松辽大型浅水湖盆三角洲沉积特征及前缘相储层结构模型

松辽湖盆具有大、浅、缓、湖面波动迅速、波浪作用带宽和能量较弱的特点,形成了北部富有特色的大型河流三角洲沉积物。这一三角洲在垂向层序、骨架砂体类型、规模等诸多方面与海相三角洲相比都有很大差别,而更多的表现为浅水三角洲的特征。前缘相砂体具有明显的条带方向性,前缘相骨架砂体为水下河道沉积,缺乏典型的厚层反韵律的河口坝砂体。垂向上层序不连续,典型的三层结构特征不明显。在前缘相内可进一步划分出包括水下河道和席状砂组合的内前缘相沉积和以席状砂为主的外前缘相沉积。不同层段和亚相位置出现相应的砂体类型,每一类型砂体与泥岩在空间有规律的组合,形成了特定的储层空间分布结构,为储层结构模型的建立提供了基础。以砂体密度,夹层密度和有效砂岩系数等定量参数结合砂体组合形式,相带位置等成因特征,前缘相储层5类结构模型:即孤立水道型,叠加水道型,不稳定互层型,稳定互层型,孤立薄层型。

致密气有效砂体结构模型的构建方法及其应用

明确有效砂体规模及分布频率、搭建有效砂体结构模型,对于致密气井网优化调整及气田高效开发具有重要意义。以苏里格气田中区二叠系石盒子组8段、山西组1段、2段为研究对象,按照先搭建整体框架、再丰富层段细节的研究思路,提出了储层结构模型的4步构建方法和流程:①通过野外露头观测、沉积物理模拟等多手段拟合有效单砂体的长宽比和宽厚比等参数,测算有效单砂体平均规模;②充分利用开发中的海量数据,结合地质统计学、概率论等方法,对储层平面非均质性做一定的抽提和简化,判断多层叠合后每平方千米发育的有效单砂体个数;③基于不同砂组有效砂体发育频率、储量比例及单砂体厚度差异,明确各砂组有效单砂体规模及发育个数;④结合各小层有效砂体累计厚度及钻遇率,建立精确到开发小层的有效砂体结构模型。研究表明:①有效单砂体平均规模0.186 km^(2),平均储量0.0559×10^(8) m^(3);②在储量丰度约1.5×10^(8) m^(3)/km^(2)条件下,1 km^(2)发育25~30个有效单砂体;③在井距600 m、500 m、400 m、300 m下可分别控制38%、47%、57%、69%的有效砂体及53%、66%、76%、84%的储量;④随着井密度的增加,井网对有效砂体控制程度的增幅变大,对储量控制程度的增幅减小。

元坝长兴组生物礁储层精细雕刻技术

元坝长兴组生物礁储层纵向上多期次叠加,内幕结构十分复杂,精细雕刻难度大。在实际开发生产中研究生物礁内幕结构可为井位调整优化和井轨迹设计钻遇优质储层提供重要依据。通过单井相识别生物礁发育层段、地震模型正演建立地震响应模式、古地貌分析、地震属性优选、储层多参数定量预测进行礁平面展布研究,并应用三维可视化技术对礁体内幕精细雕刻,形成了一套针对生物礁储层内幕结构的精细雕刻技术。应用该技术对元坝长兴组生物礁储层进行开发井位部署及井位优化调整,大大提高了优质储层的钻遇率,后期钻井预测厚度的符合率达88.6%。

枣园油田自来屯地区孔一段储层成岩作用及其对开发效果的影响

本文针对枣园油田自来屯地区孔一段油藏开发效果差的实际情况,研究储集层砂岩岩矿特征、成岩作用及其对储集性能的影响、粘土矿物及储层结构模型与储层潜在敏感性及油层损害的关系,提出了油层保护措施。

BZ油田浅水三角洲储层地质建模研究

针对渤海湾浅水三角洲油藏分流河道纵向多期叠置,横向变化快的地质特点及开发早期钻井资料少和海上地震资料分辨率高的特点,运用储层沉积学原理,通过沉积模式、沉积微相和储层结构模型分类及其特征参数统计建立了储层地质知识库。在此基础上,结合地震资料建立了沉积相模型和相控约束下的储层参数模型,为油田开发方案优化和随钻跟踪提供了可靠的静态模型。经实钻开发井及生产动态资料证实,所建储层三维定量地质模型较准确地表征了储层砂体横向变化规律,能够为开发早期储层研究提供地质支撑。

水电工程坝基岩体质量三维可视量化研究

传统的工程岩体质量分析局限于统计图表、柱状图及剖面图等形式,难以充分表达岩体质量的空间分布规律。以实测获取的大量岩体物理力学指标离散测试数据为基础,利用属性对象三维储层栅格结构建模技术进行DSI插值计算,构建了研究区域的岩体质量单因素指标属性对象模型;基于对象属性脚本编程进行多因素指标耦合运算,构建了岩体综合质量指标属性对象模型,直观表征了单因素及多因素指标耦合的岩体质量三维空间拓扑关系和细节特征。结合叶巴滩水电站高拱坝布置,基于邻近网格点或单元将属性值传递到建基面空间曲面及受力区坝基岩体的三维模型网格,建基面岩体质量云图和坝基岩体质量属性对象模型能够以色谱的形式可视化表征岩体质量特性和缺陷岩体的分布,属性统计图表高效量化比较了各方案的岩体质量优劣。

Structure and production fluid flow pattern of post-fracturing high-rank coal reservoir in Southern Qinshui Basin

Field geological work, field engineering monitoring, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation were used to study the development characteristics of pore-fracture system and hydraulic fracture of No.3 coal reservoir in Southern Qinshui Basin. Flow patterns of methane and water in pore-fracture system and hydraulic fracture were discussed by using limit method and average method. Based on the structure model and flow pattern of post-fracturing high-rank coal reservoir, flow patterns of methane and water were established. Results show that seepage pattern of methane in pore-fracture system is linked with pore diameter, fracture width, coal bed pressure and flow velocity. While in hydraulic fracture, it is controlled by fracture height, pressure and flow velocity. Seepage pattern of water in pore-fracture system is linked with pore diameter, fracture width and flow velocity. While in hydraulic fracture, it is controlled by fracture height and flow velocity. Pores and fractures in different sizes are linked up by ultramicroscopic fissures, micro-fissures and hydraulic fracture. In post-fracturing high-rank coal reservoir, methane has level-three flow and gets through triple medium to the wellbore; and water passes mainly through double medium to the wellbore which is level-two flow.

Study on water saturation computation models in complex pore volcanic reservoir

Determination of water saturation is important for reservoir evaluation. When complex pore structures such as fracture and cavity are present in reservoir, Archie equation is no longer suitable. According to different models of pore structure division, the authors studied water saturation conlputation models. The results show that dual porosity system is divided into four models. The first model is based on dual laterolog, the second is Dual Porosity I , the third is Dual Porosity Ⅱ , and the last one is based on the conductive pore. Besides, the triple porosity system is triple porosity model. Compute water saturation was using all the above five models in volcanic reservoir in Songnan gas field. The triple porosity system is the most suitable model for water saturation computation in complex pore structure volcanic reservoir.