構建“新子學”時代新的女性話語體系

傳統子學研究基本以男性話語體系為主,這導致傳統子學研究中女性話語缺失。同時,在傳統子學研究中,對先秦諸子女性觀的認識也存在頗多偏差。那麽,從當代女性的視域出發,建構女性話語體系'新子學',這無論對子學學術層面的研究,還是對當代女性話語體系的傳播,都具有重要意義。

傳統子學精神與“新子學”的責任和使命

從根本上説,傳統諸子尤其先秦諸子皆經濟之士,其精神品格是傲然不群的獨立人格、深切的憂國憫世情懷、强烈的責任感和義無反顧的踐行精神。當代'新子學'要繼承傳統子學的精神品格,以學術為根本,以經國濟世為目的,在强國復興的大業中發揮應有的歷史作用。

A preliminary phylogeny of Tipula and taxonomic placement of the subgenus Tipula (Sivatipula) (Diptera: Tipuloidea) based on mitochondrial COI gene

The large genus Tipula Linnaeus,1758 contributes heavily to the biodiversity of the family Tipulidae.However,the monophyly of Tipula has not yet been verified.The subgenus Sivatipula Alexander,1964 is possibly the most confusing subgeneric taxon in the genus Tipula because of its members’particularly long antenna and one-armed posterior immovable apodeme on semen pump,which makes its subgeneric position uncertain.In this research,the sequences of cytochrome oxidase I(COI)for 19 Tipula species and five taxa from other genera are analyzed.Considering the molecular evidence on genetic distance as well as phylogenetic analysis and morphological information,our results indicate that(1)the genus Tipula is not resolved as monophyletic in phylogeny based on neighbor joining(NJ)and maximum likelihood(ML)trees because the subgenus Sivatipula doesn’t form a monophyletic clade with the remaining subgenera of Tipula;and(2)Sivatipula may deserve a generic status since it forms an independent phylogenetic line.

Classical Theory of Hot－Electron Transport in Electric and Magnetic Fields

Balance equation approach to the hot-electron transport in electric and magnetic fields is reformulated. The balance equations are re-derived from the Boltzmann equation. A new expression for the distribution function is reported in the present paper. It is homogeneous steady solution of the Boltzmann equation in constant relaxation time approximation. It holds when or . As an example, the mobility of 2D electron gas in the GaAs-AlGaAs heterojunction is computed as a function of electric field and magnetic field.

Potential therapeutic applications for Terminalia chebula in Iranian traditional medicine

Terminalia chebula(family:Combretaceae)is widely used in the traditional medicine of India and Iran to treat diseases that include dementia,constipation,and diabetes.This tree is known in Iranian traditional medicine(ITM)as halileh or halilaj and the fruit is used to develop treatments.It is described in ITM as an astringent that has a"cold"and"dry"temperament.References to the medicinal properties of Terminalia chebula were collected from important ITM sources and from modern medical databases(Pub Med,Scirus,Science Direct,and Scopus).The medicinal properties described for thistree in ITM were compared with those reported in studies of modern phytotherapy.The results confirm that the tree referred to as halileh in traditional books is the Terminalia chebula used in present-day studies.Treatments that have not been evaluated in modern phytotherapy but have been traditionally treated with Terminalia chebula include fever,and psychological and psychiatric issues.This article confirms the medicinal uses of Terminalia chebula.

A possible new family of unconventional high temperature superconductors

We suggest a new family of Co[Ni-based materials that may host unconventional high temperature superconductivity （high-To）. These materials carry layered square lattices with each layer being formed by vertex-shared transition metal tetrahedra cation-anion complexes. The electronic physics in these materials is determined by the two dimensional layer and is fully attributed to the three near degenerated t2g d-orbitals close to a d7 filling configuration in the d-shell of CoJNi atoms. The electronic structure meets the necessary criteria for unconventional high Tc materials proposed recently by us to unify the two known high-Tc families, cuprates and iron-based superconductors. We predict that they host superconducting states with a d-wave pairing symmetry with Tc potentially higher than those of iron-based superconductors. These materials, if realized, can be a fertile new ground to study strongly correlated electronic Physics and provide decisive evidence for superconducting pairing mechanism.

Statistical measures of genetic differentiation of populations： Rationales, history and current states

Population differentiation is a fundamental process of evolution, and many evolutionary studies, such as population genetics, phylogeography and conservation biology, all require the inference of population differentiation. Recently, there has been a lot of debate over the validity of FST （and its analogue Gsr） as a measure for population genetic differentiation, notably since the proposal of the new index D in 2008. Although several papers reviewed or explored specific features of these statistical measures, a succinct account of this bewildering issue with an overall update appears to be desirable. This is the purpose of the present review. The available statistics generally fall into two categories, represented by Fsv and D, respectively. None of them is perfect in measuring population genetic differentiation. Nevertheless, they each have advantages and are valuable for current re- search. In practice, both indices should be calculated and a comparison of them can generate useful insights into the evolutionary processes that influence population differentiation. FsT （GsT） has some unique irreplaceable characteristics assuring its standing as the default measure for the foreseeable near future. Also, it will continue to serve as the standard for any alternative measures to contrast with. Instead of being anxious about making choice between these indices, one should pay due attention to the equili-brium status and the level of diversity （especially Hs） of the populations, since they largely sway the power of a given statistic to address a specific question. We provide a multi-faceted comparative summary of the various statistics, which can serve as a basic reference for readers to guide their applications [Current Zoology 61 （5）： 886-897, 2015].

Uniform Deterministic Discrete Method for Radiative Viewfactors in Complex Geometric Systems

Based on the analysis of uniform sampling theorem, this paper presented the uniform deterndnistic discrete method (UDDM) for computing the diffuse radiation viewfactors in complex geometrical systems. The accuracy, speed and convergence are discussed or compared with that of Monte Carlo Method (MCM) in order to demonstrate the advantages of UDDM.

Application of Systems Biology Technology in Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Systems biology is an emerging science of the 21st century and its method and design of study resemble those of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Adopting systems biology technology will help to understand TCM Syndromes and modernize Chinese herbal medicine. The technology platforms of systems biology, especially proteomics can provide useful tools for exploring essence of TCM syndromes and understanding principle of herbal formulation. Moreover, compared with methods of molecular biology, such as genomics and proteomics, metabolomics provide more direct, rapid, concise and effective methods for study of kidney disease especially in the case of prevention and treatment with TCM.

Low-temperature heat transport of spin-gapped quantum magnets

This article reviews low-temperature heat transport studies of spin-gapped quantum magnets in the last few decades. Quantum magnets with small spins and low dimensionality exhibit a variety of novel phenomena. Among them, some systems are characteristic of having quantum-mechanism spin gap in their magnetic excitation spectra, including spin-Peierls systems, S=1Haldane chains, S= 1/2 spin ladders, and spin dimmers. In some particular spin-gapped systems, the XY-type antiferromagnetic state induced by magnetic field that closes the spin gap can be described as a magnon Bose-Einstein condensation(BEC). Heat transport is effective in probing the magnetic excitations and magnetic phase transitions, and has been extensively studied for the spin-gapped systems. A large and ballistic spin thermal conductivity was observed in the two-leg Heisenberg S=1/2 ladder compounds. The characteristic of magnetic thermal transport of the Haldane chain systems is quite controversial on both the theoretical and experimental results. For the spin-Peierls system, the spin excitations can also act as heat carriers. In spin-dimer compounds, the magnetic excitations mainly play a role of scattering phonons. The magnetic excitations in the magnon BEC systems displayed dual roles, carrying heat or scattering phonons, in different materials.