用分光光度仪及临床评价法分析桩核对不同全瓷冠的光透射度影响

目的 用分光光度仪分析不同桩核材料对全瓷冠表面光透射度的影响。材料和方法 3个离体天然牙用树脂复制出人工牙，牙根按桩核修复的要求作常规根管预备。用硅橡胶取印模，制作4种类型的桩核(抛光的、不抛光的金合金桩核，全瓷桩核和烤瓷金属桩核)。全瓷冠分3种类型(表面上色的IPS-Empress2铸瓷二代，内插色IPS-Empress2铸瓷二代和In-Ceram)。在25度的暗室状态下用分光光度仪对样品分析。牙放在白炽灯的背光处，以免光直接进入分光光度仪对明暗色带产生干扰。在样品表面取4个区域(牙颈部、中部、切端及邻面)作透光分析。在天然牙上测12组值，在人工牙上测144个值。结果 天然牙有最大的亮度。在全瓷冠中表面上色的IPS-Empress2铸瓷二代有最大的亮度，内插色的IPS-Empress2铸瓷二代亮度最低。在不同类型的桩核中，铸瓷桩核亮度最大，烤瓷的和抛光的金合金桩核亮度次之，不抛光的金合金桩核亮度最差，但从临床观察不同的修复体无明显区别。结论 表面上色的玻璃陶瓷(IPS-Empress2铸瓷二代)透明度最好，在冠厚度相同时用分光光度仪对不同实验组作分析有一些差异，但无临床意义。此实验认为使用抛光的金合金桩核对全瓷冠的美观无明显影响。

Laser ultrasonic technique for surface defects detection of 6061 aluminum alloy

In order to estimate and detect the surface defect depth of metals, the transmission method of laser ultrasonic surface waves is used in this work. The laser ultrasonic detection platform taking use of thermoelastic mechanism as acoustic signal excitation method and interference receiver as acoustic signal receiver method was built, by which B-scan images of detected specimens with surface defects were collected to establish the relationship between the transmission coefficient and depth of the surface defect. Experimental results show that the amplitude of transmitted acoustic signal is related to the depth of surface defect. At last, a fitted curve of transmission coefficient using measured experimental data is obtained to estimate depth of surface defect on the 6061 aluminum alloy. Furthermore, a surface defect depth of 0.3 mm is estimated by the fitting curve with an estimated error of 16%. Therefore, a experimental method using the transmission method by laser ultrasonic is presented in this paper.

Optical Trap 2D Array by Acoustic Modulation

In this artilce a new optical trap 2D array by the acoustic modulation is proposed. Based on the ＂called＂ acoustic-elasticity of the fluid embedding trapped microparticle, the expression describing the refractive index induced by cross-interference of two perpendicular ultrasonic waves is approximately derived. By simulation, the 2D array of the Graded-refractive index lenses appeared in the fluid layer with certain strain-acoustic constant and thickness. The trapping capability of the plane-wave laser beam propagating through those lenses is shown out, and the appearance of the optical trap 2D array has been affirmed.

Study of magneto-optical effects in γ-Fe_2O_3/ZnFe_2O_4 nanoparticle ferrofluids, using circularly polarized light

When circularly polarized light travels through a ferrofluid film in the presence of an applied magnetic field, the transmitted light will behave as elliptically polarized light, because of magnetic birefringence and dichroism. The angular distribution of the relative intensity of the transmitted light can be obtained using a polarizer, so that the ratio of both the long and short ax- es-as well as the orientation angle of the ellipse, corresponding to the direction of the applied magnetic field--can be deter- mined, and whether the ferrofluids samples are stable during the measurement can be directly judged from the shape of the distribution curves. Thus, the ratio of the amplitudes Ax/Ay and the added phase difference A r can be resolved in the elliptically polarized light, and information on both the magnetic birefringence An and the dichroism Ak can be deduced for the ferrofluid sample. From the orientation angles of both right-handed and left-handed elliptically polarized transmitted light, the direction of the applied magnetic field can be accurately determined. Using circularly polarized light, the magnetic birefringence and dichroism of pure γ-Fe2O3 ferrofluids and γ--Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4 binary ferrofluids were studied. For the binary ferrofluids, a mod- ulating effect on the magnetic birefringence and dichroism was revealed.

Distribution and Permeability of Capillaries at the Skin of the Conception Vessel and the Governor Vessel in Healthy Rabbits

Objective: To investigate the distribution and permeability of blood vessels on the Conception Vessel and the Governor Vessel in the physiological state. Methods: Evans blue (EB) solution was injected into the marginal ear vein of healthy rabbits. Three hours after injection, the rabbits were sacrificed and the skin on the Conception Vessel and the Governor Vessel and the corresponding bilateral non-channels was collected. EB was extracted with 7:3 acetone: physiological saline, and the absorbance of EB at each skin tissue was measured with a spectrophotometer. Results: The A value of EB absorbance at the Conception Vessel on the abdominal skin was lower than that of the corresponding bilateral non-channels with a statistically significant difference (P<0.01). The A value of EB absorbance at the Governor Vessel on the back was higher than that of the corresponding bilateral non-channels (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the A value of EB absorbance between the bilateral non-channels of the abdomen and the back (P>0.05). Conclusion: There were differences in capillary distribution and permeability between the Conception Vessel, the Governor Vessel and the corresponding bilateral non-meridians.

Convenient and inexpensive determination of optical constants and film thickness of blended organic thin film

This work presents the study of optical constants and film thickness of blended organic thin films, emphasizing on the modeling procedure with modified genetic algorithm aided by absorption or transmittance spectra of both pure materials and the blends. Taking the blending of copper phthalocyanine(Cu Pc) and fullerene(C60) as an example, a simple, convenient and low-cost method for the determination of the optical constants and film thickness of blended organic thin films was demonstrated. New scheme for optical modeling of blended organic thin film was proposed by introducing peak energies of Cody-Lorentz oscillators of the pure materials, which were determined by fitting the film absorption of pure materials. These oscillators of pure materials could be recognized in the transmittance spectrum of their blends, and were further used as the initial searching ranges in the simulation of blended films. As a result, the constraint bounds of the unknown parameters were significantly reduced and modeling efficiency as well as fitting accuracy was improved. For instance, the fitting of the transmittance curves of blended films with different blending ratios reached reliable results in comparison with extinction coefficients obtained from experiment.