广东车八岭国家级自然保护区空气负离子水平及其主要影响因子

空气负离子(Negative air ion,NAI)是综合反映空气质量的重要指标,对人类的生活环境具有重大意义。该研究选定广东车八岭国家级自然保护区内10个典型观测点,在5月份(夏季)和10月份(秋季)进行NAI观测。结果表明:保护区内NAI浓度较高,均高于700个·cm^(-3);各观测点的NAI浓度基本呈现水体>森林>草坪>楼内的规律;秋季10个观测点的NAI浓度从高到低依次为博物馆旁河中央、漂流起点、小瀑布口、小瀑布支柱、针阔混交林、针叶林、博物馆前草坪、单竹坑、吊桥、办公楼内;观测点漂流起点、小瀑布口、小瀑布支柱、博物馆旁河中央的NAI水平与单竹坑、吊桥、博物馆前草坪、办公楼内、针阔混交林、针叶林均有显著差异。夏季各观测点的NAI浓度从高到低依次为小瀑布口、博物馆旁河中央、小瀑布支柱、漂流起点、针阔混交林、针叶林、单竹坑、博物馆前草坪、吊桥、办公楼内,其中观测点漂流起点、小瀑布口、小瀑布支柱、博物馆旁河中央显著高于其它地点,观测点针阔混交林、针叶林显著高于单竹坑、吊桥、博物馆前草坪、办公楼内,观测点办公楼内显著低于其他点。区内NAI浓度受到季节、水体、植被类型等因子的影响。

老渡口水电站工程对二蹬岩林麝、猕猴自然保护区生物资源影响分析

通过对二蹬岩林麝、猕猴省级自然保护区评价区域生物资源现状的调查,分析了水电站工程可能对生物资源造成的影响,并提出减少对生物资源不利影响的措施。

海南昌江核电厂低放废水排放物理模型试验研究

通过对海南昌江核电厂低放废水排放的扩散运动特性试验研究,预测了电厂低放废水排放对海域水质及附近珊瑚保护区的影响范围与程度,其成果可为工程设计与环境影响评价提供依据。

Microstructures and mechanical properties of a martensitic steel welded with flux-cored wires

This study was focused on wear-resistant material prepared by CO2 GMAW method to basically determine the alloys and hardfacing technology which could be employed into mining equipment. Three flux-cored wires with different chemical compositions, marked by DM-I, DM-II and DM-III were used in welding a martensitic steel for the comparison of the microstructures and mechanical properties of the welding metals and HAZ. The results show that DM-I weld metal contains martensite plus other reinforced phases, while both DM-II and DM-III alloys lead to mainly martensitic microstructures with little precipitates. Among all of the tested materials the DM-I alloy has the highest hardness and wear resistance but the lowest impact toughness among the experimental weld metals. Meanwhile, the hardness, impact toughness and wear resistance of the DM-II and DM-III alloys are close to those of the base metal but the DM-III is not as strong as DM-II. Dimples can be found on the impact fracture of the weld metals, but the steel fracture consists of both cleavage and dimples. Thus HAZ has less risk for cracking than the welds, and the DM-II wire which produces the weld having identical mechanical properties to the base metal is suitable for further application.

Coupling Relationship Analysis on Households′ Production Behaviors and Their Influencing Factors in Nature Reserves:A Structural Equation Model

A households′production behavior directly influences the quality of the environment and determines the successful development of nature reserves.Meanwhile,the households′production behaviors are complicated by interrelated factors,such as protection attitudes,resource endowment,and family wealth.This research evaluated households near the Crested Ibis National Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province,acquiring data from 436 households around Yang County and Ningshan County in the south slope of Qinling Mountains,China.Based on the collected data,we developed a structural equation model to evaluate the coupling relationships among households′ protection attitudes,production behaviors,resource endowment,and family wealth.The results showed that:1) households with great resource endowment had more negative attitudes,probably due to their greater protection costs;2) the households with higher education levels had worse protection attitudes;3) the households with more family wealth were likely to use fewer fertilizers,pesticides,and firewood;4) the households with more resource endowment showed less production and management behaviors;5) the enhancement of households' attitudes improved production behaviors to protection the environment,but the effects were not statistically significant.Our results provide a basis for the government's protection policy making,exploring the effective management measures that are beneficial for both nature reserve management and community development.