When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fu...When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fundamental thermodynamic principle, the relationships of mole numbers, molar fractions, thermodynamic properties, partial molar properties, potential and fugacity between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were derived. The hypothetical elemental solution provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.展开更多
We studied the rate of lead resoprtion in the gastrointestinal tract of the bird and accumulation of this element by organs and tissues different in their morphology and functions. The minimum lethal lead dosage makin...We studied the rate of lead resoprtion in the gastrointestinal tract of the bird and accumulation of this element by organs and tissues different in their morphology and functions. The minimum lethal lead dosage making 1.5 mg/kg of the live body weight leads to reduction of its mass recovering after its resoprtion in the stomach. Accumulation and elimination of lead from the body are related to dynamics of the body weight. The rate of these processes is in direct dependence and significantly different in various tissues and organs. Claws, kidneys, liver and feathers are characterized by very high rate of element accumulation and fat, heart and muscles - by the lowest rate. Intense elimination of lead from the body starts approximately in 2-2.5 months after the gastrointestinal tract is released from it.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29976035) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang and Fujian Province.
文摘When species in the solution undergo multiple chemical reactions, the solution may be treated as a solution of all species actually present or as a hypothetical solution composed of elemental species. Based on the fundamental thermodynamic principle, the relationships of mole numbers, molar fractions, thermodynamic properties, partial molar properties, potential and fugacity between the hypothetical solution of elemental species and the equilibrated solution of actual species were derived. The hypothetical elemental solution provides a way of reducing the dimensionality of problem, simplifying the analysis and visualizing the phase behavior.
文摘We studied the rate of lead resoprtion in the gastrointestinal tract of the bird and accumulation of this element by organs and tissues different in their morphology and functions. The minimum lethal lead dosage making 1.5 mg/kg of the live body weight leads to reduction of its mass recovering after its resoprtion in the stomach. Accumulation and elimination of lead from the body are related to dynamics of the body weight. The rate of these processes is in direct dependence and significantly different in various tissues and organs. Claws, kidneys, liver and feathers are characterized by very high rate of element accumulation and fat, heart and muscles - by the lowest rate. Intense elimination of lead from the body starts approximately in 2-2.5 months after the gastrointestinal tract is released from it.
