AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV an...AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV and anti-human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） seroprevalence, HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotyping among soldiers from Turkey （group Ⅰ ）, civil blood donors from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅱ ）, and soldier candidates from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅲ） were studied and compared to one another. In total, 17 545 cases （13 546 males and 3999 females with a mean age of 34.5 ± 10.3 year, group Ⅰ = 11234, group Ⅱ = 5057, and group Ⅲ = 1254） were included into the study. RESULTS： Among all cases, HBsAg positivity rates were 2.46%, anti-HCV was 0.46% and anti-HIV was 0.00%. HBV DNA was 2.25%, HCV RNA was 0.33% in all groups. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.16% in group Ⅰ, 3.00% in group Ⅱ and 2.71% in group Ⅲ. There was a significant difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ （χ^2= 6.11, P = 0.047 〈 0.05）. Anti-HCV positivity rates were 0.45% in group Ⅰ, 0.45% in group Ⅱ, and 0.56% in group Ⅲ. Genotypes of HCV were 1b and 1a in group Ⅰ, 1b, 1a and 2 in group Ⅱ, and tb, 1a in group Ⅲ. HBsAg carrier rates were 2.20% in females and 2.53% in males. Anti-HCV prevalence was 0.38% in females and 0.48% in males. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.53% in individuals younger than 50, and 1.47% in older than 50. There was a significant difference between the two groups （χ^2 =23.48, P = 0.001） CONCLUSION： Prevalences of HBsAg, HCV and HIV infections in Northern Cyprus population are similar to those of Turkey.展开更多
Delamination detection presents a pertinent problem for SHM be no visible signs of the damage on the surface of the structure. （structural health monitoring）, as in most cases, there may This study investigates the ...Delamination detection presents a pertinent problem for SHM be no visible signs of the damage on the surface of the structure. （structural health monitoring）, as in most cases, there may This study investigates the scattering of a zeroth-order anti-symmetric （A0） Lamb wave mode by an edge delamination using the commercial FE （finite element） package ABAQUS. The Ao Lamb mode is chosen because the corresponding stress distribution is more sensitive to delamination than is the case for symmetric modes. The paper presents results for the scatter field for various angles of incidence, and for varying defect sizes. The regime of small defect size relative to the incident wavelength is of particular interest for SHM as it corresponds to early damage detection. It is shown that, in this regime the scattered field appears to originate from a point source at the origin of the delamination, and the corresponding amplitude is linearly proportional to area of the delamination. These results can be used to guide the use of Lamb waves to detect and quantify edge delamination in plate-like structures.展开更多
Zinc （Zn） deficiencies are currently thought to cause chronic metabolic derangement leading to or exacerbating immune deficiencY, gastrointestinal problems, endocrine disorders, neurologic dysfunction, cancer, accel...Zinc （Zn） deficiencies are currently thought to cause chronic metabolic derangement leading to or exacerbating immune deficiencY, gastrointestinal problems, endocrine disorders, neurologic dysfunction, cancer, accelerated aging, degenerative disease, and more. Zn deficiency caused by malnutrition and foods with low bioavailability, aging, certain diseases, or deregulated homeostasis is a far more common risk to human health than intoxication. Higher dose of Zn should be limited to short-term use because of an increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects, copper deficiency, anemia, and genitourinary complications. This review has detonated the literature on the spectrum of health effects of Zn status, ranging from symptoms of Zn deficiency to excess exposure.展开更多
Health related quality of life(HRQOL) can better reflect changes in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients and inform economic evaluation of AIDS treatment services,and the assessment of HRQOL can help us ...Health related quality of life(HRQOL) can better reflect changes in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients and inform economic evaluation of AIDS treatment services,and the assessment of HRQOL can help us to detect problems that may influence the progression of the disease,hence HRQOL has become a particularly important assessment indictor for HIV comprehensive interventions.Being a multi-angle,multi-level,and diversified complex intervention,roles of Chinese medicine(CM) in AIDS treatment have been recognized and accepted by more and more patients,and HRQOL has been widely used to evaluate the comprehensive management effects of CM on AIDS.In this article,the authors analyze the definition and measurement of HRQOL,measurement of HRQOL of HIV/AIDS patients and effects of CM on AIDS,and give some reasonable advices for the usage of the scale of HRQOL.The authors hold that some new HRQOL instruments specific for CM treatment of AIDS should be developed and further prospective studies should be carried out to demonstrate the practicality,reliability and validity of HRQOL as an evaluation indictor for CM treatment of AIDS.展开更多
Children conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are nowadays a substantial proportion of the population. It is important to follow up these children and evaluate whether they have elevated health risks...Children conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are nowadays a substantial proportion of the population. It is important to follow up these children and evaluate whether they have elevated health risks compared to naturally conceived (NC) children. In recent years there has been a lot of work in this field. This review will summarize what is known about the health of ART-conceived children, encompassing neonatal outcomes, birth defects, growth and gonadal developments, physical health, neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes, psychosocial developments, risk for cancer, and epigenetic abnormalities. Most of the children conceived after ART are normal. However, there is increasing evidence that ART-conceived children are at higher risk of poor perinatal outcome, birth defects, and epigenetic disorders, and the mechanism(s) leading to these changes have not been elucidated. Continuous follow-up of children after ART is of great importance as they progress through adolescence into adulthood, and new ART techniques are constantly being introduced.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the medical outcome study human immunodeficiency virus(MOS-HIV)health survey among people living with HIV or acquired immune deficiency synd...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the medical outcome study human immunodeficiency virus(MOS-HIV)health survey among people living with HIV or acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) in Iran is our main goal in this study.METHODS: The MOS-HIV questionnaire was translated into Persian using backward translation and the Persian version was filled by 100 HIV infected patients. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total questionnaire and for each dimension. Convergent, discriminant and construct validity were performed. Comparisons were performed between the subscales of the questionnaire in Iran and some other countries with t-test.RESULTS: The overall Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.90 and the range of this coefficient was from 0.71 to 0.86 across the subscales with two exceptions, general health perception and role functioning, which were at 0.65 and 0.61. Convergent and discriminant validity were excellent in all domains. The two factor confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit based on standardized estimates of factor loading, incremental and absolute fit indices.CONCLUSION: The Persian version of the MOS-HIV had good reliability and validity in measuring health related quality of life in people living with HIV in Iran. Furthermore, quality of life for HIV infected patients was very low in comparing with the people in some other countries.展开更多
文摘AIM： To compare the prevalence of hepatitis viral markers among soldiers from Turkey, blood donors from Northern Cyprus, and soldiers from Northern Cyprus. METHODS： Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）, anti-HCV and anti-human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） seroprevalence, HBV DNA, HCV RNA and HCV genotyping among soldiers from Turkey （group Ⅰ ）, civil blood donors from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅱ ）, and soldier candidates from Northern Cyprus （group Ⅲ） were studied and compared to one another. In total, 17 545 cases （13 546 males and 3999 females with a mean age of 34.5 ± 10.3 year, group Ⅰ = 11234, group Ⅱ = 5057, and group Ⅲ = 1254） were included into the study. RESULTS： Among all cases, HBsAg positivity rates were 2.46%, anti-HCV was 0.46% and anti-HIV was 0.00%. HBV DNA was 2.25%, HCV RNA was 0.33% in all groups. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.16% in group Ⅰ, 3.00% in group Ⅱ and 2.71% in group Ⅲ. There was a significant difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ （χ^2= 6.11, P = 0.047 〈 0.05）. Anti-HCV positivity rates were 0.45% in group Ⅰ, 0.45% in group Ⅱ, and 0.56% in group Ⅲ. Genotypes of HCV were 1b and 1a in group Ⅰ, 1b, 1a and 2 in group Ⅱ, and tb, 1a in group Ⅲ. HBsAg carrier rates were 2.20% in females and 2.53% in males. Anti-HCV prevalence was 0.38% in females and 0.48% in males. HBsAg positivity rates were 2.53% in individuals younger than 50, and 1.47% in older than 50. There was a significant difference between the two groups （χ^2 =23.48, P = 0.001） CONCLUSION： Prevalences of HBsAg, HCV and HIV infections in Northern Cyprus population are similar to those of Turkey.
文摘Delamination detection presents a pertinent problem for SHM be no visible signs of the damage on the surface of the structure. （structural health monitoring）, as in most cases, there may This study investigates the scattering of a zeroth-order anti-symmetric （A0） Lamb wave mode by an edge delamination using the commercial FE （finite element） package ABAQUS. The Ao Lamb mode is chosen because the corresponding stress distribution is more sensitive to delamination than is the case for symmetric modes. The paper presents results for the scatter field for various angles of incidence, and for varying defect sizes. The regime of small defect size relative to the incident wavelength is of particular interest for SHM as it corresponds to early damage detection. It is shown that, in this regime the scattered field appears to originate from a point source at the origin of the delamination, and the corresponding amplitude is linearly proportional to area of the delamination. These results can be used to guide the use of Lamb waves to detect and quantify edge delamination in plate-like structures.
文摘Zinc （Zn） deficiencies are currently thought to cause chronic metabolic derangement leading to or exacerbating immune deficiencY, gastrointestinal problems, endocrine disorders, neurologic dysfunction, cancer, accelerated aging, degenerative disease, and more. Zn deficiency caused by malnutrition and foods with low bioavailability, aging, certain diseases, or deregulated homeostasis is a far more common risk to human health than intoxication. Higher dose of Zn should be limited to short-term use because of an increased risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects, copper deficiency, anemia, and genitourinary complications. This review has detonated the literature on the spectrum of health effects of Zn status, ranging from symptoms of Zn deficiency to excess exposure.
基金Supported by the National Special Science&Technology Program on Major Infectious Diseases(No.2012ZX-10005010-001)Research Project for Practical Development of National TCM Clinical Research Bases(No.JDZX2012023)+1 种基金Henan Province Education Science Programs in 11th Fiveyear Plan for 2010 Year Subjects(No.2010-JKGHAZ0047)Henan Province Colleges and Universities Key Youth Teachers Scheme(No.2013GGJS-095)
文摘Health related quality of life(HRQOL) can better reflect changes in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients and inform economic evaluation of AIDS treatment services,and the assessment of HRQOL can help us to detect problems that may influence the progression of the disease,hence HRQOL has become a particularly important assessment indictor for HIV comprehensive interventions.Being a multi-angle,multi-level,and diversified complex intervention,roles of Chinese medicine(CM) in AIDS treatment have been recognized and accepted by more and more patients,and HRQOL has been widely used to evaluate the comprehensive management effects of CM on AIDS.In this article,the authors analyze the definition and measurement of HRQOL,measurement of HRQOL of HIV/AIDS patients and effects of CM on AIDS,and give some reasonable advices for the usage of the scale of HRQOL.The authors hold that some new HRQOL instruments specific for CM treatment of AIDS should be developed and further prospective studies should be carried out to demonstrate the practicality,reliability and validity of HRQOL as an evaluation indictor for CM treatment of AIDS.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2012CB944901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81070532 and 81200475)
文摘Children conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are nowadays a substantial proportion of the population. It is important to follow up these children and evaluate whether they have elevated health risks compared to naturally conceived (NC) children. In recent years there has been a lot of work in this field. This review will summarize what is known about the health of ART-conceived children, encompassing neonatal outcomes, birth defects, growth and gonadal developments, physical health, neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes, psychosocial developments, risk for cancer, and epigenetic abnormalities. Most of the children conceived after ART are normal. However, there is increasing evidence that ART-conceived children are at higher risk of poor perinatal outcome, birth defects, and epigenetic disorders, and the mechanism(s) leading to these changes have not been elucidated. Continuous follow-up of children after ART is of great importance as they progress through adolescence into adulthood, and new ART techniques are constantly being introduced.
基金Supported by the grant from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Research Council(No.88-4665)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the medical outcome study human immunodeficiency virus(MOS-HIV)health survey among people living with HIV or acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) in Iran is our main goal in this study.METHODS: The MOS-HIV questionnaire was translated into Persian using backward translation and the Persian version was filled by 100 HIV infected patients. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total questionnaire and for each dimension. Convergent, discriminant and construct validity were performed. Comparisons were performed between the subscales of the questionnaire in Iran and some other countries with t-test.RESULTS: The overall Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.90 and the range of this coefficient was from 0.71 to 0.86 across the subscales with two exceptions, general health perception and role functioning, which were at 0.65 and 0.61. Convergent and discriminant validity were excellent in all domains. The two factor confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit based on standardized estimates of factor loading, incremental and absolute fit indices.CONCLUSION: The Persian version of the MOS-HIV had good reliability and validity in measuring health related quality of life in people living with HIV in Iran. Furthermore, quality of life for HIV infected patients was very low in comparing with the people in some other countries.
