从多模态话语分析视角看广告语言的映像象似性

语言的象似性指语言的表达形式与其表达的内容之间有某种象似关系。在广告英语中,映像象似性广泛存在于语言的音系、排版、字体等多模态手段中,是人们有意识使用的一种手段。搜集大量21世纪以来的品牌广告语料,试图通过多模态话语分析理论对英语广告中映像象似原则及其功能进行较为全面的分析,从而说明映像象似性理论在广告语言中的恰当运用,并证明认知语言学的相似性与功能语言学的多模态话语分析相结合的新领域研究方向。

试论来知德的像象观与错综说

像象观和错综说,是来氏易学中的两大创见。来知德所谓的易象内涵,包含"事理之彷佛近似"和"可以想像"两个层面。这一像象观,是对《系辞传》以来的模写说、特别是朱熹易象说的一个重大发展和推进,其实质是对易模写说如何可能和如何建构这一问题所作的覃思和论说。错,在形式上指的是爻性皆对整相反的两个卦。综的形式则有两种:一是四正之卦在别卦中或上或下的变化;二是四隅之卦或一别卦与其颠倒后所得之卦之间的关系。而综的第一种形式,似从未有学者注意到和发明过。错、综虽形式各异,但二者得以确立的形上学理据却都是阴阳之理:错实质上是阴阳的相互对待,综则是阴阳的上下流行。在来氏易学中,错综不仅是取象条例,而且是卦序的内在建构原则。来知德的像象观和错综说,在易学史上具有非常重要的意义。

钱一本以人道通三才的“像象”说释《易》析论

钱一本为明代重要学者,尤精于《易》,着有《像象管见》《像抄》《续像抄》《范衍》等《易》学相关论著。鉴于前贤将钱氏定位在回归汉《易》,或仅扣合《像象管见》顺着讲,故拟深入深究,考察钱氏对历代《易》学的反思,及“像象”哲学与释《易》实践。钱氏《易》学强调四圣一心,主张《易》本圣人之道言占筮,释卦以上下二体之卦及中爻互体之三画卦为基础,重视卦主,对“承”“乘”“比”“应”例有所反省。又由六十四卦提出象数原则,并揭示所蕴含义理。透过《易》经传建构“像象”哲学。天地之象、理由人体现,人事之象、理体现天地万象及众理,并以“心”为三才之本。钱氏的“像象”《易》学开启《易》学研究新视野。

卡明斯诗歌的映像象似性研究

美国诗人卡明斯善用特殊的语言符号或有意地改变诗歌语言形式来表达情感,风格独特。而语言象似性所关注的就是语言符号与思维对象之间的相似现象。运用象似性理论能挖掘出卡明斯个性诗歌语言形式下蕴含的诗意。

李清照词的象似性分析

本文运用象似性理论分析李清照词中的映像象似,拟象象似和隐喻象似,从而揭示诗词中形式与意义的深层含义及认知机制,证明象似性理论的阐释力,也为诗词赏析提供一种新的视角。

新闻标题的象似性分析

象似性理论的主要原则(映像象似、拟象象似和隐喻象似等)在新闻标题的句子结构、修辞、字体、排版等方面都有体现。运用象似性理论分析新闻标题,有助于帮助读者理解新闻标题的语言特点,挖掘更多新闻背后隐含的意义。

想像与想象——兼论康德哲学中的Einbildungskraft的翻译问题

在西方,人们很早就区分了两种想象的能力,一种是依据经验的联想规则进行想象的再生想像力,一种是通过虚构和抽象获得形象的生产性想象力。汉语虽然也有两种表达法,一种是想像力,一种是想象力,但人们并没有在二者之间做出区分,二者在字形上的区别恰好可以对应于上述两种想象力。据此,康德哲学中的Einbildungskraft也应该翻译为想象力。

关联理论视阙下的诗歌语篇映像象似研究

从关联理论的视角,以现代主义和意象主义诗歌为语料,对诗歌语篇中的映像象似性进行认知语用分析。从语音象似性（音义联觉、音丛象征及音韵象征）和笔相象似性（字母象似、语篇象似及标点象似）两方面分析。从关联理论视角看,诗歌创作与鉴赏实质上是发生在诗人和读者之间的一种明示—推理交际。其影响变量有两个,读者理解象似诗歌付出的处理努力及其获得的语境效果。

Fluorescence-assisted Image Analysis of Harmful Microalgae

In order to realize the detection and analysis of microalgae in sediment samples with complex scenes, the project takes advantage of the character of microalgae that they can auto-fluoresce when exposed to the illumination of certain exciation waves. The project takes grey-scale and fluorescent pictures of microalgae in the same field of view and uses the image processing technique to deal with the images, such as threshold segmentation, contour and texture analysis and pattern recognition. The results show that the fluorescent image can effectively elimate the yawp in the complex background and make the consequent image processing more effective and easy. Then the project comes to the conclusion that fluorescence-assisted image processing can realize the detection and analysis of microalgae in sediment samples containing complex scenes.

LOCALIZATION OF OBJECT (SPINE) IN MEDICAL IMAGE USING ACTIVE SHAPE MODELS

Active shape models (ASM), consisting of a shape model and a local gray-level appearance model, can be used to locate the objects in images. In original ASM scheme, the model of object′s gray-level variations is based on the assumption of one-dimensional sampling and searching method. In this work a new way to model the gray-level appearance of the objects is explored, using a two-dimensional sampling and searching technique in a rectangular area around each landmark of object shape. The ASM based on this improvement is compared with the original ASM on an identical medical image set for task of spine localization. Experiments demonstrate that the method produces significantly fast, effective, accurate results for spine localization in medical images.

速度与广角的混合体——理光Caplio GX8数码相机

近两年内理光（Ricoh)逐渐加快了推陈出新的速度，品牌出镜率日渐频繁，GX8是理光新推出的一款体积小视野广的数码相机，拥有理光DC广角，快拍，近摄等优点。28mm大广角的3倍光学变焦镜头，配合800万像象对于家庭户外出游时的风光摄影绰绰有余了。同时1厘米的超近距离摄影能力，能捕捉更多的微小细节。

Migration scheme for imaging offset VSP data within local phase space

The imaging of offset VSP data in local phase space can improve the image of the subsurface structure near the well.In this paper,we present a migration scheme for imaging VSP data in a local phase space,which uses the Gabor-Daubechies tight framebased extrapolator（G-D extrapolator） and its high-frequency asymptotic expansion to extrapolate wavefields and also delineates an improved correlation imaging condition in the local angle domain.The results for migrating synthetic and real VSP data demonstrate that the application of the high-frequency G-D extrapolator asymptotic expansion can effectively decrease computational complexity.The local angle domain correlation imaging condition can be used to weaken migration artifacts without increasing computation.

Pore structure of ore granular media by computerized tomography image processing

The pore structure images of ore particles located at different heights of leaching column were scanned with X-ray computerized tomography (CT) scanner, the porosity and pore size distribution were calculated and the geometrical shape and connectivity of pores were analyzed based on image process method, and the three dimensional reconstruction of pore structure images was realized. The results show that the porosity of ore particles bed in leaching column is 42.92%, 41.72%, 39.34% at top, middle and bottom zone, respectively. Obviously it has spatial variability and decreases appreciably along the height of the column. The overall average porosity obtained by image processing is 41.33% while the porosity gotten from general measurement method in laboratory is 42.77% showing the results of both methods are consistent well. The pore structure of ore granular media is characterized as a dynamical space network composed of interconnected pore bodies and pore throats. The ratio of throats with equivalent diameter less than 1.91 mm to the total pores is 29.31%, and that of the large pores with equivalent diameter more than 5.73 mm is 2.90%.

Review of Remotely Sensed Imagery Classification Patterns Based on Object-oriented Image Analysis

With the wide use of high-resolution remotely sensed imagery, the object-oriented remotely sensed informa- tion classification pattern has been intensively studied. Starting with the definition of object-oriented remotely sensed information classification pattern and a literature review of related research progress, this paper sums up 4 developing phases of object-oriented classification pattern during the past 20 years. Then, we discuss the three aspects of method- ology in detail, namely remotely sensed imagery segmentation, feature analysis and feature selection, and classification rule generation, through comparing them with remotely sensed information classification method based on per-pixel. At last, this paper presents several points that need to be paid attention to in the future studies on object-oriented RS in- formation classification pattern: 1) developing robust and highly effective image segmentation algorithm for multi-spectral RS imagery; 2) improving the feature-set including edge, spatial-adjacent and temporal characteristics; 3) discussing the classification rule generation classifier based on the decision tree; 4) presenting evaluation methods for classification result by object-oriented classification pattern.

Automatic Tracing and Segmentation of Rat Mammary Fat Pads in MRI Image Sequences Based on Cartoon-Texture Model

The growth patterns of mammary fat pads and glandular tissues inside the fat pads may be related with the risk factors of breast cancer.Quantitative measurements of this relationship are available after segmentation of mammary pads and glandular tissues.Rat fat pads may lose continuity along image sequences or adjoin similar intensity areas like epidermis and subcutaneous regions.A new approach for automatic tracing and segmentation of fat pads in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) image sequences is presented,which does not require that the number of pads be constant or the spatial location of pads be adjacent among image slices.First,each image is decomposed into cartoon image and texture image based on cartoon-texture model.They will be used as smooth image and feature image for segmentation and for targeting pad seeds,respectively.Then,two-phase direct energy segmentation based on Chan-Vese active contour model is applied to partitioning the cartoon image into a set of regions,from which the pad boundary is traced iteratively from the pad seed.A tracing algorithm based on scanning order is proposed to accurately trace the pad boundary,which effectively removes the epidermis attached to the pad without any post processing as well as solves the problem of over-segmentation of some small holes inside the pad.The experimental results demonstrate the utility of this approach in accurate delineation of various numbers of mammary pads from several sets of MRI images.

Flotation bubble seed image filling algorithm based on boundary point features

Bubble seed image filling is an important prerequisite for the image segmentation of flotation bubble that can be used to improve flotation automatic control. These common image filling algorithms in dealing with complex bubble image exists under-filling and over-filling problems. A new filling algorithm based on boundary point feature and scan lines ~PFSL） is proposed in the paper. The filling a｜gorithm describes these boundary points of image objects by means of chain codes. The features of each boundary point, including convex points, concave points, left points and right points, are defined by the point＇s entrancing chain code and leaving chain code. The algorithm firstly finds out all double-matched boundary points based on the features of boundary points, and fill image objects by these double-matched boundary points on scan lines. Experimental results of bubble seed image filling show that under-filling and over-filling problem can be eliminated by the proposed algorithm.

Design of Content-Based Retrieval System in Remote Sensing Image Database

To retrieve the object region efficaciously from massive remote sensing image database, a model for content-based retrieval of remote sensing image is given according to the characters of remote sensing image application firstly, and then the algorithm adopted for feature extraction and multidimensional indexing, and relevance feedback by this model are analyzed in detail. Finally, the contents intending to be researched about this model are proposed.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging diagnosis on assessment of vascularity in liver metastatic lesions

AIM: To investigate the vasculature of rabbit liver metastatic lesions by color Doppler imaging and power Doppler imaging (PDI) techniques.METHODS: Eight New Zealand rabbits with implanted VX2 liver tumors were used. All ultrasound examinations were performed with a HP 5500 color Doppler ultrasound scanner. Before and after the injection of contrast agent, the changes of gray scale and the periphery and intralesional blood flow of the liver metastatic lesion were carefully observed by B mode ultrasound, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI)and PDI.RESULTS: Twelve lesions were found in the eight rabbits with implanted VX2 liver tumors, whose diameter rangedfrom 1.6 to 4.8 cm. Echoes of these lesions were not characterized and has lack of specificity. After the injectionof contrast agent, the numbers of dot or strip-like flow messages increased both at the periphery and inside of these lesions under the mode of CDFI and PDI, and were more pronounced under PDI. Morphology of intralesional vessels extended, even branched and some signals were clearly found encircling the lesion. And some vessels were found penetrating into the center of the lesion.CONCLUSION: PDI after injection of self-made echo contrast agent can show a pronounced sensitivity than that of B mode ultrasound and CDFI in diagnosis of vascularity of a metastatic lesion.

Glacier change in the western Nyainqentanglha Range,Tibetan Plateau using historical maps and Landsat imagery:1970-2014

Glaciers in the western Nyainqentanglha Range are an important source of water for social and economic development. Changes in their area were derived from two Chinese glacier inventories; one from the 197o 1：5o,ooo scale Chinese Topographic Maps series and the other from Landsat TM/ETM＋ images acquired in 2009. Analyses also included boundaries from 2000 and 2014 Landsat TM/ETM＋ images. A continuing and accelerating shrinkage of glaciers occurred here from 1970 to 2014, with glacier area decreasing by 244.38±29.48 km^2 （27.4%±3.3%） or 0.62%±0.08% a^-1. While this is consistent with a changing climate, local topographic parameters, such as altitude, slope, aspect and debris cover, are also important influences. Recession is manifested by a rise in the elevation of the glacier terminus. The shrinkage of glaciers with NE, N and NW orientations exceeded that of other aspects, and glaciers with SE and S orientations experienced less shrinkage. Changes in the average positive difference of glaciation （PDG） show that the western Nyainqentanglha Range has unfavorable conditions for glacier maintenance which is being exacerbated by a warming climate since 1970.

Portal hypertension: Imaging of portosystemic collateral pathways and associated image-guided therapy

Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome, defined by a pathologic increase in the portal venous pressure. Increased resistance to portal blood flow, the primary factor in the pathophysiology of portal hypertension, is in part due to morphological changes occurring in chronic liver diseases. This results in rerouting of blood flow away from the liver through collateral pathways to low-pressure systemic veins. Through a variety of computed tomographic, sonographic, magnetic resonance imaging and angiographic examples, this article discusses the appearances and prevalence of both common and less common portosystemic collateral channels in the thorax and abdomen. A brief overview of established interventional radiologic techniques for treatment of portal hypertension will also be provided. Awareness of the various imaging manifestations of portal hypertension can be helpful for assessing overall prognosis and planning proper management.