一种低修改率的视频隐写方法

基于运动矢量和矩阵编码的视频隐写方法存在运动矢量修改率过高的问题。为此,提出一种低修改率的视频隐写方法。按照H.264标准进行视频编码,通过预先定义的阈值选取幅值较大的运动矢量,根据相位角选取合适的运动分量,利用该分量在运动矢量中嵌入秘密信息,使用矩阵编码降低运动矢量的修改率。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的载体数据利用率、较低的载体数据修改率和计算复杂度。

降低调度操作票修改率的措施及效果

在电力调度工作中,调度误操作时有发生,如何有效地扼杀误调度事故发生的隐患,成为调度管理人员的重点工作。介绍一种拟票管理办法,通过制定拟票流程、开发拟票辅助工具的小程序、滚动修改相应运行资料等措施,用以降低操作票的修改率。

PDCA方法在降低报告单审核后修改率中的应用

目的:运用PDCA管理方法降低检验报告单审核后的修改率效果,探讨PDCA质量管理方式在检验科的应用。方法:从2014年5~12月报告单共852312人次为实施前组;从2015年1~8月各组检验报告单共832589人次为实施后组。实施后组按PDCA循环质量控制进行管理,按月统计分析报告单的修改率,分析修改原因,并制定相应整改措施。结果:利用LIS系统统计功能进行统计分析。实施前总修改率为0.93%,实施后总修改率为0.41%,且修改率呈每月递减趋势,其中2015年8月报告单共109659人次,修改率为0.19%。结论:检验报告修改率从整改前的0.93%降至2015年8月的0.19%,下降效果明显,运用PDCA管理方法,可以明显降低检验报告审核后修改率,初步达到科室质控管理目标。

作文自动评价系统对高中生写作错误修改的影响及其教学启示

本研究以批改网为例,以高中生英语作文为语料,探究了作文自动评价系统对不同类别错误的反馈准确率,以及在批改网纠错性反馈的影响下,高中生对不同类别错误的成功修改率。研究发现,批改网反馈准确率与错误类别等有关,批改网反馈能帮助学生成功修改多数错误,学生的成功修改率跟错误类别和批改网反馈方式等有关。本研究认为,教师应充分发挥主导作用,有机结合自动评价、同伴互评和师评,结合个体反馈和集体反馈,结合直接反馈和间接反馈,以充分发挥自动评价系统的优势,有效提升学生写作水平。

一种基于DNA序列的数据隐藏方案

现有利用DNA序列特殊性质进行数据隐藏的方案,多数存在载体DNA序列长度被改变及修改率较高的缺点。为此,提出一种新的数据隐藏方案。使用核苷酸互补规则及建立在互补规则和秘密比特位数之间的单射关系,利用2个改变的核苷酸间距离比特的位数来表示隐藏的秘密数据。该方案的容量与所隐藏的秘密数据相关,平均容量较高。安全性分析及实验结果表明,该方案未增加载体DNA长度并且具有较低的修改率,可保证接收者所获得DNA序列的质量。与替代法和插入法相比,安全性较高。

智能审核在常规生化检验中的应用研究

目的 以实验信息管理系统(LIS)为依托建立并完善智能审核系统,应用于常规生化检验,缩短实验室检验报告流转时间(TAT),降低报告差错率。方法 由专业工作人员进行智能审核规则的制定、验证和持续改进。统计分析系统应用前后TAT及报告单修改率。结果 按患者类型分析,体检及门诊样本通过率最高,通过率较低的为肾内科、儿科等科室;智能审核系统运行后,门诊标本的实验室检验报告流转时间(TAT)第90百分位数由20分钟缩短至13分钟;住院标本的实验室检验报告流转时间(TAT)第90百分位数由40分钟缩短至29分钟;报告单修改率由0.13%降低至0.07%。结论 实验室应用检验报告智能审核系统可有效缩短实验室检验报告流转时间,降低报告差错率。

Routine modified D2 lymphadenectomy performance in pT1-T2N0 gastric cancer

AIM： To evaluate routine modified D2 lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer, based on immunohistochemicaUy detected skip micrometastases in level 11 lymph nodes. METHODS： Among 95 gastric cancer patients who were routinely submitted to curative modified D2 lymphadenectomy, from January 2004 to December 2008, 32 were classified as pN0. All level I lymph nodes of these 32 patients were submitted to immunohistochemistry for micrometastases detection. Patients in whom micrometastases were detected in the level Ⅰ lymph node stations （n = 4） were excluded from further analysis. The level 11 lymph nodes of the remaining 28 patients were studied immunohistochemically for micrometastases detection and constitute the material of the present study. RESULTS： Skip micrometastases in the level Ⅱ lymph nodes were detected in 14% （4 out of 28） of the patients. The incidence was further increased to 17% （4 out of 24） in the subgroup of T1-2 gastric cancer patients. All micrometastases were detected in the No. 7 lymph node station. Thus, the disease was upstaged from stage Ⅰ A to Ⅰ B in one patient and from stage Ⅰ B to Ⅱ in three patients. CONCLUSION： In gastric cancer, true R0 resection may not be achieved without modified D2 lymphadenectomy. Until D2＋/D3 lymphadenectomy becomes standard, modified D2 lymphadenectomy should be performed routinely.

Revising Nitrogen Recommendations for Wheat in Response to the Need for Support of Variable-Rate Nitrogen Application

Sampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling were often less than rewarding due in part to the use of a whole-field predicted yield-based formula for developing the N recommendation in each zone. Nitrogen rate studies on spring wheat and durum were established in 2005 through 2009 with the objective to reexamine N recommendations and construct a new system if necessary. The results of the study and archived wheat N response data showed that the state should be divided into three separate N response regions. Within each region historic yields from low to high productivity were defined. The gross N rate was determined using the return-to-N concept developed in the US corn-belt states but with additional consideration for wheat protein value The gross N rate is then modified by credits for previous crop, soil test N from zone soil sampling, tillage systems, excessive straw from the previous year, relative susceptibility to nitrate leaching or denitrification. Finally, the user is encouraged to use common sense and consider whether particular fields have characteristics that require more or less N fertilizer than suggested by the recommendation formulas.

Audit Quality in Kazakhstan： Does Big 4 Provide High-Quality Audits？

This paper provides empirical evidence on audit quality in Kazakhstan as measured by audit tenure and the frequency of issuing modified opinions. In addition, an overview of audit institutions of Kazakhstan and an analysis of the current audit market for public companies are offered. This paper also sheds light upon the potential independence problems resulting in low audit quality and current barriers to audit researches in Kazakhstan. Consistent with the findings of extant researches on audit quality and the general perceptions of investors, two hypotheses were developed, i.e., the audits performed by Big 4 audit firms in Kazakhstan also have higher quality than non-Big 4 audit firms in terms of audit tenure and the frequency of issuing modified opinions. The result confirms the hypothesis that Big 4 audit firms provide higher audit quality than smaller local firms in association with audit tenure instead of in relation to the frequency of issuing modified opinions. The result indicates that Big 4 audit firms may not be as independent as they will be in a highly litigious market. Therefore, an independent inspection should be regularly implemented according to the audit law, and the inspection report should be publicized by Chamber of Auditors （COA）1. If this is not practical due to the lack of qualified inspectors, a peer review may be an altemative to implement the quality control policy immediately. To the author＇s best knowledge, this is the first audit quality research in countries of the Commonwealth of Independence States （CIS）.

结合改进矩阵编码的奇异值修改视频隐写算法

针对当前视频隐写算法鲁棒性较低以及对载体修改率较大等问题,提出一种结合改进矩阵编码的奇异值修改视频隐写算法.先对视频帧进行分块,然后取出每块中的最大奇异值,并根据改进的矩阵编码进行信息嵌入.实验结果表明:算法具有较好的视觉不可见性,并在修改率较小的前提下具有较大的嵌入容量,并对视频载体的比特率影响较小,在模拟网络环境中噪声、滤波攻击后位错率(BER)较小.

SCALABLE PERCEPTUAL AUDIO REPRESENTATION WITH AN ADAPTIVE THREE TIME-SCALE SINUSOIDAL SIGNAL MODEL

This work is concerned with the development and optimization of a signal model for scalable perceptual audio coding at low bit rates. A complementary two-part signal model consisting of Sines plus Noise (SN) is described. The paper presents essentially a fundamental enhancement to the sinusoidal modeling component. The enhancement involves an audio signal scheme based on carrying out overlap-add sinusoidal modeling at three successive time scales, large, medium, and small. The sinusoidal modeling is done in an analysis-by-synthesis overlap- add manner across the three scales by using a psychoacoustically weighted matching pursuits. The sinusoidal modeling residual at the first scale is passed to the smaller scales to allow for the modeling of various signal features at appropriate resolutions.This approach greatly helps to correct the pre-echo inherent in the sinusoidal model. This improves the perceptual audio quality upon our previous work of sinusoidal modeling while using tile same number of sinusoids. Tile most obvious application for the SN model is in scalable, high fidelity audio coding and signal modification.

刑法立法政策评估指标体系解析

依据刑事政策运行过程,可以将刑事政策分为刑事立法政策、刑事司法政策和刑事执行政策。刑法立法政策,也即刑事实体法立法政策是刑事立法政策的组成部分。刑法立法政策评估指标体系具有全局性(纵向性)、独立性和稳定性的特征,其由3个一级指标,5个二级指标,9个三级指标,18个四级指标组成。对刑法立法政策指标数据量化的工具为刑法修改率。

环节质控对电子护理记录质量与及时归档的影响

目的:探讨环节质控对电子护理记录质量与及时归档的影响。方法:将医院肾内科2014年6月~2016年6月与2016年7月~2018年6月出院的2 000份电子护理记录分为对照组和观察组,每组1 000份。对照组采用传统电子护理记录管理,观察组采用环节质控电子护理记录管理,比较两种管理模式的修改和及时归档情况。结果:观察组电子护理记录的三日归档率明显均高于对照组(P<0.05),且退档修改率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:环节质控对电子护理记录质量与及时归档具有重要影响,加强学习,规范护理电子书写能力,能够提高护士对电子护理记录的归档意识,实行环节质控联合终末质控,能够提高电子护理记录的三日归档率,保证电子护理记录质量,为患者赢得了更多的护理时间。

Spring peepers Pseudacris crucifer modify their call structure in response to noise

Acoustic interference can impede effective communication that is important for survival and reproduction of animals. In response to acoustic interference, some animals can improve signalling efficacy by altering the structure of their signals. In this study, we played artificial noise to 46 male spring peepers Pseudacris crucifer, on their breeding grounds, and tested whether the noise affected the duration, call rate, and peak frequency of their advertisement calls. We used two experimental noise treatments that masked either the high- or low-frequency components of an average advertisement call; this allowed us to evaluate whether frogs adaptively shift the peak frequency of their calls away from both types of interference. Our playback treatments caused spring peepers to produce shorter calls, and the high-frequency noise treatment caused them to lower the frequency of their calls immediately after the noise ceased. Call rate did not change in response to playback. Consistent with previous studies, ambient temperature was inversely related to call duration and positively related to call rate. We conclude that noise affects the structure of spring peeper advertisement calls, and that spring peepers therefore have a mechanism for altering signal structure in response to noise. Future studies should test if other types of noise, such as biotic or anthropogenic noise, have similar effects on call structure, and if the observed changes to call structure enhance or impair communication in noisy environments [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 438-448, 2014].

Adult meerkats modify close call rate in the presence of pups

In animals, signaling behavior is often context-dependent, with variation in the probability of emitting certain signals dependent on fitness advantages. Senders may adjust signaling rate depending on receiver identity, presence of audiences, or noise masking the signal, all of which can affect the benefits and costs of signal production. In the cooperative breeding meerkat Suricata suricatta, group members emit soft contact calls, termed as ＂close calls＂, while foraging in order to maintain group cohesion. Here, we investigated how the close calling rate during foraging was affected by the presence of pups, that produce continuous, noisy begging calls as they follow older group members. Adults decreased their overall close call rate substantially when pups were foraging with the group in comparison to periods when no pups were present. We suggest this decrease was likely due to a masking effect of the loud begging calls, which makes the close call function of maintaining group cohesion partly redundant as the centrally located begging calls can be used in- stead to maintain cohesion. There was some support that adults use close calls strategically to at- tract specific pups based on fitness advantages, that is, as the philopatric sex, females should call more than males and more to female pups than male pups. Dominant females called more than dominant males when a pup was in close proximity, while subordinates showed no sex-based dif- ferences. The sex of the nearest pup did not affect the calling rate of adults. The study shows that meerkats modify their close call production depending on benefits gained from calling and provides an example of the flexible use of one calling system in the presence of another, here contact calls versus begging calls, within the same species.

Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Interevent Time Series in a Modified OFC Model

We use multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis （MF-DFA） method to investigate the multifractal behavior of the interevent time series in a modified Olami-Feder-Christensen （OFC） earthquake model on assortative scale-free networks. We determine generalized Hurst exponent and singularity spectrum and find that these fluctuations have multifraetal nature. Comparing the MF-DFA results for the original interevent time series with those for shuffled and surrogate series, we conclude that the origin of multifractality is due to both the broadness of probability density function and long-range correlation.

Shell microparticles of morphology controlled and inner-modified hole from sequential inkjet-printed double emulsions

This article presents sequential inkjet-based method to produce double emulsions as templates to fabricate morphology-controlled and inner-modified hole-shell microparticles. This sequential printing strategy for producing double emulsions circumvents complex wettability modification of the microchannels in lithography-based microfluidic device and largely saves the reagent in comparison to the coaxial two-phase jet in glass capillary. The formation of hole-shell structures is attributed to the diffusion of solvent out of droplets into butanol at the interface between oil and extract phase. The change of hole size is controlled by different diffusion rate, which is determined by changing the volume ratio of butanol and alcohol in extract phase.This presented flexible method can fabricate some functionalized microparticles in our future work.