonstrates the need for larger, well-controlled casecontrol studies to identify target genes and deduce mechanisms that account for the genetic basis of interindividual differences in smoking behavior. Understanding the genetic factors that increase susceptibility to tobacco addiction may result in more effective tobacco cessation programs which will, in turn, reduce the incidence of tobacco related disease, including pancreatic cancer.
文摘To investigate the function of HLA-class Ⅱ genes in the autoimmune response of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM) , the HLA-class Ⅱ gene of IDDM patients was introduced into Ltk-cells with pSV2-neo plasmid,using the calcium phosphate precipitation technique. We obtained a stable cell line expressing the HLA-class Ⅱ gene from lymphocytes of IDDM patients. Expression was identified by direct ox erythocyte-CrCl3-HLA DR monoclonal antibody rosetting.
文摘This study focused on the way that Adolescents with Transfusion- dependent thalassemia explained negative or positive events in their life （Attributional Styles）. It is defined by three dimensions describing the cognitive appraisal of the events： internal-external, stable-unstable, and global-specific. With cross-sectional research design, the observations consist of 102 adolescents （48 males, 54 females） who diagnosed with Transfusion-dependent thalassemia （more than 50 times for blood transfusions） completed the measure of Attributional Styles and Anxiety Questionnaires. The correlations in the predicted directions among variables examine with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, t-test, and One-way ANOVA to ascertain a significant between the group differences on attributional factors and levels of anxiety symptoms. The results show that Adolescent samples with higher levels of anxiety revealed statistically significant relationship among three negative attributional dimensions （overall composite F = 4.5, p 〈 0.05; negative composite F = 4.99, p 〈 0.01; negative-internality F = 4.99 p 〈 0.01; negative-stability F = 3.42, p 〈 0.05 and negative-globality F = 3.77, p 〈 0.05）. In addition, significant age- group differences were found for the total negative-globality （t = 2.05, p 〈 0.05） and negative- globality （t = -2.22, p 〈 0.05）. These data are consistent with the reformulated learned helplessness model of depression. In finding, the individuals who attribute negative life events to internal, stable, and global causes will be more vulnerable to anxiety than those who make external, unstable, and specific attributions. Most interestingly, those adolescents more than 17 years evidence more negative-globality attfibutional style than group less than 16 years, and female adolescents may influence this pattern. These results suggest that targeting Adolescents with Transfusion-dependent thalassemia may be important for improving aspect of coping on psychological adjustment to their chronic illness.
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.39993420).
文摘Objective. To study the associations of IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Methods. The polymorphisms of short tandem repeat (STR) loci D15S657, D11S1369, D6S2420 and D6S503, linked to IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 respectively, were studied by polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PCR- PAGE) followed by direct sequencing of PCR products in 105 normal Chinese Han nationality subjects and 48 patients with IDDM. Results. The allele frequencies of allele A5 at D15S657 locus, allele A5 at D11S1369 locus and allele A4 at D6S2420 locus were increased significantly in patients with IDDM compared to those in the control group. No difference in the allele frequencies at D6S503 locus was observed between IDDM and control group. Conclusion. IDDM3, IDDM4 , IDDM5 but not IDDM8 may be associated with IDDM in Chinese Han nationality population.
文摘Estrogen deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for alveolar bone loss, but whether or not estrogen will influcence the bone rebuilting process during orthodontic tooth movement and what the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The paper aims to provide new information that may elucidate the modulatory effect of estrogen on the bone-resorbing cytokines RANKL and its anti-resorptive factor OPG secrected by HPLFs which are already force-stimulated. The expression of OPG mRNA is rising after mechanical loading either with or without stimulated by estrogen before. But HPDL cells exposured to estrogen for 24 h before loaded tend to express more OPG mRNA. Compared with the no-estrogen group, the inhibit trend of RANKL mRNA is much more apparent in with-estrogen group. Moreover, estrogen and mechanic force time-dependently increased OPG expression and attenuated the RANKL expression.
