便秘型肠易激综合征新概念模型的建立

目的:以肠易激综合征(IBS)模型新概念建立一种便秘型IBS 大鼠模型,为IBS的研究提供新的条件. 方法:出生后4 wk Wistar大鼠,随机分为冰水灌胃组、常温水灌胃细及正常对照组.前两组每日分别给予冰水及常温水灌胃14 d,观察灌胃期间三组大鼠灌胃后3 h内和3- 24 h间的大便粒数及含水量变化,停止灌胃后继续观察14 d对应时间段的大便粒数及含水量变化以评价其便秘.28 d 观察结束后给予直肠内球囊扩张,测定引起腹部收缩反射的最小容量阈值及直肠内球囊不同容量扩张时腹部收缩反射的次数,评价其肠道对扩张刺激的敏感性.各组动物回盲部及结肠肥大细胞(MC)研究应用甲苯胺蓝染色、计数. 5-羟色胺(5-HT)在肠道的表达应用免疫组织化学染色及彩色病理图像分析系统进行半定量分析. 结果:冰水灌胃组大鼠灌胃后3h内大便粒数及含水量较常温水灌胃组和正常对照组明显增加(P<0.05);停止灌胃后三组大鼠对应时间段3h内大便粒数及含水量无明显差异(P>0.05). 冰水灌胃组前14 d灌胃后3-24 h间的大便粒数及含水量均较常温水灌胃组和正常对照组明显减少(P<0.05);停止灌胃后,此趋势继续保持至第28 d实验结束.直肠内球囊扩张时,冰水灌胃组引起腹部收缩的最小容量阈值略高于正常对照组,但统计学比较无明显差异(P>0.05).直肠球囊体积1.0 mL低容量扩张时冰水灌胃组3 min内腹部收缩反射次数明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);球囊体积1.5 mL, 2.0 mL高容量扩张时两组无明显差异(P>0.05).冰水灌胃组回盲部和结肠MC计数均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05).冰水灌胃组回盲部、结肠黏膜层5-HT阳性细胞的面积均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05). 结论:采用冰水灌胃法建立了大鼠便秘模型,该模型具有肠道敏感性降低、回盲部及结肠MC增多、5-HT阳性内分泌细胞增多,较好地模拟了人的C-IBS特征,显示了IBS 动物模型的新概念.

11042 EMEA反对Novartis公司的Zeln-orm

欧洲医药局（EMEA）的审评委员会建议反对批准瑞士大制药公司Novartis的Zelnorm（tegaserod）（Ⅰ）用于治疗妇女便秘性肠易激综合征（IBS—C）。该公司于2005年12月紧随这项建议后提出上诉，即在欧洲CHMP首次建议该欧洲委员会不批准该5羟色胺-4受体阻滞剂之后。

Discrepancies between the responses to skin prick test to food and respiratory antigens in two subtypes of patients with irritable bowel syndrome

AIM:To compare the response to skin prick tests (SPTs) to food antigens (FAs) and inhalant allergens (IAs) in patients with two subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and healthy controls. METHODS:We compared the results of SPTs for IAs and FAs in 87 volunteers divided into three groups:diarrhea predominant IBS (D-IBS) GroupⅠ(n = 19), constipation predominant IBS (C-IBS) Group Ⅱ (n = 17), and normal controls Group Ⅲ (n = 51). RESULTS:Of the 285 tests (171 for FAs and 114 for IAs) performed in GroupⅠwe obtained 45 (26.3%) positive responses for FA and 23 (20.1%) for IA. Of the 153 tests for FA in Group Ⅱ, we obtained 66 (20.1%) positive responses, and of the 102 tests for IA, we obtained 20 (19.6%) positive responses. Of the 459 tests for FA performed in Group Ⅲ, we obtained 39 (84%) positive responses, and of the 306 for IA, we obtained 52 (16.9%) positive responses. The numbers of positive responses were not significantly different between the three groups, but in the D-IBS group, the number of SPTFA responses differed significantly from those for the other two groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:Despite the small number of cases studied, the higher reactivity to FAs in GroupⅠcompared to Groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ adds new information, and suggests the presence of a possible alteration in intestinal epithelial function.