在诸多物联网实际应用中,原始采集信号数据多含有大量噪声,特别是在运动相关场景里.需从含大量噪声的一维时序信号中对有效信号活动区域起止点进行准确识别,以支持相关分析.已有的基于双阈值规则的识别方法对噪声十分敏感,噪声的存在会...在诸多物联网实际应用中,原始采集信号数据多含有大量噪声,特别是在运动相关场景里.需从含大量噪声的一维时序信号中对有效信号活动区域起止点进行准确识别,以支持相关分析.已有的基于双阈值规则的识别方法对噪声十分敏感,噪声的存在会导致计算出的识别阈值无法匹配非噪声段的原始数据,从而导致将随机噪声数据识别为信号活动区间或者漏检信号活动区间.基于机器学习和深度学习的识别方法需要大量的样本数据,在样本量较小的物联网场景中模型会产生欠拟合问题,从而降低识别精度.为了对含有大量噪声且数据量少的一维时序信号中的信号活动区间进行准确识别,提出了一种基于局部动态阈值的信号活动区间识别方法EasiLTOM(signal activity interval recognition based on local dynamic threshold).该方法基于局域信号计算识别阈值,并使用最短信号长度对噪声尖峰进行过滤,可避免随机噪声对信号活动区间识别的影响,解决漏检和误检问题,从而提高识别精度.此外,EasiLTOM方法所需数据量小,适用于数据稀少的物联网场景.为验证EasiLTOM方法的有效性,该研究于3个月间采集了14人次的表面肌电数据,并使用2个公开数据集进行了对比实验.结果表明:EasiLTOM方法对信号活动区间可达到平均93.17%的识别精度,相对于现有的双阈值和机器学习方法,分别提升了15.03%和4.70%,在运动分析相关场景中具有实用价值.展开更多
An underactuated finger structure actuated by tendon-driven system is presented.Kinematics and static analysis of the finger is done,and the results indicate that the prosthetic finger structure is effective and feasi...An underactuated finger structure actuated by tendon-driven system is presented.Kinematics and static analysis of the finger is done,and the results indicate that the prosthetic finger structure is effective and feasible.Based on the design of finger,a prosthetic hand is designed.The hand is composed of 5 independent fingers and it looks more like humanoid.Its size is about 85% of an adult's hand and weights about 350 g.Except the thumb finger,each finger is actuated by one DC motor,gear head and a tendon,and has three curling/extension joints.The thumb finger which is different from other existing prostheses is a novel design scheme.The thumb finger has four joints including three curling/extension joints and a joint which is used to realize the motion of the thumb related to the palm,and these joints are also driven by one DC motor,harmonic drive and a tendon.The underactuation and adaptive curling/extension motion of the finger are realized by joint torsion springs.A high-powered chip of digital signal processing(DSP)is the main part of the electrical system which is used for the motors control,data collection,communication with external controlling source,and so on.To improve the reliability of the hand,structures and sensors are designed and made as simply as possible.The hand has strong manipulation capabilities that have been verified by finger motion and grasping tests and it can satisfy the daily operational needs and psychological needs of deformities.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of various concentrations of tetrandrine on activation of quiescent rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in vitro.METHODS: HSCs were iso...AIM: To investigate the effect of various concentrations of tetrandrine on activation of quiescent rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in vitro.METHODS: HSCs were isolated from rats by in situperfusion of liver and 18% Nycodenz gradient centrifugation, and primarily cultured on uncoated plastic plates for 24 hwith DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS/DMEM) before the culture medium was substituted with 2% FBS/DMEM for another 24 h. Then, the HSCs were cultured in 2% FBS/DMEM with tetrandrine (0.25, 0.5, 1,2 mg/L, respectively). Cell morphological features were observed under an inverted microscope, smooth muscleα-actin (α-SMA) was detected by immunocytochemistry and image analysis system, laminin (LN) and type Ⅲprocollagen (PCⅢ) in supernatants were determined byradioimmunoassay. TGF-β1 mRNA, Smad 7 mRNA and Smad 7 protein were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively.RESULTS: Tetrandrine at the concentrations of 0.25-2 mg/L prevented morphological transformation of HSC from the quiescent state to the activated one, while α-SMA, LN and PCⅢ expressions were inhibited. As estimated by gray values, the expression of α-SMA in tetrandrine groups (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/L) was reduced from 21.3% to 42.2%(control: 0.67, tetrandrine groups: 0.82, 0.85, 0.96, or 0.96, respectively, which were statistically different from the control, P＜0.01), and the difference was more significant in tetrandrine at 1 and 2 mg/L. The content of LN in supernatants was significantly decreased in tetrandrine groups to 58.5%, 69.1%, 65.8% or 60.0% that of the control respectively, and that of PCⅢ to 84.6%, 81.5%,75.7% or 80.7% respectively (P＜0.05 vs control), with no significant difference among tetrandrine groups. RTPCR showed that TGF-β1 mRNA expression was reduced by tetrandrine treatments from 56.56% to 87.90% in comparison with the control, while Smad 7 mRNA was increased 1.4-4.8 times. The TGF-β1 mRNA and Smad 7 mRNA expression was in a significant negative correlation (r= -0.755, P＜0.01), and both were significantly correlated with α-SMA protein expression (r = -0.938, P＜0.01;r = 0.938, P＜0.01, respectively). The up-regulation of Smad 7 protein by tetrandrine (1 mg/L)was confirmed by Western blotting as well.CONCLUSION: Tetrandrine has a direct inhibiting effect on the activation of rat HSCs in culture. It up-regulates the expression of Smad 7 which in turn blocks TGF-β1 expression and signaling.展开更多
In this paper,an embedded real-time control system for automatic rotor balancing was studied.Benefiting from the modular design,this system can be easily re-constituted or expanded under different working conditions.T...In this paper,an embedded real-time control system for automatic rotor balancing was studied.Benefiting from the modular design,this system can be easily re-constituted or expanded under different working conditions.The special designed hardware resists harsh environment.As an embedded application,it was very important to save system consumptions on both hardware and software,so the algorithms for unbalance vibration identification and attenuation were deduced,meantime a unified fast algorithm structure was achieved through the geometric analysis.Based on this structure,the signal processing algorithm was tested by an open data source,while the control algorithm was simulated using a basic rotor model,and then connected to a hyper gravity machine running online auto-balancing.The result confirms that the unbalancing vibration is effectively restrained.展开更多
文摘在诸多物联网实际应用中,原始采集信号数据多含有大量噪声,特别是在运动相关场景里.需从含大量噪声的一维时序信号中对有效信号活动区域起止点进行准确识别,以支持相关分析.已有的基于双阈值规则的识别方法对噪声十分敏感,噪声的存在会导致计算出的识别阈值无法匹配非噪声段的原始数据,从而导致将随机噪声数据识别为信号活动区间或者漏检信号活动区间.基于机器学习和深度学习的识别方法需要大量的样本数据,在样本量较小的物联网场景中模型会产生欠拟合问题,从而降低识别精度.为了对含有大量噪声且数据量少的一维时序信号中的信号活动区间进行准确识别,提出了一种基于局部动态阈值的信号活动区间识别方法EasiLTOM(signal activity interval recognition based on local dynamic threshold).该方法基于局域信号计算识别阈值,并使用最短信号长度对噪声尖峰进行过滤,可避免随机噪声对信号活动区间识别的影响,解决漏检和误检问题,从而提高识别精度.此外,EasiLTOM方法所需数据量小,适用于数据稀少的物联网场景.为验证EasiLTOM方法的有效性,该研究于3个月间采集了14人次的表面肌电数据,并使用2个公开数据集进行了对比实验.结果表明:EasiLTOM方法对信号活动区间可达到平均93.17%的识别精度,相对于现有的双阈值和机器学习方法,分别提升了15.03%和4.70%,在运动分析相关场景中具有实用价值.
基金Project(2008AA04Z203)supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘An underactuated finger structure actuated by tendon-driven system is presented.Kinematics and static analysis of the finger is done,and the results indicate that the prosthetic finger structure is effective and feasible.Based on the design of finger,a prosthetic hand is designed.The hand is composed of 5 independent fingers and it looks more like humanoid.Its size is about 85% of an adult's hand and weights about 350 g.Except the thumb finger,each finger is actuated by one DC motor,gear head and a tendon,and has three curling/extension joints.The thumb finger which is different from other existing prostheses is a novel design scheme.The thumb finger has four joints including three curling/extension joints and a joint which is used to realize the motion of the thumb related to the palm,and these joints are also driven by one DC motor,harmonic drive and a tendon.The underactuation and adaptive curling/extension motion of the finger are realized by joint torsion springs.A high-powered chip of digital signal processing(DSP)is the main part of the electrical system which is used for the motors control,data collection,communication with external controlling source,and so on.To improve the reliability of the hand,structures and sensors are designed and made as simply as possible.The hand has strong manipulation capabilities that have been verified by finger motion and grasping tests and it can satisfy the daily operational needs and psychological needs of deformities.
基金Supported by the College Science and Technology Developing Foundation of Shanghai, No. 02BK14
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of various concentrations of tetrandrine on activation of quiescent rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling in vitro.METHODS: HSCs were isolated from rats by in situperfusion of liver and 18% Nycodenz gradient centrifugation, and primarily cultured on uncoated plastic plates for 24 hwith DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS/DMEM) before the culture medium was substituted with 2% FBS/DMEM for another 24 h. Then, the HSCs were cultured in 2% FBS/DMEM with tetrandrine (0.25, 0.5, 1,2 mg/L, respectively). Cell morphological features were observed under an inverted microscope, smooth muscleα-actin (α-SMA) was detected by immunocytochemistry and image analysis system, laminin (LN) and type Ⅲprocollagen (PCⅢ) in supernatants were determined byradioimmunoassay. TGF-β1 mRNA, Smad 7 mRNA and Smad 7 protein were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively.RESULTS: Tetrandrine at the concentrations of 0.25-2 mg/L prevented morphological transformation of HSC from the quiescent state to the activated one, while α-SMA, LN and PCⅢ expressions were inhibited. As estimated by gray values, the expression of α-SMA in tetrandrine groups (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mg/L) was reduced from 21.3% to 42.2%(control: 0.67, tetrandrine groups: 0.82, 0.85, 0.96, or 0.96, respectively, which were statistically different from the control, P＜0.01), and the difference was more significant in tetrandrine at 1 and 2 mg/L. The content of LN in supernatants was significantly decreased in tetrandrine groups to 58.5%, 69.1%, 65.8% or 60.0% that of the control respectively, and that of PCⅢ to 84.6%, 81.5%,75.7% or 80.7% respectively (P＜0.05 vs control), with no significant difference among tetrandrine groups. RTPCR showed that TGF-β1 mRNA expression was reduced by tetrandrine treatments from 56.56% to 87.90% in comparison with the control, while Smad 7 mRNA was increased 1.4-4.8 times. The TGF-β1 mRNA and Smad 7 mRNA expression was in a significant negative correlation (r= -0.755, P＜0.01), and both were significantly correlated with α-SMA protein expression (r = -0.938, P＜0.01;r = 0.938, P＜0.01, respectively). The up-regulation of Smad 7 protein by tetrandrine (1 mg/L)was confirmed by Western blotting as well.CONCLUSION: Tetrandrine has a direct inhibiting effect on the activation of rat HSCs in culture. It up-regulates the expression of Smad 7 which in turn blocks TGF-β1 expression and signaling.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50635010)
文摘In this paper,an embedded real-time control system for automatic rotor balancing was studied.Benefiting from the modular design,this system can be easily re-constituted or expanded under different working conditions.The special designed hardware resists harsh environment.As an embedded application,it was very important to save system consumptions on both hardware and software,so the algorithms for unbalance vibration identification and attenuation were deduced,meantime a unified fast algorithm structure was achieved through the geometric analysis.Based on this structure,the signal processing algorithm was tested by an open data source,while the control algorithm was simulated using a basic rotor model,and then connected to a hyper gravity machine running online auto-balancing.The result confirms that the unbalancing vibration is effectively restrained.
