[Objective] The paper was to explore the regularity between heat shock protein expression and the healthiness changes of Bombyx moil materials. [Method] The representative heat shock protein gene Bmhsp24.3 was screene...[Objective] The paper was to explore the regularity between heat shock protein expression and the healthiness changes of Bombyx moil materials. [Method] The representative heat shock protein gene Bmhsp24.3 was screened by bioinfor- matic analysis method, and carried out real-time PCR expression analysis. [Result] The target gene Bmhsp24.3 expressed in different B. mori materials, but the expres- sion level in different materials significantly varied. The relative expression level of the gene had different degrees of changes under different rearing conditions. With the increase of rearing temperature, the gene expression was upregulated. The ma- terials with better healthiness had remarkable increase in expression of target gene, while the materials with poorer healthiness had less increase in expression of target gene. The expression difference of target gene Bmhsp24.3 was exactly consistent with the healthiness of breeds. [Conclusion] The healthiness of materials had rela- tionship with expression of target gene Bmhsp24.3. the higher the expression of tar- get gene Bmhsp24.3 was, the better the healthiness of materials was; conversely, the lower the expression of target gene Bmhsp24.3 was, the poorer the healthiness of materials was.展开更多
AIM： To observe if the total amount of platelet P-selectin （tP-selectin） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） was related to disease entity or activity, 5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） medication or ...AIM： To observe if the total amount of platelet P-selectin （tP-selectin） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） was related to disease entity or activity, 5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） medication or gender. METHODS： tP-selectin was measured by immunoassay in seventeen IBD patients and twelve healthy controls. RESULTS： Compared to controls, there was no difference of tP-selectin in patients related to disease entity or activity and 5-ASA medication. When the groups were split according to gender the male patient group showed higher levels of tP-selectin compared to male controls （153 ng/mL vs 94 ng/mL, P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Increased tP-selectin levels may alter the inflammatory response and susceptibility to thromboembolic disease. As previously shown with soluble P-selectin, tP-selectin shows gender dependent differences important to consider in future studies.展开更多
The earth crust is believed to be made of a mass of minerals and is matched by their importance in human life. The human body, depend like other leaving organisms, on several minerals as essential constituents of its ...The earth crust is believed to be made of a mass of minerals and is matched by their importance in human life. The human body, depend like other leaving organisms, on several minerals as essential constituents of its existence. Metal ions in foodstuff are in different chemical forms, as inorganic salts or organic molecules or complexes with other compounds such as proteins, amino acids, enzymes and some vitamins, among others, that play an important role in human health. Entomophagy, insect consumption by several ethnic groups in Mexico as cultural tradition since prehispanic era represent an option for population to obtain the minerals needed by the body to keep a good health. Escamoles ant eggs of the Liometopumapiculatum M genus, much appreciated either at rural communities as well as in urban cities, contain minerals with a favorable effect in human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the mineral composition of Escamoles and the benefits which can provide to the human body. Sampling was at an arid region of the Hidalgo state on April 2012. Minerals in dry basis, determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with the exception of phosphorus content, obtained from a triple acid digested extract and determined colorimetrically. Data of mineral analysis in dry basis of Escamoles were： total minerals 5.92%; Na 0.079%; K 0.075%; Ca 0.097%; P 0.701%; Fe 0.021%; Zn 0.035% Cu 0.009%; Mg 0.998%; Mn 0.002%. Minerals quantify are not equal to total ash contained because not all of them were assess determined. Elements concentration depends not only on the total mineral composition of foodstuff the inorganic or organic form or interaction among metal ions, but also on their availability and avail of them. Minerals in Escamoles ant eggs have a considerable influence in the condition of human health.展开更多
In this study, the effects of fermented whey （FW） in treating bacillary dysentery caused by Shigellaflexneri in albino rats and on the gastrointestinal （GIT） flora of apparently healthy albino rats （AHARs） were ...In this study, the effects of fermented whey （FW） in treating bacillary dysentery caused by Shigellaflexneri in albino rats and on the gastrointestinal （GIT） flora of apparently healthy albino rats （AHARs） were investigated. Prior the therapeutic assay, the growth inhibitory activity （GIA） of whey subjected to different fermentation durations at 30 ~ 2 ~C was first investigated using agar diffusion assay on the test organism, conventional antibiotics served as control. After this, the infectious dose of the organism was determined and used to infect another set of AHARs. The infected rats were grouped into two; group one was treated with 1.0 mL of the FW that exerted the highest GIA in the in vitro assay （FW1）, once daily for 7 d while group two was left untreated. The rats were observed for signs of recovery while their large intestine was subjected to histopathological examinations. For the effects of whey on GIT flora of AHARs, another group of AHARs was fed with FW1 for 3months. At 7 d intervals, their faeces were examined for microbial types and load. The in vitro GIA of the FWs on the test organism was superior to that of most of the antibiotics used and the administration of FW1 to infected rats caused them to recover by 72 h while those not treated with FW1 started to recover by 168 h. FWl did not significantly （p 〈 0.05） affect the GIT microflora loads but only the types.展开更多
Colombia enjoys considerable ethnic diversity, although its indigenous population, part of the world＇s shared cultural heritage has been reduced by various factors, including displacement, poverty, and poor access to...Colombia enjoys considerable ethnic diversity, although its indigenous population, part of the world＇s shared cultural heritage has been reduced by various factors, including displacement, poverty, and poor access to timely and quality healthcare. The present study is focused on diagnosing health problems, particularly anemia, through a description of hematological findings amongst men and woman aged 18 to 50 years, living at various altitudes, and belonging to several different indigenous communities： the Huitoto and Embera of Caqueta, Florencia; the Born, Muinane, Okaina, Huitoto communities of La Chorrera, Amazonas; and the Yanaconas of Bogota, D.C. Tests performed included automated hemogram tests, ferritin, c-reactive protein, and parasitological assessment to correlate the presence of anemia and parasitism. The authors used a quantitative and transversal, structured, non-experimental, correlational, stratified sample design with 105 samples （51 men, 54 women）. The results showed that 7.8% （4/51） of the men had anemia, compared with 29.6% （16/54） of the women--more than triple the incidence of the male population. Moreover, we found a higher incidence of anemia in rural areas, where the majority of the country＇s indigenous populations live. In the parasitological study, 87.7% （50/57） of the participants tested positive for intestinal parasites. These findings are expected to help authorities implement more effective responses to health issues in these communities.展开更多
The aim of this study was to analyze the point mutation of the exon 1 at codon 54 of the mannose (or mannan)-binding lectin (MBL) gene in healthy individuals of Chinese Hans and Mongolian population, and to find out a...The aim of this study was to analyze the point mutation of the exon 1 at codon 54 of the mannose (or mannan)-binding lectin (MBL) gene in healthy individuals of Chinese Hans and Mongolian population, and to find out any association between the plasma levels of MBL and the gene mutation frequency in both groups of individuals. Blood samples were collected randomly from 56 healthy individuals of Chinese Hans and 37 Mongolian. The detection of the point mutations of the MBL gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and detections for plasma levels of MBL were determined by using MBL ELISA kits. A MBL PCR method of assay was established with high specificity, and good reproducibility. By optimizing the PCR condition, the optimal annealing temperature was 55℃, and the lowest detection limit was 160 pg. No bands were found in non-specificity samples (HAV, HBV, HCV and TB), and the sequences of PCR products were the same as the expected ones. Also a MBL PCR-RFLP was established. Upon electrophoresis of the digested products in 3% agarose gel, there were 3 patterns: in which 2 bands correspond to molecule weight 232 bp and 93 bp; 1 band, corresponds to molecule weight 325 bp and 3 bands correspond to molecule weight 325 bp, 232 bp and 93 bp, respectively. Three bands of 325 bp, 232 bp and 93 bp of point mutations were found at codon 54 of MBL coding gene. Frequencies in healthy Han and Mongolian population were 0.2321 and 0.1757 respectively. The average plasma MBL concentration was 1998.750 μg/L, with SD of 1505.152 in 56 healthy Han population and 2525.676 μg/L, with SD of 1955.188 in 37 Mongolian. A negative correlation between MBL concentration and gene mutation frequency was found in healthy Han population. Frequency of point mutation was 1.00 when the MBL concentrations were below 100 μg/L; frequency of point mutation was 0.4524 when the concentration was 100 μg/L to 1000 μg/L; and the frequency of point mutation was 0.0156 when the concentration was over 1000 μg/L. Analysis of association between MBL concentration and gene frequency in healthy Mongolian population showed that frequency of point mutation was 1.00 when the MBL concentrations were below 100 μg/L and the frequency of point mutation was 0.4583 when the MBL concentrations were 100 μg/L to 1000 μg/L; no point mutation was found when the concentration was over 1000 μg/L. It is concluded that the frequencies of mutation at codon 54 of MBL coding gene had been determined in both healthy Hans and Mongolian population, and the frequency was higher in healthy Hans than that of Mongolian, but no statistical significance (χ 2=0.8574, P >0.05). The MBL level was lower in healthy Hans than in Mongolian population, but there was no statistical significance( t =1.448, 0.1< P <0.2). There was a negative correlation between frequency of point mutation and MBL concentrations in both Hans and Mongolian population( r =-0.62, r =-0.641).展开更多
Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our stu...Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our study. We divided them into eight groups according to their ages. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested, and the relationship of blood lipid abnormity with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose was analyzed. Results The incidences of hypercholesterolemia, hyperglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and hyper low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia presented increasing trend in this population. The incidence rate of abnormity of blood lipid in health examination population increased with BMI increase. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid in overweight and obesity population was significantly higher than that in low weight and normal weight populations (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the trend of abnormal blood lipid incidence coincided with that of abnormal fasting blood glucose. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abnormity of blood lipid in Beijing presents increasing trend. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid increases with BMI increase, in coincidence with that of fasting blood glucose.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of needling Hegu （LI 4） on functions of the prefrontal cortex using the functional near infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS）. Methods： A total of 12 healthy volunteers were randomly ass...Objective： To observe the effect of needling Hegu （LI 4） on functions of the prefrontal cortex using the functional near infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS）. Methods： A total of 12 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to an acupuncture group （n=6） and a control group （n=6）. The control group received no intervention. The acupuncture group received needling Hegu （LI 4） on the right side. The real-time concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin （HbO2）, deoxygenated hemoglobin （d-Hb） and total hemoglobin （t-Hb） in the prefrontal cortex were recorded using the fNIRS, allowing for effect analysis of needling Hegu （LI 4） on the functions of the prefrontal cortex. Results： Compared with the control group, the HbO2 and t-Hb concentrations were increased in the acupuncture group and there were between-group statistical significances （bothP〈0.05）. There was no between-group statistical significance in d-Hb concentration （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Needling Hegu （LI 4） can extensively activate the prefrontal cortex and therefore has significant effect on the functions of the brain＆#39;s prefrontal cortex.展开更多
Urine is an important source of biomarkers. This article reviews current advances, major challenges, and future prospects in the field of urinary proteorrfics. Because the practical clinical problem is to distinguish ...Urine is an important source of biomarkers. This article reviews current advances, major challenges, and future prospects in the field of urinary proteorrfics. Because the practical clinical problem is to distinguish diseases with similar symptoms, merely comparing samples from patients of a particular disease to those of healthy individuals is inadequate for finding biomarkers with sufficient diagnostic power. In addition, the variation of expression levels of urinary proteins among healthy individuals and individuals under different physiological conditions adds to the difficulty in identifying biomarkers. We propose that es- tablishing the natural variation in urinary protein expression among a healthy population can serve as a reference to help iden- tify protein abundance changes that are caused by disease, not by individual variations or physiological changes. We also dis- cuss that comparing protein expression levels between urine and plasma may reveal the physiological function of the kidney and that may facilitate biomarker discovery. Finally, we propose that establishing a data-sharing platform for data collection and integrating results from all urinary biomarker studies will help promote the development of urinary proteomics.展开更多
Functional proteomics can be defined as a strategy to couple proteomic information with biochemical and physiological analyses with the aim of understanding better the functions of proteins in normal and diseased orga...Functional proteomics can be defined as a strategy to couple proteomic information with biochemical and physiological analyses with the aim of understanding better the functions of proteins in normal and diseased organs.In recent years,a variety of publicly available bioinformatics databases have been developed to support protein-related information management and biological knowledge discovery.In addition to being used to annotate the proteome,these resources also offer the opportunity to develop global approaches to the study of the functional role of proteins both in health and disease.Here,we present a comprehensive review of the major human protein bioinformatics databases.We conclude this review by discussing a few examples that illustrate the importance of these databases in functional proteomics research.展开更多
The effects of five domestic cooking methods,including steaming,microwaving,boiling,stir-frying,and stir-frying followed by boiling(stir-frying/boiling),on the nutrients and health-promoting compounds of broccoli were...The effects of five domestic cooking methods,including steaming,microwaving,boiling,stir-frying,and stir-frying followed by boiling(stir-frying/boiling),on the nutrients and health-promoting compounds of broccoli were investigated.The results show that all cooking treatments,except steaming,caused significant losses of chlorophyll and vitamin C and significant decreases of total soluble proteins and soluble sugars.Total aliphatic and indole glucosinolates were significantly modified by all cooking treatments but not by steaming.In general,the steaming led to the lowest loss of total glucosinolates,while stir-frying and stir-frying/boiling presented the highest loss.Stir-frying and stir-frying/boiling,the two most popular methods for most homemade dishes in China,cause great losses of chlorophyll,soluble protein,soluble sugar,vitamin C,and glucosinolates,but the steaming method appears the best in retention of the nutrients in cooking broccoli.展开更多
基金Supported by Youth Fund of Provincial Finance for Breeding Project(2010QNJJ-023)Fund Project of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievement Conversion(2010F00080)Science and Technology Supporting Project of Nanchong City(11A0016)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the regularity between heat shock protein expression and the healthiness changes of Bombyx moil materials. [Method] The representative heat shock protein gene Bmhsp24.3 was screened by bioinfor- matic analysis method, and carried out real-time PCR expression analysis. [Result] The target gene Bmhsp24.3 expressed in different B. mori materials, but the expres- sion level in different materials significantly varied. The relative expression level of the gene had different degrees of changes under different rearing conditions. With the increase of rearing temperature, the gene expression was upregulated. The ma- terials with better healthiness had remarkable increase in expression of target gene, while the materials with poorer healthiness had less increase in expression of target gene. The expression difference of target gene Bmhsp24.3 was exactly consistent with the healthiness of breeds. [Conclusion] The healthiness of materials had rela- tionship with expression of target gene Bmhsp24.3. the higher the expression of tar- get gene Bmhsp24.3 was, the better the healthiness of materials was; conversely, the lower the expression of target gene Bmhsp24.3 was, the poorer the healthiness of materials was.
基金Supported by grants from the County Council of■stergtland,Sweden(No.2000/080 and 2001/039)
文摘AIM： To observe if the total amount of platelet P-selectin （tP-selectin） in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） was related to disease entity or activity, 5-aminosalicylic acid （5-ASA） medication or gender. METHODS： tP-selectin was measured by immunoassay in seventeen IBD patients and twelve healthy controls. RESULTS： Compared to controls, there was no difference of tP-selectin in patients related to disease entity or activity and 5-ASA medication. When the groups were split according to gender the male patient group showed higher levels of tP-selectin compared to male controls （153 ng/mL vs 94 ng/mL, P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Increased tP-selectin levels may alter the inflammatory response and susceptibility to thromboembolic disease. As previously shown with soluble P-selectin, tP-selectin shows gender dependent differences important to consider in future studies.
文摘The earth crust is believed to be made of a mass of minerals and is matched by their importance in human life. The human body, depend like other leaving organisms, on several minerals as essential constituents of its existence. Metal ions in foodstuff are in different chemical forms, as inorganic salts or organic molecules or complexes with other compounds such as proteins, amino acids, enzymes and some vitamins, among others, that play an important role in human health. Entomophagy, insect consumption by several ethnic groups in Mexico as cultural tradition since prehispanic era represent an option for population to obtain the minerals needed by the body to keep a good health. Escamoles ant eggs of the Liometopumapiculatum M genus, much appreciated either at rural communities as well as in urban cities, contain minerals with a favorable effect in human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the mineral composition of Escamoles and the benefits which can provide to the human body. Sampling was at an arid region of the Hidalgo state on April 2012. Minerals in dry basis, determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, with the exception of phosphorus content, obtained from a triple acid digested extract and determined colorimetrically. Data of mineral analysis in dry basis of Escamoles were： total minerals 5.92%; Na 0.079%; K 0.075%; Ca 0.097%; P 0.701%; Fe 0.021%; Zn 0.035% Cu 0.009%; Mg 0.998%; Mn 0.002%. Minerals quantify are not equal to total ash contained because not all of them were assess determined. Elements concentration depends not only on the total mineral composition of foodstuff the inorganic or organic form or interaction among metal ions, but also on their availability and avail of them. Minerals in Escamoles ant eggs have a considerable influence in the condition of human health.
文摘In this study, the effects of fermented whey （FW） in treating bacillary dysentery caused by Shigellaflexneri in albino rats and on the gastrointestinal （GIT） flora of apparently healthy albino rats （AHARs） were investigated. Prior the therapeutic assay, the growth inhibitory activity （GIA） of whey subjected to different fermentation durations at 30 ~ 2 ~C was first investigated using agar diffusion assay on the test organism, conventional antibiotics served as control. After this, the infectious dose of the organism was determined and used to infect another set of AHARs. The infected rats were grouped into two; group one was treated with 1.0 mL of the FW that exerted the highest GIA in the in vitro assay （FW1）, once daily for 7 d while group two was left untreated. The rats were observed for signs of recovery while their large intestine was subjected to histopathological examinations. For the effects of whey on GIT flora of AHARs, another group of AHARs was fed with FW1 for 3months. At 7 d intervals, their faeces were examined for microbial types and load. The in vitro GIA of the FWs on the test organism was superior to that of most of the antibiotics used and the administration of FW1 to infected rats caused them to recover by 72 h while those not treated with FW1 started to recover by 168 h. FWl did not significantly （p 〈 0.05） affect the GIT microflora loads but only the types.
文摘Colombia enjoys considerable ethnic diversity, although its indigenous population, part of the world＇s shared cultural heritage has been reduced by various factors, including displacement, poverty, and poor access to timely and quality healthcare. The present study is focused on diagnosing health problems, particularly anemia, through a description of hematological findings amongst men and woman aged 18 to 50 years, living at various altitudes, and belonging to several different indigenous communities： the Huitoto and Embera of Caqueta, Florencia; the Born, Muinane, Okaina, Huitoto communities of La Chorrera, Amazonas; and the Yanaconas of Bogota, D.C. Tests performed included automated hemogram tests, ferritin, c-reactive protein, and parasitological assessment to correlate the presence of anemia and parasitism. The authors used a quantitative and transversal, structured, non-experimental, correlational, stratified sample design with 105 samples （51 men, 54 women）. The results showed that 7.8% （4/51） of the men had anemia, compared with 29.6% （16/54） of the women--more than triple the incidence of the male population. Moreover, we found a higher incidence of anemia in rural areas, where the majority of the country＇s indigenous populations live. In the parasitological study, 87.7% （50/57） of the participants tested positive for intestinal parasites. These findings are expected to help authorities implement more effective responses to health issues in these communities.
文摘The aim of this study was to analyze the point mutation of the exon 1 at codon 54 of the mannose (or mannan)-binding lectin (MBL) gene in healthy individuals of Chinese Hans and Mongolian population, and to find out any association between the plasma levels of MBL and the gene mutation frequency in both groups of individuals. Blood samples were collected randomly from 56 healthy individuals of Chinese Hans and 37 Mongolian. The detection of the point mutations of the MBL gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and detections for plasma levels of MBL were determined by using MBL ELISA kits. A MBL PCR method of assay was established with high specificity, and good reproducibility. By optimizing the PCR condition, the optimal annealing temperature was 55℃, and the lowest detection limit was 160 pg. No bands were found in non-specificity samples (HAV, HBV, HCV and TB), and the sequences of PCR products were the same as the expected ones. Also a MBL PCR-RFLP was established. Upon electrophoresis of the digested products in 3% agarose gel, there were 3 patterns: in which 2 bands correspond to molecule weight 232 bp and 93 bp; 1 band, corresponds to molecule weight 325 bp and 3 bands correspond to molecule weight 325 bp, 232 bp and 93 bp, respectively. Three bands of 325 bp, 232 bp and 93 bp of point mutations were found at codon 54 of MBL coding gene. Frequencies in healthy Han and Mongolian population were 0.2321 and 0.1757 respectively. The average plasma MBL concentration was 1998.750 μg/L, with SD of 1505.152 in 56 healthy Han population and 2525.676 μg/L, with SD of 1955.188 in 37 Mongolian. A negative correlation between MBL concentration and gene mutation frequency was found in healthy Han population. Frequency of point mutation was 1.00 when the MBL concentrations were below 100 μg/L; frequency of point mutation was 0.4524 when the concentration was 100 μg/L to 1000 μg/L; and the frequency of point mutation was 0.0156 when the concentration was over 1000 μg/L. Analysis of association between MBL concentration and gene frequency in healthy Mongolian population showed that frequency of point mutation was 1.00 when the MBL concentrations were below 100 μg/L and the frequency of point mutation was 0.4583 when the MBL concentrations were 100 μg/L to 1000 μg/L; no point mutation was found when the concentration was over 1000 μg/L. It is concluded that the frequencies of mutation at codon 54 of MBL coding gene had been determined in both healthy Hans and Mongolian population, and the frequency was higher in healthy Hans than that of Mongolian, but no statistical significance (χ 2=0.8574, P >0.05). The MBL level was lower in healthy Hans than in Mongolian population, but there was no statistical significance( t =1.448, 0.1< P <0.2). There was a negative correlation between frequency of point mutation and MBL concentrations in both Hans and Mongolian population( r =-0.62, r =-0.641).
基金Sponsored by grant of Young Scientist of PUMC Hospital (200577A)
文摘Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our study. We divided them into eight groups according to their ages. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested, and the relationship of blood lipid abnormity with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose was analyzed. Results The incidences of hypercholesterolemia, hyperglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and hyper low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia presented increasing trend in this population. The incidence rate of abnormity of blood lipid in health examination population increased with BMI increase. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid in overweight and obesity population was significantly higher than that in low weight and normal weight populations (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the trend of abnormal blood lipid incidence coincided with that of abnormal fasting blood glucose. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abnormity of blood lipid in Beijing presents increasing trend. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid increases with BMI increase, in coincidence with that of fasting blood glucose.
基金supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China No.81460744Project of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province No.1308RJZA150~~
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of needling Hegu （LI 4） on functions of the prefrontal cortex using the functional near infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS）. Methods： A total of 12 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to an acupuncture group （n=6） and a control group （n=6）. The control group received no intervention. The acupuncture group received needling Hegu （LI 4） on the right side. The real-time concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin （HbO2）, deoxygenated hemoglobin （d-Hb） and total hemoglobin （t-Hb） in the prefrontal cortex were recorded using the fNIRS, allowing for effect analysis of needling Hegu （LI 4） on the functions of the prefrontal cortex. Results： Compared with the control group, the HbO2 and t-Hb concentrations were increased in the acupuncture group and there were between-group statistical significances （bothP〈0.05）. There was no between-group statistical significance in d-Hb concentration （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Needling Hegu （LI 4） can extensively activate the prefrontal cortex and therefore has significant effect on the functions of the brain＆#39;s prefrontal cortex.
文摘Urine is an important source of biomarkers. This article reviews current advances, major challenges, and future prospects in the field of urinary proteorrfics. Because the practical clinical problem is to distinguish diseases with similar symptoms, merely comparing samples from patients of a particular disease to those of healthy individuals is inadequate for finding biomarkers with sufficient diagnostic power. In addition, the variation of expression levels of urinary proteins among healthy individuals and individuals under different physiological conditions adds to the difficulty in identifying biomarkers. We propose that es- tablishing the natural variation in urinary protein expression among a healthy population can serve as a reference to help iden- tify protein abundance changes that are caused by disease, not by individual variations or physiological changes. We also dis- cuss that comparing protein expression levels between urine and plasma may reveal the physiological function of the kidney and that may facilitate biomarker discovery. Finally, we propose that establishing a data-sharing platform for data collection and integrating results from all urinary biomarker studies will help promote the development of urinary proteomics.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2010CB912700 and 2011CB910601)
文摘Functional proteomics can be defined as a strategy to couple proteomic information with biochemical and physiological analyses with the aim of understanding better the functions of proteins in normal and diseased organs.In recent years,a variety of publicly available bioinformatics databases have been developed to support protein-related information management and biological knowledge discovery.In addition to being used to annotate the proteome,these resources also offer the opportunity to develop global approaches to the study of the functional role of proteins both in health and disease.Here,we present a comprehensive review of the major human protein bioinformatics databases.We conclude this review by discussing a few examples that illustrate the importance of these databases in functional proteomics research.
基金supported by the High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No.2008AA10Z111)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30320974)+1 种基金the Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation of China (No.104034)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in the University of China (No.NCET-05-0516)
文摘The effects of five domestic cooking methods,including steaming,microwaving,boiling,stir-frying,and stir-frying followed by boiling(stir-frying/boiling),on the nutrients and health-promoting compounds of broccoli were investigated.The results show that all cooking treatments,except steaming,caused significant losses of chlorophyll and vitamin C and significant decreases of total soluble proteins and soluble sugars.Total aliphatic and indole glucosinolates were significantly modified by all cooking treatments but not by steaming.In general,the steaming led to the lowest loss of total glucosinolates,while stir-frying and stir-frying/boiling presented the highest loss.Stir-frying and stir-frying/boiling,the two most popular methods for most homemade dishes in China,cause great losses of chlorophyll,soluble protein,soluble sugar,vitamin C,and glucosinolates,but the steaming method appears the best in retention of the nutrients in cooking broccoli.
