东亚飞蝗对线偏波谱检偏矢量光照的趋偏响应特性

为确定线偏波谱检偏矢量光照对蝗虫趋偏响应的调控效应,利用自制的检偏光照调制模块和蝗虫趋偏响应试验装置,测试了蝗虫对线偏波谱检偏矢量光照的趋偏响应,分析了线偏波谱照度对蝗虫趋偏响应的影响和蝗虫检偏矢量敏感模式的光致变化特异性。结果表明:蝗虫趋偏响应呈线检偏矢量敏感差异性弦函性响应特征,其中,波谱决定蝗虫趋偏响应的特异敏感性。蝗虫趋偏视觉的视距性敏感矢量与线偏波谱照度有关:在100 lx时,紫光波段导致的蝗虫趋偏聚集响应敏感性较强,而紫外光波段导致的视趋响应敏感性较强;1000 lx及光照能量相同时,紫光波段导致的蝗虫趋偏响应敏感性较强。随线偏光照度增强,蝗虫的趋偏性矢量敏感模式重置,并导致蝗虫的趋偏响应敏感性发生变化,线偏紫光波段照度的强化效果显著,线偏紫外照度的调控效果显著,线偏蓝绿照度的抑制效果显著。蝗虫对线检偏矢量(±180°、0°、±90°)的对抗敏感特性与线偏波谱的照度有关,±90°时线检偏弱光照的抑制效果和0°、±180°时线检偏强光照的强化效果均与线偏波谱照度或光距刺激有关:1000 lx下,蝗虫的趋偏响应敏感性在线偏紫波谱±90°时最强,在线偏橙波谱±180°时次强;光照能量相同时,蝗虫的趋偏聚集响应敏感性与视趋响应敏感性在线偏紫波谱±180°下最强,在0°下次强。研究结果可为蝗虫偏光定向响应机制研究和害虫的偏光诱导新光源研制提供理论支撑与技术支持。

东亚飞蝗对波谱光及其偏光对比选择性视励效应的测定

为明确蝗虫对波谱光及其偏光视励效应的视敏选择差异,确定蝗虫趋光趋偏的视励影响因素及视敏信息,针对波谱光与其偏光光照中东亚飞蝗光生物响应的视选择效应试验,分析了东亚飞蝗趋光趋偏选择差别的视控作用及响应波谱光和其偏光的视敏因素及视励强度。结果表明,波谱光与其偏光叠加作用下的光聚集程度呈现偏光矢量调控性生理响应敏感差异,并在光强度增强时,视偏响应敏感的偏光矢量发生变化,且210°及120°紫偏光、210°橙偏光与其波谱光的耦合刺激效应较优,而270°时紫外与其偏光的耦合效应最差;东亚飞蝗视激发状态下的光选择性趋向于视励强度较弱的偏光,且波谱光强度的视敏激发效应及偏光矢量的视励敏感程度削弱东亚飞蝗的视控定位功效,并以紫外及紫偏光矢量引起的趋偏视敏性较强而蓝橙光较弱,而90°及270°时弱偏光的视励效应致使波谱光的激发效应主导东亚飞蝗的视选择强度,且光源光照度增强,东亚飞蝗视偏敏感选择强化程度以紫偏光较强、120°紫外偏光较弱,且波谱光选择弱化程度以90°蓝偏光较强;东亚飞蝗对波谱光与偏光耦合光照的聚集响应差异及趋光趋偏选择强度差异,源于偏光矢量激励及波谱光质激发东亚飞蝗视觉引起的协同增效或相互拮抗性视反应调控输出效应,且波谱光照强度削弱偏光矢量信息的选择强度,但东亚飞蝗生物光敏响应与波谱光质的敏感性相关而光强度作用不大,且波谱光与偏光的耦合性光照梯度抑制蝗虫的视感响应强度。研究结果为适应各种作业的害虫光诱型农机产品开发及蝗虫视响应机理探讨提供了支撑。

双叔胺新型离子缔合萃取剂研究

设计并合成了 5个烷基苯系列共 1 6个“Y”形结构的新双叔胺化合物 ,通过元素分析、红外、核磁共振及质谱证明了其结构 .对硫酸的萃取实验结果表明 ,多数品种比常用萃取剂三辛胺在萃取效能上有较大提高 ,其中最佳者萃取率和抱酸量分别提高了 4 2 .1 %和 2 6.1 % .

The Determination of Heavy Metal Elements in Honey by MWD-ICP-AES

In order to build method for measuring of elements in honey, the contents of Ba, Cu, Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cr, Mn, Se had been determined by microwave diges- tion （MWD） and actively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The results show that, the range of heavy metal elements were in the range of 0- 10.0 mg/L, with good linear relationship. In addition, all correlation coefficients kept higher than 0.999, and the recovery rate of ample added with standard solution was in 94.1%-110%. By comparison with the result of chemical experiment, the method was quickly accessible and convenient, widely used in the measurement of elements in honey, with satisfactory results.

Determination of Arsenic and Mercury in Soil by Microwave Digestion and Hidride GenerationAtomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

[Objective] The aim was to develop a rapid, simple method for determina- tion of arsenic and mercury in soil samples by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. [Method] The method for determination of As and Hg in soil by combined atomic fluorescence spectrometry and microwave digestion was used. [Result] The concentration curve was linear within the range of 0-80.0μg/L of As and 0-8.0 μg/L of Hg, and the detection limits of As and Hg was 0.036 μg/L and 0.015 μg/L, respectively. The precision for elevenfold determination of As at 40.0 ug/L level and Hg at 4.0μg/L level were 1.1% and 2.2%（RSD）, respectively. Recoveries of 103.0%-106.6% for As and 90.0%-95.0% for Hg were obtained for there soil samples. [Conclusion] The proposed method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and high efficiency; it was successfully used for determination of As and Hg in soil samples.

The Determination of Heavy Metal Elements in Sipunculs nudus by MWD-ICP-AES

In order to develop a method for measuring of elements in Sipunculus nudus, the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn, As, Hg and Ba were determined by actively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （MWD） and microwave digestion （ICP-AES）. The results showed that correlation coefficients al kept higher than 0.999 and the recovery rates of sample added standard solutions were in 98%-114%. The results indicated that the contents of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn, As, Hg and Ba were 17.119, 3.781, 0.695, 7.351, 1997.982, 0.620, 0.144, 4.249 mg/kg respectively. The contents of Mn exceeded national limit by hundredfold, Cd sevenfold, Pd fourfold, Cd three-and-a-half-fold, and As onefold. Sipunculs nudus became seriously pol uted. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate robust policies to fol ow closely and pay close attention to coastal areas pol ution around Dongfang City.

Widely Tunable Sampled-Grating DBR Laser

The 3-section SG-DBR tunable laser is fabricate d using an ion implantation quantum-well intermixing process.The over 30nm discontinuous tuning range is achieved with the SMRS greater than 30dB.

Determination of Chromium and Zinc in Soil by Microwave Digestion and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

[Objective] The aim was to develop a rapid, simple method for determination of chromium and zinc in soil samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.[Method] The method for determination of Cr and Zn in soil by combined flame atomic absorption spectrometry and microwave digestion was used. [Result] The concentration curve was linear within the range of 0-0.8 mg/L for Cr and 0-0.8 mg/L for Zn, the detection limits of Cr and Zn was 0.0025 mg/L and 0.002 3 mg/L, respectively. Recoveries of 102.4%-103.2% for Cr and 97.7%-98.3% for Zn were obtained for there soil samples. [Conclusion] The proposed method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, and high efficiency; it was successfully used for determination of Cr and Zn in soil samples.

Extracting Feature Bands for Damaged Rice Leaves by Planthoppers Using Multi-spectral Imaging Technology

[Objective] The aim of this study was to extract effective feature bands of damaged rice leaves by planthoppers to make identification and classification rapidly from great amounts of imaging spectral data. [Method] The experiment, using multi-spectral imaging system, acquired the multi-spectral images of damaged rice leaves from band 400 to 720 nm by interval of 5 nm. [Result] According to the principle of band index, it was calculated that the bands at 515, 510, 710, 555, 630, 535, 505, 530 and 595 nm were having high band index value with rich information and little correlation. Furthermore, the experiment used two classification methods and calcu-lated the classification accuracy higher than 90.00% for feature bands and ful bands of damaged rice leaves by planthoppers respectively. [Conclusion] It can be con-cluded that these bands can be considered as effective feature bands to identify damaged rice leaves by planthoppers quickly from a large scale of crops.

The Equilibrium Range of Wind Wave Spectra: an Explanation Based on White Noise

Laboratory experiments and field observations show that the equilibrium range of wind wave spectra presents a – 4 power law when it is scaled properly. This feature has been attributed to energy balance in spectral space by many researchers. In this paper we point out that white noise on an oscillation system can also lead to a similar inverse power law in the corresponding displacement spectrum, implying that the – 4 power law for the equilibrium range of wind wave spectra may probably only reflect the randomicity of the wind waves rather than any other dynamical processes in physical space. This explanation may shed light on the mechanism of other physical processes with spectra also showing an inverse power law, such as isotropic turbulence, internal waves, etc.

Some Problems on the Global Wavelet Spectrum

In order to test the validity of the global wavelet spectrum - a new period analysis method based on wavelet analysis, we carried out some simple experiments. In our experiments we used idealized time series and real Nifio 3 sea surface temperature （SST） for testing purposes. First we combined different signals which have the same power but different periods into some new time series. Then we calculated the global wavelet spectra and Fourier power spectra for the testing time series. The testing results revealed that on some occasions the global wavelet spectrum tends to amplify the relative power of longer periods. By making comparisons with the results obtained by the traditional Fourier power spectrum, we demonstrated that on an occasion when the global wavelet spectrum does not work the Fourier power spectrum can be used to achieve the right results. Hence it is recommended that when making period analysis with the global wavelet spectrum one needs to do further tests to confirm their results.

B-Spline with Symplectic Algorithm Method for Solution of Time-Dependent Schrodinger Equations

A B-spline with the symplectic algorithm method for the solution of time-dependent Schrodinger equations （TDSEs） is introduced. The spatial part of the wavefunction is expanded by B-spline and the time evolution is given in a symplectic scheme. This method allows us to obtain a highly accurate and stable solution of TDSEs. The effectiveness and efficiency of this method is demonstrated by the high-order harmonic spectra of one-dimensional atoms in comparison with other references.

WAVELET BASED SPECTRAL CORRELATION METHOD FOR DPSK CHIP RATE ESTIMATION

A wavelet-based spectral correlation algorithm to detect and estimate BPSK signal chip rate is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly estimate the BPSK signal chip rate, which may be corrupted by the quadratic characteristics of the spectral correlation function, in a low SNR environment.

An Improved Singularity Computing Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Method

In order to reduce the hidden danger of noise which can be charactered by singularity spectrum, a new algorithm based on wavelet transform modulus maxima method was proposed. Singularity analysis is one of the most promising new approaches for extracting noise hidden information from noisy time series . Because of singularity strength is hard to calculate accurately, a wavelet transform modulus maxima method was used to get singularity spectrum. The singularity spectrum of white noise and aluminium interconnection electromigration noise was calculated and analyzed. The experimental results show that the new algorithm is more accurate than tradition estimating algorithm. The proposed method is feasible and efficient.

Conditions of synthesis for PpIX

The characteristics of ALA absorption spectra under different conditions are studied with spectrometers. The results indicate that the wavelength of ALA,corresponding to the strongest absorption peak, is 282 nm under different conditions. The content of PplX synthesized is in direct proportion to the density of Jurkat cells. The most suitable culture time is 8 hours in order to synthesize more PplX. FCS has a block effect on the synthesis of PpIX.

Re-explanation of Weyl Quantization Scheme via Weyl Ordering Approach

We re-explain the Weyl quantization scheme by virtue of the technique of integration within Weyl orderedproduct of operators,i.e.,the Weyl correspondence rule can be reconstructed by classical functions' Fourier transfor-mation followed by an inverse Fourier transformation within Weyl ordering of operators.As an application of thisreconstruction,we derive the quantum operator coresponding to the angular spectrum amplitude of a spherical wave.

Resonance Raman Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study of Geometry Distortion of Thiourea in 2^1A State

The A-band resonance Raman spectra of thiourea were obtained in water and acetonitrile solution. B3LYP/6-311＋＋G（3df,3pd） and RCIS/6-311＋＋G（3df,3pd） calculations were done to elucidate the ultraviolet electronic transitions, the distorted geometry structure and the saddle point of thiourea in 21A excited state, respectively. The resonance Raman spectra were assigned. The absorption spectrum and resonance Raman intensities were modeled using Heller＇s time-dependent wavepacket approach to resonance Raman scattering. The results indicate that largest change in the displacement takes place with the C--S stretch mode u6 （｜△｜=0.95） and noticeable changes appear in the H5N3H6＋H8N4H7 wag v5 （｜△｜=0.19）, NCN symmetric stretch^-C--S stretch＋N3H6＋H8N4 wag v4 （｜△｜=0.18）, while the moderate intensities of 2-15 and 4-15 are mostly due to the large excited state frequency changes of v15, but not due to its significant change in the normal mode displacement. The mechanism of the appearance of even overtones of the S-CN2 out of plane deformation is explored. The results indicate that a Franck-Condon region saddle point is the driving force for the quadric phonon mechanism within the standard A-term of resonance Raman scattering, which leads to the pyramidalization of the carbon center and the geometry distortion of thiourea molecule in 21A excited state.

High Temperature Spectrum for v3 Band of Carbon Dioxide

The total internal partition sums （TIPS） are calculated at the temperature up to 6000 K for 12 C16 02. Using the calculated partition functions, we produce the line intensities of v3 band of 12C1602 at several high temperatures. The results show that the calculated line intensities are in very good agreement with those of HITRAN database at the temperature up to 3000 K, which provides a strong support for the calculations of TIPS and line intensities at high temperature. Then the calculation is extended to further high temperature, and the simulated spectra of u3 band of 12C1602 at 5000 and 6000 K are reported.

Response of fuzzy clustering on different threshold determination algorithms in spectral change vector analysis over Western Himalaya, India

Abstract： Change detection is a standard tool to extract and analyze the earth＇s surface features from remotely sensed data. Among the different change detection techniques, change vector analysis （CVA） have an exceptional advantage of discriminating change in terms of change magnitude and vector direction from multispectral bands. The estimation of precise threshold is one of the most crucial task in CVA to separate the change pixels from unchanged pixels because overall assessment of change detection method is highly dependent on selected threshold value. In recent years, integration of fuzzy clustering and remotely sensed data have become appropriate and realistic choice for change detection applications. The novelty of the proposed model lies within use of fuzzy maximum likelihood classification （FMLC） as fuzzy clustering in CVA. The FMLC based CVA is implemented using diverse threshold determination algorithms such as double-window flexible pace search （DFPS）, interactive trial and error （T＆E）, and 3x3-pixel kernel window （PKW）. Unlike existing CVA techniques, addition of fuzzy clustering in CVA permits each pixel to have multiple class categories and offers ease in threshold determination process. In present work, the comparative analysis has highlighted the performance of FMLC based CVA overimproved SCVA both in terms of accuracy assessment and operational complexity. Among all the examined threshold searching algorithms, FMLC based CVA using DFPS algorithm is found to be the most efficient method.

Parameterized first-guess spectrum method for retrieving directional spectrum of swell-dominated waves and huge waves from SAR images

A method to retrieve ocean wave spectra from SAR images, named Parameterized First-guess Spectrum Method （PFSM）, was proposed after interpretation of the theory to ocean wave imaging and analysis of the drawbacks of the retrieving model generally used. In this method, with additional information and satellite parameters, the separating wave-number is first calculated to determine the maximum wave-number beyond which the linear relation can be used. The separating wave-number can be calculated using the additional information on wind velocity and parameters of SAR satellite. And then the SAR spectrum can be divided into SAR spectrum of wind wave and of swell according to the result of separating wave-number. The portion of SAR spectrum generated by wind wave, is used to search for the most suitable parameters of ocean wind wave spectrum, including propagation direction of ocean wave, phase speed of dominating wave and the angle spreading coefficient. The swell spectrum is acquired by directly inversing the linear relation of ocean wave spectrum to SAR spectrum given the portion of SAR spectrum generated by swell. We used the proposed method to retrieve the ocean wave spectrum from ERS-SAR data from the South China Sea and compared the result with altimeter data. The agreement indicates that the PFSM is reliable.