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信息矩阵方法在山洪灾害风险预警中的应用 被引量:2
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作者 叶金印 刘静 +1 位作者 杨祖祥 李致家 《计算机工程与应用》 CSCD 北大核心 2017年第14期240-245,共6页
山洪灾害风险预警指标的确定是防洪减灾工作中的关键技术问题,但由于山洪实测资料序列较短且山洪灾害样本量较小,难以采用传统的统计模型建立山洪灾害风险预警指标。任何统计模型其本质是建立输入-输出关系,在数学上可以用函数关系表达... 山洪灾害风险预警指标的确定是防洪减灾工作中的关键技术问题,但由于山洪实测资料序列较短且山洪灾害样本量较小,难以采用传统的统计模型建立山洪灾害风险预警指标。任何统计模型其本质是建立输入-输出关系,在数学上可以用函数关系表达,信息矩阵方法能够从小样本获得信息并建立这种函数关系。利用淠河流域历史降水与流量极值资料,将2003—2012年17次典型洪水过程作为学习样本,构建流域前期土壤含水量饱和度、5个时间尺度(1,3,6,12,24 h)降雨量以及4个重现期(<5、≥5、≥20、≥50 a)洪峰流量的模糊关系矩阵,进而建立山洪灾害风险预警不同等级组合指标。从2003—2012年洪水资料中选取未参与统计的40组独立样本,对不同时间尺度山洪灾害风险预警组合指标进行应用检验,总体预警合格率达到70%,表明该方法应用于山洪灾害风险预警是可行的。 展开更多
关键词 信息矩阵方法 信息分配 山洪灾害 风险预警 淠河流域
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An interval effective independence method for optimal sensor placement based on non-probabilistic approach 被引量:6
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作者 YANG Chen LU ZiXing 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第2期186-198,共13页
This paper presents an interval effective independence method for optimal sensor placement, which contains uncertain structural information. To overcome the lack of insufficient statistic description of uncertain para... This paper presents an interval effective independence method for optimal sensor placement, which contains uncertain structural information. To overcome the lack of insufficient statistic description of uncertain parameters, this paper treats uncertainties as non-probability intervals. Based on the iterative process of classical effective independence method, the proposed study considers the eliminating steps with uncertain cases. Therefore, this method with Fisher information matrix is extended to interval numbers, which could conform to actual engineering. As long as we know the bounds of uncertainties, the interval Fisher information matrix could be obtained conveniently by interval analysis technology. Moreover, due to the definition and calculation of the interval relationship, the possibilities of eliminating candidate sensors in each iterative process and the final layout of sensor placement are both presented in this paper. Finally, two numerical examples, including a five-storey shear structure and a truss structure are proposed respectively in this paper. Compared with Monte Carlo simulation, both of them can indicate the veracity of the interval effective independence method. 展开更多
关键词 optimal sensor placement interval effective independence method non-probabilistic approach interval Fisher information matrix interval possibility
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Two examples of using physical mechanics approach to evaluate colloidal stability 被引量:2
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作者 SUN ZhiWei XU ShengHua 《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第6期933-939,共7页
Since Mr.Tsien brought up his idea of physical mechanics,as a new field in engineering science,to public attention in the early 50's of the 20th century,innumerable application examples of physical mechanics appro... Since Mr.Tsien brought up his idea of physical mechanics,as a new field in engineering science,to public attention in the early 50's of the 20th century,innumerable application examples of physical mechanics approach in diverse fields have manifested its strong vitality increasingly.One of important aspects in applications of physical mechanics is to appropriately choose the microscopic quantity for the system in consideration and build a bridge to connect its relevant microscopic information to its desired macroscopic properties.We present two unique cases of using the physical mechanics approach to study colloidal stability.In the first case we measured the outcomes from artificially induced collisions at individual particle levels,by means of directly observing artificially induced collisions with the aid of optical tweezers.In the second case,by using T-matrix method,the microscopic quantity extinction cross section of the doublet can be accurately evaluated and therefore the measurement range and accuracy of the turbidity methodology for determining the CRC are greatly improved. 展开更多
关键词 physical mechanics colloidal stability colloidal aggregation
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