LNG储运安全性问题的非线性机理及其智能评价

随着我国对液化天然气 (LNG)的大量进口以及随之而来的LNG的广泛应用。LNG的储运安全性问题就显得越来越突出。传统的研究液化天然气的理论主要是运用经典的确定性理论 ,而LNG的分层、涡旋、扩散、爆炸、轰燃等现象是复杂的非线性动力系统 ,运用经典的确定性理论来研究这些现象 ,可能会抹杀其复杂性本质。文中通过研究LNG物性和状态变量对LNG分层、涡旋、泄漏、扩散、爆炸和轰燃的影响 ,归纳出LNG储运常见事故发生的热力条件和事故形成的特点。建立描述LNG涡旋的分形模型、描述对流分层和泄漏扩散的时空混沌模型、描述爆炸和轰燃的突变模型 ,并用耦合映象格子模型等方法对所建立的模型进行数值模拟 ,以达到定量描述LNG事故发生、发展过程的目的。用项目研究和调研所得的数据构成训练样本集 ,结合非线性理论、模糊理论、人工神经网络 ,构造出完整的预测和评价模型 ,实现了对LNG储运常见事故的实时预测和储运系统安全性的智能化评价 。

天然气的液化工艺和储运安全性初探

随着近些年来我国经济和科技的持续发展进步,国民生活水平不断提升,对于天然气的应用需求也日益增大。在天然气的液化和储存运输方面,当前阶段我国已经有了较为成熟的技术水平,但是从长远来看,要充分保证天然气在液化、储运以及使用过程中的安全,对于液化工艺和储运工作的研究还要继续加强。在天然气的应用过程中,最常用的就是液化天然气,在国民日常生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用。基于此,文章从天然气的液化工艺研究现状着手,首先简要分析了天然气液化的工艺技术,随后探讨了提高天然气储运安全性的具体对策。以此来供相关人士交流参考。

天然气的液化工艺和储运安全性研究

随着新能源战略的实施,天然气资源的开发力度显著增大,天然气在生产生活领域的广泛应用,使得人们对天然气的工艺要求、安全标准都明显提高。由于天然气性质的特殊性,液化和储运是天然气应用中的关键步骤,在当前的市场上,液化工艺越发多样,但储运安全事故时有发生,严重影响了天然气资源的价值。因此,液化工艺和储运安全是天然气领域人们关注的热点。基于此,本文详细分析了关于天然气的几种液化工艺,提出了关于储运安全的有关措施。

天然气的液化工艺和储运安全性探讨

在我国科技不断发展的背景下,人们生活质量不断提升,天然气的应用规模不断扩大。对于天然气的液化工艺、储存运输等环节来说,需要引入更加完善、安全、稳定的技术。对此,本文结合天然气的液化工艺现状,着重探讨了加强其储运安全性的相关策略。

Safety Aspects of Sustainable Storage Dams and Earthquake Safety of Existing Dams

The basic element in any sustainable dam project is safety, which includes the following safety elements： O structural safety, dam safety monitoring, operational safety and maintenance, and emergency planning. Long-term safety primarily includes the analysis of all hazards affecting the project; that is, hazards from the natural environment, hazards from the man-made environment, and project-specific and site-specific hazards. The special features of the seismic safety of dams are discussed. Large dams were the first structures to be systematically designed against earthquakes, starting in the 1930s. How- ever, the seismic safety of older dams is unknown, as most were designed using seismic design criteria and methods of dynamic analysis that are considered obsolete today. Therefore, we need to reevaluate the seismic safety of existing dams based on current state-of-the-art practices and rehabilitate deficient dams. For large dams, a site-specific seismic hazard analysis is usually recommended. Today, large dams and the safety-relevant elements used for controlling the reservoir after a strong earthquake must be able to withstand the ground motions of a safety evaluation earthquake. The ground motion parameters can be determined either by a probabilistic or a deterministic seismic hazard analysis. During strong earthquakes, inelastic deformations may occur in a dam; therefore, the seismic analysis has to be car- ried out in the time domain. Furthermore, earthquakes create multiple seismic hazards for dams such as ground shaking, fault movements, mass movements, and others. The ground motions needed by the dam engineer are not real earthquake ground motions but models of the ground motion, which allow the safe design of dams. It must also be kept in mind that darn safety evaluations must be carried out several times during the long life of large storage dams. These features are discussed in this paper.