角膜保存的研究进展

自应用含有硫酸软骨素的K-液保存角膜发表后,近几年来,含有硫酸软骨素的各种保存基质相继问世。本文就CSM、Dexsol、Optisol的主要成分,保存效果等进行了综述,并且还就角膜供体保存过程生长因子的应用,及近年角膜内皮移植研究进行了阐述。

以无公害尸体保存液的研究

人体标本的固定保存是解剖教学准备工作的重点内容，目前解剖所用的尸体标本经防腐固定处理后，为避免水分蒸发、霉变和保持标本的柔软度等因素，尸体标本常常需要浸泡于7％甲醛＋2％苯酚的福尔马林保存溶液中进行湿式保存，效果虽好，

使移植器官获得新生的溶液

美国洛杉矶消息:一种器官保存溶液过去曾称为“厨房洗涤液”,它使越来越多的移植器官能被利用,并使受者能更从容地作移植前准备,也使移植器官通过商业运输运到移植中心成为可能。虽然,威斯康星大学的科学家不能完全确信是否他们制备的溶液(UW)的所有成份都是必须的,但他们很清楚,乳糖醛酸盐能预防细胞肿胀。

牛奶对脱位牙牙周膜细胞活性的影响

目的观察牙脱位后,保存在牛奶中,在不同的时间点牙周膜细胞的活性。方法采用正畸拔除的第1、第2双尖牙,拔除后立即放入牛奶中保存,在不同的时间点统计有活力牙周膜细胞的数量,并与干燥状态下保存的脱位牙有活性的牙周膜细胞数量进行比较。结果在不同时间点(0.5h～2h),牛奶中保存的脱位牙有活性的牙周膜细胞数量无显著性差异(P>0.05),与干燥状态下保存的脱位牙有活性的牙周膜细胞数量比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论牛奶是非常应用且有效的保存脱位牙的溶液。

Evaluation of CMU-1 preservation solutions using an isolated perfused rat liver model

AIM: CMU-1 is a new preservation solution with a low potassium concentration as well as low viscosity that is highly effective in reducing preservation injury. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the protective effect of CMU-1 solution with that of UW during cold preservation and normothermic reperfusion. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to different preservation solution: CMU-1 group and UW group. After 6, 12 and 24 h cold storage of rat liver in different preservation solutions, the isolated perfused rat liver model was applied to reperfuse the liver for 120 min normothermically (37 癈) with Krebs-Henseleit solution, meanwhile the pH value of the preservation solution was measured. The perfusate was sampled for the evaluation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). At the end of the reperfusion, all of the bile product was collected, energy metabolic substrate and histological examination were performed. RESULTS: After preserving for 6 h, pH value of both groups did not change; after 12 h, both decreased but with no significant difference. After 24 h, pH value in UW solution group significantly decreased. The total adenine nucleotides level and AEC in liver tissue decreased with preservation time, but they were higher in CMU-1 group. And the amount of bile product after perfusion for 120 min in CMU-1 group was much more than that in UW group. However, there were no significant differences in ALT and LDH levels between two groups. Histology showed no difference. CONCLUSION: The preservation effect of CMU-1 solution is similar with that of UW solution. However, CMU-1 solution shows some advantages over UW solution in energy metabolism, preventing intracellular acidosis and bile product.

Global Solution for Preserving Citrus Fruit Using Natural Treatments

Different tests were carried out to assess the efficiency of replacing plant protection products used at the main application points in citrus fruit packinghouses with natural treatments. The efficiency of an aqueous treatment containing potassium sorbate was found to significantly reduce decaying in Marisol mandarins previously inoculated with Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum. The same food preservative was used in conjunction with a fruit detergent and was applied on Washington Navel oranges and the reduction in the appearance of decaying was similar to that obtained using Guazatine. Finally, two different essential oils were tested. One was combined with a coating and the KS, whilst the other was applied as a fumigant. In the case of wax treatments, it was found that the combination of essential oil or KS with Imazalil at half the dose （0.1%） was equivalent to treatment with a higher dose of Imazalil （0.2%） thus making it possible to reduce the dose of plant protection products used without reducing decay control effectiveness. The treatment with a fumigant with essential oil has a level of efficiency similar to Imazalil against PI. These treatments can be considered a viable alternative to the use of plant protection products.

Cold-preserved human spermatozoa in electrolyte-free solution retain their pene-tration capacity

Objective: To evaluate penetration capacity of human sperm preserved in electrolyte-free (EF) solution at 4 ℃.Methods: The motility, acrosomal status penetration rate and fertility index of human sperm were assessed before and after cold-preservation in EF solution, respectively.Results: The motility of human sperm cold-preserved in EF solution for 1 week was significantly higher than that of human sperm cold-preserved in modified human tubal fluid (mHTF) (43.4%±7.9% vs 9.5%±2.5%, P<0.01 ).Although acrosomal status of human sperm cold-preserved in the EF solution before reinitiation was not different from those of the fresh sperm (capacitated sperm: 7.6%±1.8% vs 6.4±1.8%; acrosome-reacted sperm: 3.0%±1.7% vs 2.4±1.1%, P>0.05), the percentage of capacitated and acrosome-reacted sperm in the EF solution significantly increased after reinitiation (capacitated sperm: 16.0%±2.3% vs 7.6±1.8%, acrosome-reacted sperm: 9.4%±2.1% vs 3.0%±1.7%, P<0.01).The penetration rate and fertility index of cool-preserved human sperm in the EF solution were comparable with those of fresh sperm (48.1% vs 50.9%; 1.38±0.16 vs 1.29±0.13, respectively, P>0.05).Conclusion: Cold-preservation did not induce capacitation and acrosome reaction of human sperm in the EF solution, but human sperm cold-preserved in the EF solution for 1 week possesses as much penetration capacity as fresh sperm.

酶法测定胆固醇氧化酶方法的比较及优化

目的:结合目前使用的检测方法,改良简化酶法检测胆固醇氧化酶的方法。方法:采用有机溶剂加表面活性剂的方法来溶解胆固醇;利用Trinder反应原理,选用灵敏度更高的Toos作为色原物质检测酶活性;通过检测同一标准品,确定Toyobo方法与改良后方法的系数关系及线性范围。结果:选用乙醇作为有机溶剂,Triton X100作为表面活性剂,将胆固醇溶于无水乙醇,质量浓度为0.5%,Triton含量为15%;用改良后方法检测活性是Toyobo原方法的1.5倍,确定检测线性范围为0.1-0.2U/m L。结论:结合了Toyobo和季文明等人使用的方法的优势,采用乙醇加Triton配制胆固醇溶液,配制方法简便,试剂无毒害,结合Toos作为显色物质,检测灵敏度更高,提高了方法的简便性和安全性。