傅里叶红外显微光谱技术测量HgCdTe晶片组分分布与截止波长分布

运用傅里叶红外显微光谱技术测量了ＨｇＣｄＴｅ晶片上透射光谱分布，并通过编程处理，得到ＨｇＣｄＴｅ晶片组分分布和截止波长分布图。

Mid-infrared Optical Frequency Comb-based Fourier Transform Spectrometer for Broadband Molecular Spectroscopy

Optical frequency combbased Fourier transform spectroscopy has the features of broad spectral bandwidth,high sensitivity,andmultiplexed trace gas detection,which has valuable application potential in the fields of precision spectroscopy and trace gas detection.Here,we report the development of a mid-infrared Fourier transform spectrometer based on an optical frequency comb combined with a Herriott-type multipass cell.Using this instrument,the broadband absorption spectra of several important molecules,including methane,acetylene,water molecules and nitrous oxide,are measured by near real-time data acquisition in the 2800-3500 cm^(-1)spectral region.The achieved minimum detectable absorption of the instrument is 4.4×10^(-8)cm^(-1)·Hz^(-1/2)per spectral element.Broadband spectra of H_(2)0 are fited using the Voigt profile multispectral fitting technique and the consistency of the concentration inversion is 1%.Our system also enables precise spectroscopic measurements,and it allows the determination of the spectral line positions and upper state constants of N_(2)O in the(0002)-(1000)band,with results in good agreement with those reported by Toth[Appl.Opt.30,5289(1991)].

Fourier Spectrometer based on Wide-range and Phase-locked Michelson Interferometer with Femtosecond Laser Excitation

A wide-range and phase-locked Michelson interferometer technique is described. This technique combined with femtosecond laser is used to measure the spectrum of the rare-earth ion Nd：YVO4, which presents very high signal to noise ratio of interferometric intensity output and higher spectral resolution than traditional grating spectrophotometer.

Spectral Differences of the Molecule-ion Adducts of β-Cyclodextrin and Lithium Carbonate

A small shielding effect on the hydrogen atoms of chiral carbons of β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） was detected by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, but a large environmental change of the chiral carbon atoms at high concentration ratios of lithium carbonate （Li2CO3） to β-CD was observed by polarimetry in aqueous solution. These findings urged us to investigate whether different formation conditions of the molecule-ion system between Li2CO3 and β-CD in solid state were involved in different spectral performances. To answer the question, we prepared three adducts of Li2CO3 to β-CD, i.e., samples 1, 2, and 3, by magnetic stirring, solvothermal and grinding conditions, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy provided the information of formation of the three molecule-ion adducts. Besides, scanning electron microscope images provided different surface information of the three adducts. Further, significant spectral differences in thermal behavior of these adducts were found by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry.

Properties of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Husk

Physicochemical properties of bio-oil obtained from fast pyrolysis of rice husk were studied in the present work.Molecular distillation was used to separate the crude bio-oil into three fractions viz.light fraction,middle fraction and heavy fraction.Their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatograph and mass spectrometer（GC-MS）.The thermal behavior,including evaporation and decomposition,was investigated using thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer（TG-FTIR）.The product distribution was significantly affected by contents of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.The bio-oil yield was 46.36%（by mass） and the yield of gaseous products was 27%（by mass）.The chemicals in the bio-oil included acids,aldehydes,ketones,alcohols,phenols,sugars,etc.The light fraction was mainly composed of acids and compounds with lower boiling point temperature,the middle and heavy fractions were consisted of phenols and levoglucosan.The thermal stability of the bio-oil was determined by the interactions and intersolubility of compounds.It was found that the thermal stability of bio-oil was better than the light fraction,but worse than the middle and heavy fractions.

MoO_3/SO_4^(2-)-TiO_2 catalyst for transesterification of dimethyl cabonate with phenol

A new MoO3/SO4 2--TiO2 catalyst was prepared by a conventional impregnation of SO4 2-/TiO2 as carrier with an aqueous solution of ammonium molybdate and used for the synthesis of transesterification of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)with phenol.A series of MoO3/SO4 2--TiO2 catalysts with different MoO3 loadings were investigated and characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR),NH3-temperature programmed desorption(NH3-TPD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that MoO3 loading is related to the activity of transesterification reaction.With the increase of MoO3 loading,the activity of transesterification reaction increases.The sulfur species in the catalyst have an influence on the molybdenum species,and lead to an increase in the electropositive of molybdenum,which promotes the catalytic activity of MoO3/SO4 2--TiO2.Among the series of catalysts prepared,MoO3/SO4 2--TiO2 with 10% MoO3 and 823 K calcinated is found to be the most active catalyst for transesterification reaction.Under the reaction conditions of 453 K and 12 h,the conversion of DMC is 30.5 %,and the yields of MPC and DPC reach 21.2 % and 8.7 %,respectively.

Direct Synthesis of Amine-functionalized Mesoporous Silica for CO_2 Adsorption

Amine-functionalized mesoporous silica was prepared by using lauric acid and N-stearoyl-l-glutamic acid as structure directing agents via the S-N+-I- mechanism and applied to CO2 adsorption at room temperature. With γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as co-structure directing agent and due to the direct electrostatic interaction with anionic surfactant, most of the amino groups were uniformly distributed at the inner surface of pores and the per- formance was stable. The amine-functionalized mesoporous silica was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption and thermogravimetric analysis. The CO2 adsorption capacity was measured by digital recording balance. At the room temperature and under the atmospheric pressure, the adsorption capacity of LAA-AMS-0.2 for CO2 and N2 is 1.40 mmol·g-1 and 0.03 mmol·g-1, respectively, indicating high separation coefficient of CO2/N2.

Adsorption of Chromium （VI） onto Activated Carbon Modified with KMnO4

The adsorption capacity of activated carbon modified with KMnO4 （potassium permanganate） for Cr（VI） from aqueous solution was investigated. The modified activated carbon was characterized by SEM （scanning electron microscopy）, FT-IR （Fourier transform infrared spectrometer）, and N2 adsorption/desorption tests. Adsorption of Cr（VI） from aqueous solution onto the activated carbon was investigated in a batch system. In the present study, the effect of various parameters such as pH, contact time and initial concentration on the adsorption capacity were determined by ICP-AES （inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry）. The Cr（VI） adsorption on the activated carbon conforms to the Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal adsorption equation. The rates of adsorption were found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetic. The modified activated carbon can be an effective adsorbent for Cr（VI） from the aqueous solution.

Classification of Barley according to Harvest Year and Species by Using Mid-infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis

In order to monitor malt quality in the malting industry, despite yearly variations in the barley quality, 394 barley samples were analysed using conventional （moisture, protein and B-glucan content） and mid-infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy FT-IR. The experimental dataset included barley from three harvest years, two barley species, 77 barley varieties, and two-row and six-row barley, from 16 cultivation sites. For each sample, the malt quality indices were also assessed according to European Brewing Convention （EBC） standards. Principal component analysis （PCA） was carried out on mean-centred, normalized and derivative spectra using 200/cm width spectral bands. The most informative spectral bands were observed in the 800-1,000/cm and 1,000-1,200/cm ranges. PCA revealed that barley harvested in 2010 and in 2011 had bands that were very close together, while 2009 harvest clearly displayed a difference in its quality. PCA made it possible to distinguish two species and confirmed that two-row winter barley quality was closer to two-row spring barley quality than to six-row winter barley. Results indicate that mid-infrared spectrometry （MIR） could be a very useful and rapid analytical tool to assess barley qualitative quality.

Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution Using Yukitsubaki Carbon

Adsorption of chromium （Cr） from aqueous solution onto Yukitsubaki carbon has been investigated in a batch system. The effect of pH, contact time and carbon dosage on the adsorption of Cr by Yukitsubaki carbon have been evaluated with ICP-AES （inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer） in order to obtain the optimum conditions for the Cr adsorption process. Adsorption isotherms of Cr onto the carbon were measured at varying initial concentrations under optimized condition. The surface properties of the carbon were characterized using N2-BET, SEM （scanning electron microscope） and FT-IR （Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy）. Consequently, the following matters have been mainly clarified. （1） Yukitsubaki carbon can be an efficient sorbent for Cr, particularly for cation species Cr（III）; （2） The effect of common ions on the adsorption of Cr was not significant, although the adsorption of Cr（VI） was inhibited under high concentrations of common ions; （3） Adsorption isotherms using the Yukitsubaki carbon can be generally described by Langmuir isotherm more satisfactorily for Cr. The adsorption may have occurred mainly by monolayer reaction; （4） The rates of adsorption were found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetics.

Sodium Citrate： A Universal Reducing Agent for Reduction/ Decoration of Graphene Oxide with Au Nanoparticles

A facile method is proposed for the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets （RGONS） and Au nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide nanosheet （Au-RGONS） hybrid materials, using graphene oxide （GO） as precursor and sodium citrate as reductant and stabilizer. The resulting RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid materials were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It was found that the RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid materials formed stable colloidal dispersions through hydrogen bonds between the residual oxygen-containing functionalities on the surface of RGONS and the hydroxyl/carboxyl groups of sodium citrate. The electrochemical responses of RGONS and Au-RGONS hybrid material-modified glassy carbon electrodes （GCE） to three kinds of biomolecules were investigated, and all of them showed a remarkable increase in electrochemical performance relative to a bare GCE.

Nanocarbon-based TEMPO as stable heterogeneous catalysts for partial oxidation of alcohols

Polymerized fullerene hollow spheres bonded with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl （TEMPO） have been successfully synthesized via amination of C6o with 4-amino-TEMPO in the presence of H202, and then cross- linked by 1,6-hexanediamine. The hollow spheres were analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectrometer, electron spin resonance and X-ray photoelectron spec- troscopy analysis, which indicated the presence of N-O free radicals in the products. When used as a typical heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones, it exhibited excellent activities, selectivity and recyclability. This synthesis route is convenient and effective, and may provide a new approach to developing immobilized full- erene based heterogeneous catalysts with high activity and recyclability.

A reduced combustion kinetic model for the methanol-gasoline blended fuels on SI engines.

A reduced combustion kinetic model for the methanol-gasoline blended fuels for SI engines was developed. Sensitivity analysis and rate constant variation methods were used to optimize the kinetic model. Flame propagation, shock-tube and jet-stirred reactor systems were modeled in CHEMKIN. The laminar flame speed, ignition delay time and change in concentrations of species were simulated using the reduced kinetic model. The simulation results of reduced chemical mechanism agreed well with the relevant experimental data published in the literature. The experimental investigations on engine bench were also carried out. The in-cylinder pressure and exhaust emissions were obtained by using a combustion analyzer and an FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectrometer. Meanwhile, an engine in-cylinder CFD model was established in AVL FIRE and was coupled with the proposed reduced chemical mechanism to simulate the combustion process of methanol-gasoline blends. The simulated combustion process showed good agreement with the engine experimental results and the predicted emissions were found to be in accordance with the FTIR results.