Edible mushrooms are considered as healthy food because they are low in calories and fat but rich in proteins minerals and dietary fiber(DF). Edible mushrooms are recognized as new potential resource of DF since the c...Edible mushrooms are considered as healthy food because they are low in calories and fat but rich in proteins minerals and dietary fiber(DF). Edible mushrooms are recognized as new potential resource of DF since the components of edible mushroom dietary fiber(EMDF) have shown special physiological and pharmacological effects on human and animals. In this article,the soluble and insoluble fractions of DF in different edible mushroom species have been evaluated. Biological effects of EMDF are related to promoting desired responses,for example,reducing blood cholesterol,protecting cells from free radicals attack by antioxidative effects,attenuating levels and fluctuations of blood glucose and selectively supporting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. The EMDF plays an important role in reducing risk of cardiovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus and intestinal diseases. The non-starch polysaccharides(NSP),a kind of EMDF,is the best known and most potent mushroom-derived substances with antitumor and immunomodulatory properties. EMDF has also been reported to take part in the control of body weight,lipid homeostasis and insulin sensitivity due to its effect on specific chemical structures and physical properties. Many pharmaceutical substances with potent and unique health- enhancing properties were isolated recently from edible mushrooms and distributed worldwide. Mushroom-based dietary supplements(DSs) with potential therapeutic effects are produced from the mycelia or the fruiting bodies of mushrooms,and are consumed in the forms of capsules,tablets,or extracts. The EMDF, based on its special physiological functions on human health,shows a wide range of potential application prospects.展开更多
A scoping review was conducted to report on the nature and extent of the literature addressing the transition through peri and post retirement for people living with chronic disorder（s）. The secondary purpose was to...A scoping review was conducted to report on the nature and extent of the literature addressing the transition through peri and post retirement for people living with chronic disorder（s）. The secondary purpose was to determine the extent that gender issues and the transition age （50-65） are specifically addressed. Of 3,256 titles identified, 111 articles meet the inclusion criteria. Information was often indirect but addressed varying health domains that significantly influence transitional stages toward retirement and illustrating the burden of chronic comorbid health problems, unequal gender positions with differences in labour force participation, retirement pensions, and changing social dynamics. Few studies directly addressed the complex interaction of chronic health outcomes, psychological well-being, social and financial health as a significant paradigm in determining a successful transition into retirement. Needed are prospective longitudinal studies that measure predictors and outcomes of retirement transitioning along with qualitative studies that define the decision-making process. Given the substantial differential impact in respect to retirement risk factors and opportunities, there must be consideration in design and analysis for future high quality research.展开更多
文摘Edible mushrooms are considered as healthy food because they are low in calories and fat but rich in proteins minerals and dietary fiber(DF). Edible mushrooms are recognized as new potential resource of DF since the components of edible mushroom dietary fiber(EMDF) have shown special physiological and pharmacological effects on human and animals. In this article,the soluble and insoluble fractions of DF in different edible mushroom species have been evaluated. Biological effects of EMDF are related to promoting desired responses,for example,reducing blood cholesterol,protecting cells from free radicals attack by antioxidative effects,attenuating levels and fluctuations of blood glucose and selectively supporting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. The EMDF plays an important role in reducing risk of cardiovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus and intestinal diseases. The non-starch polysaccharides(NSP),a kind of EMDF,is the best known and most potent mushroom-derived substances with antitumor and immunomodulatory properties. EMDF has also been reported to take part in the control of body weight,lipid homeostasis and insulin sensitivity due to its effect on specific chemical structures and physical properties. Many pharmaceutical substances with potent and unique health- enhancing properties were isolated recently from edible mushrooms and distributed worldwide. Mushroom-based dietary supplements(DSs) with potential therapeutic effects are produced from the mycelia or the fruiting bodies of mushrooms,and are consumed in the forms of capsules,tablets,or extracts. The EMDF, based on its special physiological functions on human health,shows a wide range of potential application prospects.
文摘A scoping review was conducted to report on the nature and extent of the literature addressing the transition through peri and post retirement for people living with chronic disorder（s）. The secondary purpose was to determine the extent that gender issues and the transition age （50-65） are specifically addressed. Of 3,256 titles identified, 111 articles meet the inclusion criteria. Information was often indirect but addressed varying health domains that significantly influence transitional stages toward retirement and illustrating the burden of chronic comorbid health problems, unequal gender positions with differences in labour force participation, retirement pensions, and changing social dynamics. Few studies directly addressed the complex interaction of chronic health outcomes, psychological well-being, social and financial health as a significant paradigm in determining a successful transition into retirement. Needed are prospective longitudinal studies that measure predictors and outcomes of retirement transitioning along with qualitative studies that define the decision-making process. Given the substantial differential impact in respect to retirement risk factors and opportunities, there must be consideration in design and analysis for future high quality research.
