目的:研究丹皮酚对强直性脊柱炎(AS)模型小鼠分泌型糖蛋白(Wnt)和骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/细胞信号转导分子(Smad)通路的影响,探讨丹皮酚防治AS的机制。方法:将40只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、柳氮磺吡啶组(阳性对照,9 mg/kg)和丹皮酚组(...目的:研究丹皮酚对强直性脊柱炎(AS)模型小鼠分泌型糖蛋白(Wnt)和骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/细胞信号转导分子(Smad)通路的影响,探讨丹皮酚防治AS的机制。方法:将40只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、柳氮磺吡啶组(阳性对照,9 mg/kg)和丹皮酚组(3 mg/kg),每组10只。除正常组外的其余各组小鼠均采用完全弗氏佐剂+蛋白聚糖腹腔注射法复制AS模型。各给药组小鼠在成模后灌胃相应药物,正常组和模型组小鼠灌胃等体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续20 d。末次给药后处死小鼠,透射电镜下观察各组小鼠骶髂关节滑膜细胞超微病理结构变化,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、Wnt信号通路病理性骨化相关因子(DKK-1)含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法检测小鼠滑膜组织中骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)、细胞内核心结合因子α1(Cbfα1)、Smad1 m RNA表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量明显增加、DKK-1含量明显减少,滑膜组织中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);电镜下可见模型组小鼠滑膜细胞增生,排列紊乱,分泌活性细胞器分泌亢进,细胞间隙增宽。与模型组比较,柳氮磺吡啶组和丹皮酚组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量均明显减少,丹皮酚组小鼠血清中DKK-1含量明显增加,滑膜组织中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);电镜下可见丹皮酚组小鼠滑膜细胞线粒体、溶酶体、粗面内质网的形态明显改善。结论:丹皮酚防治AS的机制可能与降低血清中TNF-α含量、升高血清中DKK-1含量,下调滑膜细胞中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达,抑制Wnt和BMP/Smad骨化相关信号转导通路逆转滑膜细胞成骨分化有关。展开更多
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biologica...Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biological processes due to their capability of simple, accurate and real time quantification. The FPs-based molecular and visible quantification tools are giving more impact on bioprocess engineering, enabling the biomolecule-level dynamic information to be linked with the process-level events. In this review, different applications of FPs in biological engineering with emphasis on rapid molecular bioprocess quantification, such as quantification of the transcription efficiency, the protein production, the protein folding efficiency, the cell concentration, the intracellular microenvironments and so on, would be first introduced. The challenges of using FPs with respect to actual bioprocess applications for the precise quantification including the interaction of FPs and the fused partner proteins, the maturation of FPs, the inner filter effect and sensing technology were then discussed. Finally, the future development for the FPs used in molecular bioprocess quantification would be proposed.展开更多
We cloned and characterized a rice gene OsBIABPI encoding an AMP-binding protein. The full-length cDNA of OsBIABP1 is 1912-bp long and is predicted to encode a 558-aa protein. OsBIABP1 contains a typical AMP-binding s...We cloned and characterized a rice gene OsBIABPI encoding an AMP-binding protein. The full-length cDNA of OsBIABP1 is 1912-bp long and is predicted to encode a 558-aa protein. OsBIABP1 contains a typical AMP-binding signature motif and shows high similarity to members of AMP-binding protein family. OsBIABP1 is expressed in stems, leaves and flowers of rice plants, but is not expressed, or expressed at a very low level, in rice roots. The expression of OsBIABP1 was induced by some defense-related signal molecules, e.g., salicylic acid （SA）, benzothiadiazole, jasmonic acid （JA）, and 1-amino cyclopropane- 1-carboxylic acid, which mediate SA- and JA/ethylene （ET）-dependent defense signaling pathways, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of OsBIABP1 is activated by the infection ofMagnaporthe oryzae, and the induced expression is quicker and stronger during early stages ofpathogenesis in incompatible interaction than that in compatible interaction between rice and M. oryzae. Our results suggest that OsBIABP1 may be a defense-related AMP-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of defense response through SA and/or JA/ET signaling pathways.展开更多
The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numb...The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numbers of components in visual transduction machinery have been identified. Based on the functional characterization of these genes, a model for Drosophila phototransduction has been outlined, including rhodopsin activation, phosphoinoside signaling, and the opening of TRP and TRPL channels. Recently, the characterization of mutants, showing slow termination, revealed the physiological significance and the mechanism of rapid termination of light response.展开更多
文摘目的:研究丹皮酚对强直性脊柱炎(AS)模型小鼠分泌型糖蛋白(Wnt)和骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/细胞信号转导分子(Smad)通路的影响,探讨丹皮酚防治AS的机制。方法:将40只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、柳氮磺吡啶组(阳性对照,9 mg/kg)和丹皮酚组(3 mg/kg),每组10只。除正常组外的其余各组小鼠均采用完全弗氏佐剂+蛋白聚糖腹腔注射法复制AS模型。各给药组小鼠在成模后灌胃相应药物,正常组和模型组小鼠灌胃等体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续20 d。末次给药后处死小鼠,透射电镜下观察各组小鼠骶髂关节滑膜细胞超微病理结构变化,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、Wnt信号通路病理性骨化相关因子(DKK-1)含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法检测小鼠滑膜组织中骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)、细胞内核心结合因子α1(Cbfα1)、Smad1 m RNA表达。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量明显增加、DKK-1含量明显减少,滑膜组织中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);电镜下可见模型组小鼠滑膜细胞增生,排列紊乱,分泌活性细胞器分泌亢进,细胞间隙增宽。与模型组比较,柳氮磺吡啶组和丹皮酚组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量均明显减少,丹皮酚组小鼠血清中DKK-1含量明显增加,滑膜组织中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);电镜下可见丹皮酚组小鼠滑膜细胞线粒体、溶酶体、粗面内质网的形态明显改善。结论:丹皮酚防治AS的机制可能与降低血清中TNF-α含量、升高血清中DKK-1含量,下调滑膜细胞中BMP-2、Cbfα1和Smad1 m RNA表达,抑制Wnt和BMP/Smad骨化相关信号转导通路逆转滑膜细胞成骨分化有关。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20836004 20806046） the Special Fund for Major State Basic Research Program of China （2009CB724702） the National High Technology Research and Development Program ofChina （2009AA062903）
文摘Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants /homolog proteins are generally called as GFP-like fluorescent proteins (FPs), which are widely used as visible molecular tools for monitoring a wide range of biological processes due to their capability of simple, accurate and real time quantification. The FPs-based molecular and visible quantification tools are giving more impact on bioprocess engineering, enabling the biomolecule-level dynamic information to be linked with the process-level events. In this review, different applications of FPs in biological engineering with emphasis on rapid molecular bioprocess quantification, such as quantification of the transcription efficiency, the protein production, the protein folding efficiency, the cell concentration, the intracellular microenvironments and so on, would be first introduced. The challenges of using FPs with respect to actual bioprocess applications for the precise quantification including the interaction of FPs and the fused partner proteins, the maturation of FPs, the inner filter effect and sensing technology were then discussed. Finally, the future development for the FPs used in molecular bioprocess quantification would be proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30771399)the High-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2007AA10Z140)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20070335111)
文摘We cloned and characterized a rice gene OsBIABPI encoding an AMP-binding protein. The full-length cDNA of OsBIABP1 is 1912-bp long and is predicted to encode a 558-aa protein. OsBIABP1 contains a typical AMP-binding signature motif and shows high similarity to members of AMP-binding protein family. OsBIABP1 is expressed in stems, leaves and flowers of rice plants, but is not expressed, or expressed at a very low level, in rice roots. The expression of OsBIABP1 was induced by some defense-related signal molecules, e.g., salicylic acid （SA）, benzothiadiazole, jasmonic acid （JA）, and 1-amino cyclopropane- 1-carboxylic acid, which mediate SA- and JA/ethylene （ET）-dependent defense signaling pathways, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of OsBIABP1 is activated by the infection ofMagnaporthe oryzae, and the induced expression is quicker and stronger during early stages ofpathogenesis in incompatible interaction than that in compatible interaction between rice and M. oryzae. Our results suggest that OsBIABP1 may be a defense-related AMP-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of defense response through SA and/or JA/ET signaling pathways.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30970663 and 31070683)New-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the State Education CommissionYouth Foundation of Southeast University to J. H.
文摘The Drosophila visual transduction is the fastest known G protein-coupled signaling cascade and has been served as a model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of other G protein-coupled signaling cascades. Numbers of components in visual transduction machinery have been identified. Based on the functional characterization of these genes, a model for Drosophila phototransduction has been outlined, including rhodopsin activation, phosphoinoside signaling, and the opening of TRP and TRPL channels. Recently, the characterization of mutants, showing slow termination, revealed the physiological significance and the mechanism of rapid termination of light response.
