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结合偏好处理的虚拟机放置问题研究
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作者 赵子初 《长江信息通信》 2023年第2期23-26,共4页
虚拟机的调度(放置)问题(Virtual Machine Placement,VMP)是云计算中的一个重要研究课题。它指的是使用特定的调度算法,将虚拟机放置到合适的主机上的过程,是一个典型的NP问题。目前的研究大量的使用了启发式的多目标优化算法,这类方法... 虚拟机的调度(放置)问题(Virtual Machine Placement,VMP)是云计算中的一个重要研究课题。它指的是使用特定的调度算法,将虚拟机放置到合适的主机上的过程,是一个典型的NP问题。目前的研究大量的使用了启发式的多目标优化算法,这类方法考虑了调度的目标与限制。针对满足目标和限制的条件下依旧会有多种解决方案的情况,引入了用户偏好表达的调度策略。具体的做法,首先,使用CP-nets定性地描述用户对虚拟机调度的偏好;其次,处理了多个用户偏好以及他们之间的冲突问题,最后,将元启发式算法得出的Pareto解进行偏好处理,返回满足用户偏好的最佳调度方案。实例分析和实验的结果表明,考虑用户偏好的虚拟机调度方案极大的提升了用户的满意程度。 展开更多
关键词 虚拟机放置 多目标优化 偏好处理
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Discovering Niche Market: Consumer Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Organic Pork
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作者 Ayooth Yooyen Nisachon Leerattanakom 《Chinese Business Review》 2012年第3期251-264,共14页
With the concern for environmental quality and food safety, organic food products are becoming more important in the global market. In recent years the organic food industry has been expanding and sales of organic pro... With the concern for environmental quality and food safety, organic food products are becoming more important in the global market. In recent years the organic food industry has been expanding and sales of organic products have been increasing. Abundant studies have been done focusing on organic fruits and vegetables which focused on the shortage of organic live stocks. In this paper we focus our attention on organic pork products. Using a sample of 400 Thais consumers, this study proposes the contingent valuation (CV) technique to measure the willingness of individuals to pay a price premium for organic pork in Thailand. In order to obtain the mean "willingness to pay" (WTP), a bivariate probit model was applied to provide information about the crucial variables that affect the WTP. The study revealed that variables that better approximate WTP are based on the lifestyle and knowledge about organic foods rather than the usual socioeconomic factors. The mean WTP on the premium price for organic pork is approximately 34.30 Bath per kg. In order to access the market potential this study shows that the suitable attributes of organic pork which is consistent with consumer preferences are composed of modernized and environmental packaging with special product details. Marketing this product to the buyer it should be set at a reasonable price. Stimulating the market should be done by doing sales promotion and public relations on a regularly basis. In addition, organic pork should be available in any places and convenient for customers to buy. 展开更多
关键词 organic pork willingness to pay bivariate probit model consumer preferences
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