信息模型驱动的信息系统开发与元信息系统

The development of Information System has been experienced four phases: Computing Central ,Data Cen-tral,Object Central phase,and Model Central phase under developing. Information Model in UML will be the core ofdevelopment of Information System. In order to manage Information Model,Artifacts of system development (such asmodels, documents ,source codes and components),the development process and the running of information system,an information system of information systems,Meta Information System ,must be built. Meta Information Systemwill become a Computer Integrated Manufacture System (CIMS)of Software Enterprise.

基于XML的地理信息元数据系统

首先对地理信息元数据的内容从不同角度进行了研究:地理信息元数据内容由描述数据自身的元数据信息和描述数据之间关系的元数据信息构成;根据地理信息元数据的规范程度对地理信息元数据进行分类,随规范程度递减分为标准元数据、共识元数据和用户元数据;同时还分析了利用XML来表示地理信息元数据方法.最后,设计了一个基于XML的地理信息元数据系统GeoMeta,对其体系结构和各个部分的功能进行了分析,并详细介绍了基于XML的地理信息元数据存储和查询策略.

基于EDC的书目元信息管理系统设计与实现

DublinCore(简称DC)是Internet上一种适用于普通电子文档元数据的规范 ,而文献信息领域的元数据规范为MARC标准。为了实现大量的MARC书目数据在Internet上的重用 ,本文对DC进行了扩展 ,在此基础上设计并实现了一个基于EDC(ExtendedDublinCore)的书目元信息管理系统 ,讨论了其中的关键技术 ,系统的成功运行证明了设计方案的可行性。

基于XML的地理信息元数据系统的查询策略

GeoMeta是一个基于XML的地理信息元数据系统。文章在简要介绍了GeoMeta系统的系统结构和系统组成后,对GeoMeta系统中的地理信息元数据查询策略进行了详细的阐述,主要包括非结构化查询、结构化查询和半结构化查询等3种查询策略。

基于角色的城市基础地理信息元数据目录系统访问控制模型研究与实现

提出基于角色访问控制的城市基础地理信息元数据目录系统模型,对用户角色/权限管理进行探讨,同时,对系统访问控制流程进行深入研究并予以系统实现.实践表明,采用该模型降低了系统管理的复杂程度,使其在网络上安全可靠地运行.

基于知识的信息系统设计

信息系统的开发经历了以处理为中心、数据为中心、对象为中心和正在发展的以模型为中心的4个阶段。以统一建模语言(UML)表达的信息模型将成为信息系统开发的核心,为了管理信息模型、系统开发成果(模型、文档、源码和组件)、开发过程和系统的运行,需要建立一个信息系统的信息系统,即元信息系统。元信息系统将成为信息企业的计算机制造集成系统(CIMS)。

元概念与电子政务建设

e-Gov已经成为公共管理通向信息社会的标界和路由,在阐释了电子政务的内涵和实际调查的基础上,分析我国当前电子政务建设中信息共享存在的问题,提出了用元概念的技术、方法和管理理念解决我国电子政务建设过程中出现的部分偏差。

面向服务的城市基础地理信息元数据目录系统研究与实现

为了更好地满足网络化用户的应用需求,本文研究设计面向服务的城市基础地理信息元数据目录系统,其整个体系由门户应用层、核心服务层和基础数据层三个层次构成。本文所研究的目录系统应用了基于角色的访问控制模型,并基于.NET平台进行系统开发,以更好地实现地理信息元数据服务功能。

基于博弈论的大型涵洞安全评估模糊可拓模型及其应用

鉴于目前评估涵洞安全性态仍采用传统经验评估法,对各评价指标仅限于定性分析,且未考虑各指标的重要性程度,以影响大型涵洞安全性态的因素多具有模糊性和不确定性的特点为基础,根据物元概念,将研究对象、评估指标和量值联为一体,利用博弈论计算层次分析法和熵权法的组合权重,建立了涵洞安全评估模糊可拓模型,并运用该模型评估了淮河流域某座穿堤箱涵的安全等级,结果符合实际情况,表明该模型可实现对涵洞安全性态的定量化和动态性评估,能广泛应用于其他水工建筑物的安全评估中。

基于UML/OCL的C^4ISR效能概念建模分析

为了统一描述军事电子信息系统(command control communication computers intelligence surveil-lance and reconnaissance,C4ISR)系统功能和效能两方面的需求,提出了一种基于统一建模语言/对象约束语言(unified modeling language/object constraint language,UML/OCL)的C4ISR效能概念建模和形式化验证方法。首先,利用效能相关概念扩展了DoDAF 2.0能力元模型,构建一个能够同时引导C4ISR能力的功能分析和效能分析的元模型;将该元模型描述为UML Profile,形成一种基于UML的C4ISR效能概念建模语言,并支持C4ISR效能概念模型检验;最后借助一个假想案例分析说明了该建模语言对C4ISR能力的功能和效能概念建模及模型验证的能力。该方法可弥补UML建模技术在特定领域效能分析方面的不足。

A Multi-Tuple Rough Set Approach for Information Retrieval

How to deal with the imprecise information retrieval has become more and more important in the present information society. An efficient and effective method of information retrieval based on multi tuple rough set is discussed in this paper. The new approach is considered as a generalization of the original rough set model for flexible information retrieval. The imprecise query results can be obtained by multi tuple approximations.

Geo-rough Space

Rough set is a new approach to uncertainties in spatial analysis.In this paper,rough set symbols are simplified and standardized in terms of rough interpretation and specialized indication.Rough spatial entities and their topological relationships are also proposed in rough space,thus a universal intersected equation is developed,and rough membership function is further extended with the gray scale in our case study.We complete three works.First,a set of simplified rough symbols is advanced on the basis of existing rough symbols.Second,rough spatial entity is put forward to study the real world as it is,without forcing uncertainties into crisp set.Third,rough spatial topological relationships are studied by using rough matrix and their figures.The relationships are divided into three types,crisp entity and crisp entity (CC),rough entity and crisp entity (RC),and rough entity and rough entity (RR).A universal intersected equation is further proposed.Finally,the maximum and minimum maps of river thematic classification are generated via rough membership function and rough relationships in our case study.

Size and spatial distribution of landslides induced by the2015 Gorkha earthquake in the Bhote Koshi river watershed

The Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal on April 25, 2015, produced thousands of landslides in the Himalayan mountain range. After the earthquake, two field investigations along Araniko Highway were conducted. Then, using remote sensing technology and geographic information system(GIS)technology, 1481 landslides were identified along the Bhote Koshi river. Correlations between the spatial distribution of landslides with slope gradient and lithology were analyzed. The power-law relationship of the size distribution of earthquake-induced landslides was examined in both the Higher Himalaya and Lesser Himalaya. Possible reasons for the variability of the power exponent were explored by examining differences in the geological situations of these areas. Multi-threshold cellular automata were introduced to model the complexity of system components. Most of the landslides occurred at slope gradients of 30°–40°, and the landslide density was positively correlated with slope gradient. Landslides in hard rock areas were more common than in soft rock areas. The cumulative number-area distribution of landslides induced by the Gorkha earthquake exhibited a negative power-law relationship, but the power exponents were different: 1.13 in the Higher Himalaya, 1.36 and Lesser Himalaya. Furthermore,the geological conditions were more complex and varied in the Lesser Himalaya than in the Higher Himalaya, and the cellular automata simulation results indicated that, as the complexity of system components increased, the power exponent increased.Therefore, the variability of the power exponent of landslide size distribution should ascribe to the complexity of geological situations in the Bhote Koshi river watershed.

Elemental Analysis of Soil Phosphorus Neighborhoods Using SEM, Spectral Mapping and GIS

The utility of GIS （geographic information system） methods and spatial statistical analysis on spectral maps of sediment samples were examined. Detailed elemental maps are often constructed using energy dispersive X-ray techniques and SEM （scanning electron microscopy）. The elemental neighborhood associations of a single element, P （phosphorus）, were quantified at a magnification of 3,000 ×. For each of the 170,000 pixels on the images which displayed a strong P concentration, neighborhoods from 0.1μm^2 to 12 μm^2 were examined for associated elemental concentrations. PCA （principal component analysis） revealed two significant neighborhood types associated with P in samples of pH 4, and three neighborhood types at pH 8. These neighborhoods corresponded to Mg-P associations commonly found to be chemically prevalent in river sediments impacted by agricultural operations. Discriminant analysis showed that the greatest accuracy in predicting sample pH could be achieved by using a neighborhood size of 12 ~m2. Potassium at relatively large neighborhood sizes was the element most significant in predicting pH. While many of the chemical associations in close proximity to P could be predicted and explained through mineral solubility, spatial analysis provided some interesting insights into the structure of the samples. Results also indicted differences in the spatial scale associated with different processes.

A Novel Mechanism for TRF of Plant-wide Material Flows in Process Industry MES

This paper is standing on the recent viewpoint originated from relevant industrial practices that well or-ganized tracing, representing and feedback(TRF) mechanism of material-flow information is crucial for system utility and usability of manufacturing execution systems(MES), essentially, for activities on the side of multi-level decision making and optimization mainly in the planning and scheduling. In this paper, we investigate a key issue emphasized on a route of multi-level information evolution on the side of large-scale feedback, where material-flow states could evolve from the measuring data(local states) to networked event-type information cells(global states) and consequently to the key performance indicators(KPI) type information(gross states). Importantly, with adapta-bilities to frequent structural dynamics residing in running material flows, this evolving route should be modeled as a suit of sophisticated mechanism for large-scale dynamic states tracking and representing so as to upgrade accu-racy and usability of the feedback information in MES. To clarify inherent complexities of this evolving route, the investigated issue is demonstrated from extended process systems engineering(PSE) point of view, and the TRF principles of the multi-level feedback information(states) are highlighted under the multi-scale methodology. As the main contribution, a novel mechanism called TRF modeling mechanism is introduced.

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediments of the Fenghe River by the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model and Multivariate Statistical Methods

Concentrations of heavy metals in 74 sediment samples from the Fenghe River, which originates from the north of the Qinling Mountains and flows through Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, were characterized by employing geographic information system(GIS)mapping, fuzzy synthetic assessment, and multivariate statistical analysis to determine the enrichment characteristics of heavy metals as well as their potential risks of pollution to sediments. Al, Cd, and Co were the major pollutants, with a high enrichment factor(EF) value. Heavy metal concentrations from samples near the paper plant were maintained at a high level. Significant enrichment of Al, Ba, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Co was found in the midstream and downstream, while high concentration of Cu occurred in the headwater stream. Based on the cluster and principal component analyses, sediment metals mainly came from the paper plants, agronomic practices, natural sources, and tourism, with a contribution of 51.59%, 23.01%, 14.21%, and 9.88%, respectively. Sediment pollution assessment explored using fuzzy theory based on the entropy method and toxicity coefficient showed that 26, 32, and 11 sites fell into Class III(slightly polluted), Class IV(moderately polluted), and Class V(heavily polluted), respectively, and their scores of membership degree in the polluted level were on the rise, suggesting a relatively high degree of sediment metal pollution in the study area. Closely related to the excessive industrial and agricultural applications, metal pollution in sediment is necessary to be addressed in the Fenghe River.

Denitrification Rates and Their Controlling Factors in Streams of the Han River Basin with Different Land-Use Patterns

Land-use patterns can affect various nutrient cycles in stream ecosystems, but little information is available about the effects of urban development on denitrification processes at the watershed scale. In the presented study, we investigated the controlling factors of denitrification rates within the streams of the Han River Basin, Korea, with different land-use patterns, in order to enhance the effectiveness of water resource management strategies. Ten watersheds were classified into three land-use patterns （forest, agriculture and urban） using satellite images and geographic information system techniques, and in-situ denitrification rates were determined using an acetylene blocking method. Additionally, sediment samples were collected from each stream to analyze denitrifier communities and abundance using molecular approaches. In-situ denitrification rates were found to be in the order of agricultural streams （289.6 mg N20-N m-2 d-1） 〉 urban streams （157.0 mg N20-N m-2 d-1） 〉 forested streams （41.9 mg N20-N m-2 d-l）. In contrast, the average quantity of denitrifying genes was the lowest in the urban streams. Genetic diversity of denitrifying genes was not affected by watershed land-use pattern, but exhibited stream-dependent pattern. More significance factors were involved in denitrification in the sites with higher denitrification rates. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that clay, dissolved organic carbon and water contents were the main factors controlling denitrification rate in the agricultural streams, while dissolved organic carbon was the main controlling factor in the urban streams. In contrast, temperature appeared to be the main controlling factor in the forested streams.