The special character of a PCF which is used as a gas or liquid sensor is discussed. The field distribution is analyzed when the solid core PCF is injected with different medium that has different relative dielectric ...The special character of a PCF which is used as a gas or liquid sensor is discussed. The field distribution is analyzed when the solid core PCF is injected with different medium that has different relative dielectric constant （or refractive index）. And the experiential formulas of the relation between refractive index of some kinds of liquid and their concentration are given, in order to measure the concentration of the relative liquid. At the same time, the effect of propagation constant on PCF sensor character is also discussed. Furthermore, the photonic medium relative dielectric constant, when it is injected with . band-gap （PBG） of PCF （PBG-PCF） is calculated at different different medium. That is the principle basis for this kind of PCF sensors.展开更多
We proposed a novel relative humidity （RH） sensor based on the air guided photonic crystal fiber （AGPCF） using the direct absorption spectroscopic method in this paper. The wavelength scanning around the water vap...We proposed a novel relative humidity （RH） sensor based on the air guided photonic crystal fiber （AGPCF） using the direct absorption spectroscopic method in this paper. The wavelength scanning around the water vapor absorption peak around 1368.59nm was realized by injecting the saw-tooth modulated current to a distributed-feedback laser diode. A reference signal was used as a zero absorption baseline and to help reduce the interference from the distributed-feedback laser source and probed region. The humidity level was determined by the normalized voltage difference between the reference signal and sensor signal at the peak of water vapor absorption. We demonstrated that a length of 5-cm AGPCF with a fixed small air gap between the single mode fiber （SMF） and hollow core fiber as an opening achieved a humidity detection resolution of around 0.2%RH over the range 0 to 90%RH which did not require the use of any hygroscopic coating material.展开更多
In this paper, a novel liquid refractive index （R/） sensor based on fused tapered photonic crystal fiber （PCF） is proposed. It is fabricated by fusing and tapering a section of PCF which is spliced with two single...In this paper, a novel liquid refractive index （R/） sensor based on fused tapered photonic crystal fiber （PCF） is proposed. It is fabricated by fusing and tapering a section of PCF which is spliced with two single-mode fibers （SMFs）. Due to the fused biconical taper method, the sensor becomes longer and thinner, to make the change of the outside RI has more direct effects on the internal optical field of the PCF, which finally enhances the sensitivity of this sensor. Experimental results show that the transmission spectra of the sensor are red-shifted obviously with the increase of RI. The longer the tapered region of the sensor, the higher the sensitivity is. This sensor has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabri- cation, high performance and so on, so it has potential applications in RI measurement.展开更多
A novel miniature Fabry-Perot interferometric(FPI) temperature sensor is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The modal interferometer is fabricated by just splicing a section of photonic crystal fiber(PCF) with ...A novel miniature Fabry-Perot interferometric(FPI) temperature sensor is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The modal interferometer is fabricated by just splicing a section of photonic crystal fiber(PCF) with a single-mode fiber(SMF). The air holes of the PCF are fully collapsed by the discharge arc during the splicing procedure to enhance the reflection coefficient of the splicing point. The transmission spectra with different temperatures are measured, and the experimental results show that the linear response of 11.12 pm/°C in the range of 30–80 °C is obtained. This sensor has potential applications in temperature measurement field.展开更多
An index guiding photonic crystal fiber used in gas sensing applications is presented. The dependency of the confinement loss and relative sensitivity on the fiber parameters and wavelength is numerically investigated...An index guiding photonic crystal fiber used in gas sensing applications is presented. The dependency of the confinement loss and relative sensitivity on the fiber parameters and wavelength is numerically investigated by using the full-vectorial finite element method （FEM）. The simulations showed that the gas sensing sensitivity increased with an increase in the core diameter and a decrease in the distance between centers of two adjacent holes. Increasing the hole size of two outer cladding rings, this structure simultaneously showed up to 10% improved sensitivity, and the confinement loss reached 6x 10-4 times less than that of the prior sensor at the wavelength of 1.5 μm. This proved the ability of this fiber used in gas and chemicals sensing applications.展开更多
A tilt sensor based on an intermodal photonic crystal fiber （PCF） interferometer is demonstrated. The sensor consists of a tubular filled with NaC1 aqueous solutions and an intermodal PCF interferometer, which is fo...A tilt sensor based on an intermodal photonic crystal fiber （PCF） interferometer is demonstrated. The sensor consists of a tubular filled with NaC1 aqueous solutions and an intermodal PCF interferometer, which is formed by using a short PCF with two single-mode fibers （SMFs） spliced at both ends, and the air-holes in the splice regions are fully collapsed. The intermodal PCF interferometer is fixed in a rigid glass tubular with a slant orientation, and a half of the PCF is immersed in the NaC1 aqueous solutions, while the other half is exposed in air. When tilting the tubular, the length of the PCF immersed changes so that the transmission spectrum moves. Therefore, by monitoring the wavelength shift, the tilt angle can be achieved. In the experiment, a 0.8-cm-length intermodal PCF interferometer was adopted. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor was obtained from - 1.5461 nm/° to -30.1244 nm/° when measuring from -35.1 ° to 37.05°.展开更多
文摘The special character of a PCF which is used as a gas or liquid sensor is discussed. The field distribution is analyzed when the solid core PCF is injected with different medium that has different relative dielectric constant （or refractive index）. And the experiential formulas of the relation between refractive index of some kinds of liquid and their concentration are given, in order to measure the concentration of the relative liquid. At the same time, the effect of propagation constant on PCF sensor character is also discussed. Furthermore, the photonic medium relative dielectric constant, when it is injected with . band-gap （PBG） of PCF （PBG-PCF） is calculated at different different medium. That is the principle basis for this kind of PCF sensors.
文摘We proposed a novel relative humidity （RH） sensor based on the air guided photonic crystal fiber （AGPCF） using the direct absorption spectroscopic method in this paper. The wavelength scanning around the water vapor absorption peak around 1368.59nm was realized by injecting the saw-tooth modulated current to a distributed-feedback laser diode. A reference signal was used as a zero absorption baseline and to help reduce the interference from the distributed-feedback laser source and probed region. The humidity level was determined by the normalized voltage difference between the reference signal and sensor signal at the peak of water vapor absorption. We demonstrated that a length of 5-cm AGPCF with a fixed small air gap between the single mode fiber （SMF） and hollow core fiber as an opening achieved a humidity detection resolution of around 0.2%RH over the range 0 to 90%RH which did not require the use of any hygroscopic coating material.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.6120506861475133 and 61575170)+4 种基金the College Youth Talent Project of Hebei Province(No.BJ2014057)the Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.F2015203270)the Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Program(Nos.15273304D and 14273301D)the"XinRuiGongCheng"Talent Projectthe Excellent Youth Funds for School of Information Science and Engineering in Yanshan University(No.2014201)
文摘In this paper, a novel liquid refractive index （R/） sensor based on fused tapered photonic crystal fiber （PCF） is proposed. It is fabricated by fusing and tapering a section of PCF which is spliced with two single-mode fibers （SMFs）. Due to the fused biconical taper method, the sensor becomes longer and thinner, to make the change of the outside RI has more direct effects on the internal optical field of the PCF, which finally enhances the sensitivity of this sensor. Experimental results show that the transmission spectra of the sensor are red-shifted obviously with the increase of RI. The longer the tapered region of the sensor, the higher the sensitivity is. This sensor has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabri- cation, high performance and so on, so it has potential applications in RI measurement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61205068 and 61475133)the College Youth Talent Project of Hebei Province(No.BJ2014057)"Xin Rui Gong Cheng"Talent Project and the Excellent Youth Funds for School of Information Science and Engineering in Yanshan University(No.2014201)
文摘A novel miniature Fabry-Perot interferometric(FPI) temperature sensor is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The modal interferometer is fabricated by just splicing a section of photonic crystal fiber(PCF) with a single-mode fiber(SMF). The air holes of the PCF are fully collapsed by the discharge arc during the splicing procedure to enhance the reflection coefficient of the splicing point. The transmission spectra with different temperatures are measured, and the experimental results show that the linear response of 11.12 pm/°C in the range of 30–80 °C is obtained. This sensor has potential applications in temperature measurement field.
文摘An index guiding photonic crystal fiber used in gas sensing applications is presented. The dependency of the confinement loss and relative sensitivity on the fiber parameters and wavelength is numerically investigated by using the full-vectorial finite element method （FEM）. The simulations showed that the gas sensing sensitivity increased with an increase in the core diameter and a decrease in the distance between centers of two adjacent holes. Increasing the hole size of two outer cladding rings, this structure simultaneously showed up to 10% improved sensitivity, and the confinement loss reached 6x 10-4 times less than that of the prior sensor at the wavelength of 1.5 μm. This proved the ability of this fiber used in gas and chemicals sensing applications.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61108058, the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program） under Grant No. 2010CB327804, the Zhejing Province Intemational Science and Technoloty Cooperation Special Programme under Grant No. 2013C24018, the National Key Technology R＆D Program 2011BAF06B02 and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality of China under Grant No. 10595812300. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, medium, provided the original credited. and reproduction in any author（s） and source are
文摘A tilt sensor based on an intermodal photonic crystal fiber （PCF） interferometer is demonstrated. The sensor consists of a tubular filled with NaC1 aqueous solutions and an intermodal PCF interferometer, which is formed by using a short PCF with two single-mode fibers （SMFs） spliced at both ends, and the air-holes in the splice regions are fully collapsed. The intermodal PCF interferometer is fixed in a rigid glass tubular with a slant orientation, and a half of the PCF is immersed in the NaC1 aqueous solutions, while the other half is exposed in air. When tilting the tubular, the length of the PCF immersed changes so that the transmission spectrum moves. Therefore, by monitoring the wavelength shift, the tilt angle can be achieved. In the experiment, a 0.8-cm-length intermodal PCF interferometer was adopted. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor was obtained from - 1.5461 nm/° to -30.1244 nm/° when measuring from -35.1 ° to 37.05°.
