景象匹配正确定位概率的实验研究

景象匹配的理论分析结论揭示了景象匹配正确定位概率与实时图的信噪比和独立像元数的关系。文中通过对真实影像数据的景象匹配的结果统计给出了正确定位概率与信噪比和独立像元数的关系 ,并将该结果与理论结果进行了比较 ,对其中差异进行了分析解释。

基于正则表达式的图像目标特征提取方法研究

针对图像匹配过程中生成匹配模板复杂度高的问题,根据应用场景下被识别物轮廓、颜色和空间相对位置等物理特征不变的特性,通过建立基于颜色、线条、位置等信息的基础像元素库,并利用正则表达式的组织语法对这些基础元素进行先验知识的有序组织,赋予它们描述待匹配目标匹配特征的能力,从而能够快速构建出被识别物的匹配模板,缩短图像识别过程中模板生成时间,提高图像识别效率。实验结果表明:基于正则表达式特征提取的目标识别方法能够快速、准确对目标进行识别。在固定视角下其识别率为87.5%,平均识别时间为60.3 ms。相比较于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)和加速鲁莽特征(SURF)算法,该算法在固定视角下的识别精度和识别效率均有所提高。

全部像元参加的影像几何匹配算法

影像几何匹配之目的是从确定对应的影像中提取其间的几何转换参数,在摄影测量测图、变形物面监测和飞行平台动态性能分析等方面有许多实用需求。不同于普遍悉知的特征点影像匹配算法,本文研究的算法是把对应影像内的全部像元素参加匹配运算,从而按最小二乘准则求解对应影像间的几何转换参数值。文中阐述了算法原理,包括灰度对应方程、信息量不等式及最小二乘求解方法,尤其是详细探讨了灰度信息的小波分析及由信噪比计算信息量的方法。为验证本文的理论和方法,采用了直升机载视频相机的序列影像进行了试验,给出了相对定向元素和视差格网的两种解算结果。最后给出了本文方法与传统特征点匹配方法可利用信息量不等式进行对比分析的结论。

前视红外视觉导航定点修正导航区选取方法

针对飞行器前视红外视觉导航技术中导航区选取问题,提出了一种实用的定点修正导航区选取方法。结合导航任务,通过对红外与可见光图像共性特征的分析,以独立像元素、边缘密度、图像自匹配系数为分类指标,设计了一种有效的导航区选取分级搜索方法,给出了方法的基本原理、实现步骤及流程图。同时给出一种实用的匹配仿真验证方法,并通过大量仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。

气象卫星混合像元分解研究综述

介绍目前气象卫星混合像元分解的几种主要方法，探讨各种方法的适用性，提出几点改进建议。

Non-iterative image feature matching algorithm based on reference point correspondences

Based on the coded and non-coded targets, the targets are extracted from the images according to their size, shape and intensity etc., and thus an improved method to identify the unique identity（D） of every coded target is put forward and the non-coded and coded targets are classified. Moreover, the gray scale centroid algorithm is applied to obtain the subpixel location of both uncoded and coded targets. The initial matching of the uncoded target correspondences between an image pair is established according to similarity and compatibility, which are based on the ID correspondences of the coded targets. The outliers in the initial matching of the uncoded target are eliminated according to three rules to finally obtain the uncoded target correspondences. Practical examples show that the algorithm is rapid, robust and is of high precision and matching ratio.

Edge detection method for remote sensing image based on morphological variable structuring element

There are problems such as incomplete edges and poor noise suppression when a single fixed morphological structuring element is used to detect the edges in remote sensing images. For this reason, a morphological edge detection method for remote sensing image based on variable structuring element is proposed. Firstly, the structuring elements with different scales and multiple directions are constructed according to the diversity of remote sensing imagery targets. In order to suppress the noise of the target background and highlight the edge of the image target in the remote sensing image by adaptive Top hat and Bottom hat transform, the corresponding adaptive morphological operations are constructed based on variable structuring elements; Secondly, adaptive morphological edge detection is used to obtain multiple images with different scales and directional edge features; Finally, the image edges are obtained by weighted summation of each direction edge, and then the least square is used to fit the edges for accurate location of the edge contour of the target. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only can detect the complete edge of remote sensing image, but also has high edge detection accuracy and superior anti-noise performance. Compared with classical edge detection and the morphological edge detection with a fixed single structuring element, the proposed method performs better in edge detection effect, and the accuracy of detection can reach 95 %

Large Area Flat-screen Liquid Crystal Television

A modular flat-screen liquid crystal television display is described.The picture elements of the modules may be emissive,reflective or transmissive.The flat-screen liquid crystal television also comprised of an electrical control circuit capable of categorizing incoming television picture signals corresponding to the modules in the array and directing the electrical signals to the drive circuits of each module according to the portion of the television picture to be reproduced by the picture elements of that module.The picture elements are preferably formed in a light modulating film composed of a liquid crystal dispersion in a polymeric binder.A color display was also produced by placing a patterned red-green-blue filter adjacent the active matrix so that each picture element could also be coordinated with the color components of a color video signal.

A method of remote sensing image water segmentation based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements

The use of visible and infrared remote sensing images to calculate the water area is an effective means to grasp the basic situation of water resources,and water segmentation is the premise of statistics.Generally,the edge features of the water in the remote sensing images are complex.When the traditional morphology is used for image segmentation,it is easy to change the image edge and affect the accuracy of image segmentation because the fixed structuring elements are used to perform morphological operations on the image.To segment water in the remote sensing image accurately,a remote sensing image water segmentation method based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements is proposed.Firstly,the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the image are estimated by linear structure tensor,and the elliptical structuring elements are constructed by the eigenvalue and eigenvector.Then adaptive morphological operations are defined,combining the close operation to eliminate the influence of dark detail noise on water without overstretching the water edge,so that the water edge can be maintained more accurately.Finally,on this basis,the water area can be segmented by gray slice.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher segmentation accuracy and the average segmentation error is less than 1.43%.

A variation pixels identification method based on kernel spatial attraction model and local entropy for robust endmember extraction

A variation pixels identification method was proposed aiming at depressing the effect of variation pixels, which dilates the theoretical hyperspectral data simplex and misguides volume evaluation of the simplex. With integration of both spatial and spectral information, this method quantitatively defines a variation index for every pixel. The variation index is proportional to pixels local entropy but inversely proportional to pixels kernel spatial attraction. The number of pixels removed was modulated by an artificial threshold factor α. Two real hyperspectral data sets were employed to examine the endmember extraction results. The reconstruction errors of preprocessing data as opposed to the result of original data were compared. The experimental results show that the number of distinct endmembers extracted has increased and the reconstruction error is greatly reduced. 100% is an optional value for the threshold factor α when dealing with no prior knowledge hyperspectral data.

The Makings of an Icon： Analysis of Photograph of Israeli Soldiers

This study analyses an iconic photograph of Israeli paratroopers, photographed in Jerusalem in 1967. It explores how visual and formal structural components in the image function in this photograph and how they contribute to the process of creating an icon. It explores the mechanisms that exist in visual icons and addresses the question of why some press photographs turn into iconic images while other do not, and if there is a connection between the visual structural elements in the images and the way they are perceived by the public. The study discusses how this visual logic correlates with other elements such as public opinion and myths.

Individualized Pixel Synthesis and Characterization of Combinatorial Materials Chips

Conventionally, an experimentally determined phase diagram requires studies of phase formation at a range of temperatures for each composition, which takes years of effort from multiple research groups. Combinatorial materials chip technology, featuring high-throughput synthesis and characterization, is able to determine the phase diagram of an entire composition spread of a binary or ternary system at a single temperature on one materials library, which, though significantly increasing efficiency, still requires many libraries processed at a series of temperatures in order to complete a phase diagram. In this paper, we propose a "one-chip method" to construct a complete phase diagram by individually synthesizing each pixel step by step with a progressive pulse of energy to heat at different temperatures while monitoring the phase evolution on the pixel in situ in real time. Repeating this process pixel by pixel throughout the whole chip allows the entire binary or ternary phase diagram to be mapped on one chip in a single experiment. The feasibility of this methodology is demonstrated in a study of a Ge-Sb-Te ternary alloy system, on which the amorphouscrystalline phase boundary is determined.

Biomechanics of the Intervertebral Disc in Compression： Experimental and Numerical Study

Loading history and age are factors for disc degeneration and disc biomechanics; however, their relationship is unclear. To evaluate disc biomechanics, we conducted an experimental, anatomical and numerical approach to distinguish discs with mild and severe degeneration. In the experimental procedure, 10 cadaveric lumbar discs are tested to static and dynamic compression, and the elastic and viscous moduli and the dynamic parameters are reported. The morphology of disc degeneration is gained with MRI （magnetic resonance imaging） and used to generate a nonlinear finite element model of a degenerated disc, and assisted with the experimental results in order to numerically investigate the distribution of stresses and strains within the disc. The results show a promising methodology for the study of intervertebral disc biomechanics and in general other tissues, organs and medical devices.

NanoSIMS imaging method of zircon U-Pb dating

We report an imaging method of zircon U-Pb dating with NanoSIMS 50 L, which overcomes the significant U-Pb fractionation as the pit was sputtered deeper during conventional spot mode analysis and can be applied to irregular small grains or heterogeneous areas of zircon. The U-Pb and Pb-Pb ages can be acquired simultaneously for 2 μm×2 μm(for small grains) or 1 μm×9 μm(for zoned grains), together with Zr, Y and other trace elements distributions. Using zircon M257 as standard, the U-Pb ages of other zircon standards, including Qinghu, Plesovice, Temora and 91500, were measured to(2σ) as158.8±0.8, 335.9±3.4, 412.0±12 and 1067±12 Ma, respectively, consistent with the recommended values within the analytical uncertainties. Tiny zircon grains in the impact melt breccia of the lunar meteorite SaU 169 were also measured in this study,with a Pb-Pb age of 3912±14 Ma and a U-Pb age of 3917±17 Ma, similar to previous results reported for the same meteorite.The imaging method was also applied to determine U-Pb age of the thin overgrowth rims of Longtan metamorphic zircon, with a Pb-Pb age of 1933±27 Ma and a U-Pb age of 1935±25 Ma, clearly distinct from the Pb-Pb age of 2098±61 Ma and the U-Pb age of 2054±40 Ma for detrital cores.