对称N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺的合成研究

以二乙胺和丙烯酸甲酯为原料,经双键保护、催化胺解、催化热裂解、减压精馏等过程制得N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(DEAA)。考察了反应温度、反应时间、原材料配比对反应结果的影响。实验表明,对于加成反应过程,催化剂用量10%,反应时间12 h,反应温度55℃,甲醇与丙烯酸甲酯的配比为2.5∶1,丙烯酸甲酯的转化率为95.1%,产品收率为93.9%;催化胺解过程:催化剂用量2%,反应时间4 h,反应温度100℃,二乙胺与甲氧基丙酸甲酯的配比为1.15∶1,甲氧基丙酸甲酯的转化率为96.9%,产品收率为92.9%;催化裂解过程,反应时间为3 h,溶剂用量为78%左右,N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺的收率≥79%,产品总收率≥72%。

对称N,N-二丁基丙烯酰胺的合成研究

以二正丁胺和丙烯酸甲酯为主要原料,经双键保护、催化胺解、催化热裂解、减压精馏等过程制得N,N-二丁基丙烯酰胺(DBAA)。考察了反应温度、反应时间、原材料配比对反应结果的影响。结果表明,对于催化胺解过程:催化剂用量2.5%,反应时间5 h,反应温度140℃,二正丁胺与甲氧基丙酸甲酯的摩尔比为1.15∶1,甲氧基丙酸甲酯的转化率为96.5%,产品收率为91.9%;催化裂解过程,反应时间为4 h,溶剂用量为82%左右,N,N-二丁基丙烯酰胺的收率≥77%,产品总收率≥70%。

N-丙烯酰吗啉的合成研究

以吗啉和丙烯酸甲酯(MA)为主要原料,经双键保护、催化胺解、催化裂解等过程制得N-丙烯酰吗啉。考察了反应温度、时间、配比等参数对反应结果的影响,并确定了该步反应的最佳工艺条件。实验表明,对于加成反应过程,催化剂用量为10%(质量分数,下同),反应时间为12h,反应温度为55℃,甲醇与MA的量比为2.5∶1,MA的转化率为95.1%,产品收率(以MA计)为93.9%;催化胺解过程中,催化剂用量为2%,反应时间为4h,反应温度为120℃,吗啉与甲氧基丙酸甲酯的量比为1.15∶1,甲氧基丙酸甲酯的转化率大于96%,产品收率(以吗啉计)大于92%;催化裂解过程采用苯作为脱甲醇溶剂,用量为70%~90%左右,反应时间为3h,丙烯酰吗啉的收率(以吗啉计)大于78%,产品总收率(以吗啉计)大于71%,产品纯度大于99.0%。

1,6-六亚甲基二氨基甲酸酯合成研究进展

综述了几种合成1,6-六亚甲基二氨基甲酸酯(HDU)的路线,包括氯代甲酸酯胺解法、胺氧化羰化法、尿素醇解法和碳酸二甲酯(DMC)胺解法,认为碳酸二甲酯胺解法原料毒性小,过程温和,环境友好最具工业应用前景。对碱和L酸等碳酸酯胺解催化剂的研究进展进行了介绍和评述,认为开发低成本和易回收利用的高效胺解催化剂是提高HDU合成过程效率的关键。

Single Pt Atoms Supported on Oxidized Graphene as a Promising Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane

Based on density functional theory calculations,the full hydrolysis of per NH3BH3 molecule to produce three hydrogen molecules on single Pt atoms supported on oxidized graphene(Pt1/Gr-O)is investigated.It is suggested that the first hydrogen molecule is produced by the combination of two hydrogen atoms from two successive B-H bonds breaking.Then one H2O molecule attacks the left*BHNH3 group(*represents adsorbed state)to form*BH(H2O)NH3 and the elongated O-H bond is easily broken to produce*BH(OH)NH3.The second H2O molecule attacks*BH(OH)NH3 to form*BH(OH)(H2O)NH3 and the breaking of O-H bond pointing to the plane of Pt1/Gr-O results in the desorption of BH(OH)2NH3.The second hydrogen molecule is produced from two hydrogen atoms coming from two H2O molecules and Pt1/Gr-O is recovered after the releasing of hydrogen molecule.The third hydrogen molecule is generated by the further hydrolysis of BH(OH)2NH3 in water solution.The rate-limiting step of the whole process is the combination of one H2O molecule and*BHNH3 with an energy barrier of 16.1 kcal/mol.Thus,Pt1/Gr-O is suggested to be a promising catalyst for hydrolysis of NH3BH3 at room temperature.