The metal-acid bifunctional catalysts have been used for bio-oil upgrading and pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking. In this work, the effects of the metal-acid bifunctional catalyst prop- erties, including acidity, pore si...The metal-acid bifunctional catalysts have been used for bio-oil upgrading and pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking. In this work, the effects of the metal-acid bifunctional catalyst prop- erties, including acidity, pore size and supported metal on hydrocracking of pyrolytic lignin in supercritical ethanol and hydrogen were investigated at 260 ℃. A series of catalysts were prepared and characterized by BET, XRD, and NHa-TPD techniques. The results showed that enhancing the acidity of the catalyst without metal can promote pyrolytic lignin poly- merization to form more solid and condensation to produce more water. The pore size of microporous catalyst was smaller than mesoporous catalyst. Together with strong acid- ity, it caused pyrolytic lignin further hydrocrack to numerous gas. Introducing Ru into acidic catalysts promoted pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking and inhibited the polymerization and condensation, which caused the yield of pyrolytic lignin liquefaction product to increase significantly. Therefore, bifunctional catalyst with high hydrocracking activity metal Ru supported on materials with acidic sites and mesopores was imperative to get satisfactory results for the conversion of pyrolytic lignin to liquid products under supercritical conditions and hydrogen atmosphere.展开更多
We report a facile way to prepare sulfur(S) doped Ni4/5 Fe1/5-layered double hydroxide(LDH) electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER). The influence of S doping amount on the OER activity of the resulted Ni ...We report a facile way to prepare sulfur(S) doped Ni4/5 Fe1/5-layered double hydroxide(LDH) electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER). The influence of S doping amount on the OER activity of the resulted Ni Fe-LDHs was studied and the optimal surface S content was ca. 0.43 at%. The developed S-doped Ni Fe-LDH exhibits excellent OER catalyst activity in 1.0 M KOH with overpotential of only 257 m V at the current density of 10 m A cm^-2. Moreover, the catalyst could maintain high activity after 30 h stability test. The high activity of the S-doped Ni Fe-LDH catalysts may originate from the synergistic effect between S and the Fe sites. This work provides a simple but efficient way to improve the OER performance of transition metal oxides/(oxy)hydroxides.展开更多
The ZHC-01 hydrocracking catalyst, characterized by high hydrogenation activity, good selectivity for middle distillates, strong resistance to nitrogen poisoning, was prepared by co-gelling. The catalyst is not only s...The ZHC-01 hydrocracking catalyst, characterized by high hydrogenation activity, good selectivity for middle distillates, strong resistance to nitrogen poisoning, was prepared by co-gelling. The catalyst is not only suited to the single-stage hydrocracking process, but also to the first stage of serial hydrocracking process. In parallel with the fully loaded operation of the 1.4 Mt/a hydrocracking unit at the SINOPEC Qilu Petrochemical Company, a pilot test of the ZHC-01 catalyst was also carried out on the hydrocracking unit. The test results indicated that the activity, the yield of major target products and quality of the ZHC-01 catalyst could comply with the design requirements for the hydrocracking unit, and this catalyst could be applied in the hydrocracking unit. The commercial test results showed that the ZHC-01 catalyst, featuring good activity, stability, and flexibility in production, not only could meet the demand for producing environmentally friendly middle distillates, but could also increase the resource of optimized steam cracking feedstock.展开更多
文摘The metal-acid bifunctional catalysts have been used for bio-oil upgrading and pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking. In this work, the effects of the metal-acid bifunctional catalyst prop- erties, including acidity, pore size and supported metal on hydrocracking of pyrolytic lignin in supercritical ethanol and hydrogen were investigated at 260 ℃. A series of catalysts were prepared and characterized by BET, XRD, and NHa-TPD techniques. The results showed that enhancing the acidity of the catalyst without metal can promote pyrolytic lignin poly- merization to form more solid and condensation to produce more water. The pore size of microporous catalyst was smaller than mesoporous catalyst. Together with strong acid- ity, it caused pyrolytic lignin further hydrocrack to numerous gas. Introducing Ru into acidic catalysts promoted pyrolytic lignin hydrocracking and inhibited the polymerization and condensation, which caused the yield of pyrolytic lignin liquefaction product to increase significantly. Therefore, bifunctional catalyst with high hydrocracking activity metal Ru supported on materials with acidic sites and mesopores was imperative to get satisfactory results for the conversion of pyrolytic lignin to liquid products under supercritical conditions and hydrogen atmosphere.
文摘We report a facile way to prepare sulfur(S) doped Ni4/5 Fe1/5-layered double hydroxide(LDH) electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER). The influence of S doping amount on the OER activity of the resulted Ni Fe-LDHs was studied and the optimal surface S content was ca. 0.43 at%. The developed S-doped Ni Fe-LDH exhibits excellent OER catalyst activity in 1.0 M KOH with overpotential of only 257 m V at the current density of 10 m A cm^-2. Moreover, the catalyst could maintain high activity after 30 h stability test. The high activity of the S-doped Ni Fe-LDH catalysts may originate from the synergistic effect between S and the Fe sites. This work provides a simple but efficient way to improve the OER performance of transition metal oxides/(oxy)hydroxides.
文摘The ZHC-01 hydrocracking catalyst, characterized by high hydrogenation activity, good selectivity for middle distillates, strong resistance to nitrogen poisoning, was prepared by co-gelling. The catalyst is not only suited to the single-stage hydrocracking process, but also to the first stage of serial hydrocracking process. In parallel with the fully loaded operation of the 1.4 Mt/a hydrocracking unit at the SINOPEC Qilu Petrochemical Company, a pilot test of the ZHC-01 catalyst was also carried out on the hydrocracking unit. The test results indicated that the activity, the yield of major target products and quality of the ZHC-01 catalyst could comply with the design requirements for the hydrocracking unit, and this catalyst could be applied in the hydrocracking unit. The commercial test results showed that the ZHC-01 catalyst, featuring good activity, stability, and flexibility in production, not only could meet the demand for producing environmentally friendly middle distillates, but could also increase the resource of optimized steam cracking feedstock.
