为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(p...为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)活力先升后降,溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活力先降后升再降,至处理96h,处理组DHC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总蛋白含量变化不显著;除低浓度胁迫组(0.005mg·L^-1)PO活力与对照组相近外,其他处理组的PO和LSZ活力均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量总体呈上升趋势,过氧化氢(H2O2)含量先升后降再升,至胁迫96h,各处理组SOD活力、MDA和H2O2含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。总之,Cd胁迫对单环刺螠非特异性免疫影响显著,Cd的短期胁迫可刺激DHC、PO和LSZ升高,免疫力增强,而高浓度Cd的胁迫时间较长会造成机体解毒能力下降,持续刺激机体产生过氧化反应,MDA含量升高,可作为单环刺螠在Cd长期胁迫下的免疫检测指标。不同胁迫浓度组单环刺螠肌肉和消化道中的Cd含量随胁迫时间均呈上升趋势,且存在显著的时间-剂量-效应关系(P<0.05),其蓄积量水平为:消化道>肌肉,具有组织特异性。展开更多
目的考察金银花注射液的免疫调节作用。方法选取清洁级ICR小鼠90只,随机分为九组,其中空白对照组、模型组腹腔注射生理盐水10 m L/kg;胸腺肽组腹腔注射胸腺肽3.4 mg/kg;其余组以金银花注射液6.6、13.2、26.4 g/kg(生药量)3个剂量腹腔注...目的考察金银花注射液的免疫调节作用。方法选取清洁级ICR小鼠90只,随机分为九组,其中空白对照组、模型组腹腔注射生理盐水10 m L/kg;胸腺肽组腹腔注射胸腺肽3.4 mg/kg;其余组以金银花注射液6.6、13.2、26.4 g/kg(生药量)3个剂量腹腔注射或灌胃,连续7 d给药后对各组小鼠的免疫功能进行分析。结果金银花注射液3个剂量组腹腔注射及灌胃给药均可明显提高服用环磷酰胺小鼠的单核巨噬细胞系统的吞噬能力,并显著增强环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠的迟发型超敏反应及血清溶血素水平。且金银花注射液腹腔注射3个剂量组效果优于灌胃给药同剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论金银花注射液对机体的免疫功能具有增强作用,以腹腔注射效果较好。展开更多
Recent studies have uncovered two signaling pathways that activate the host innate immunity against viral infection. One of the pathways utilizes members of the Toll-like receptor （TLR） family to detect viruses that...Recent studies have uncovered two signaling pathways that activate the host innate immunity against viral infection. One of the pathways utilizes members of the Toll-like receptor （TLR） family to detect viruses that enter the endosome through endocytosis. The TLR pathway induces interferon production through several signaling proteins that ultimately lead to the activation of the transcription factors NF-kB, IRF3 and IRFT. The other antiviral pathway uses the RNA helicase RIG-Ⅰ as the receptor for intracellular viral double-stranded RNA. RIG-Ⅰ activates NF-kB and IRFs through the recently identified adaptor protein MAVS, a CARD domain containing protein that resides in the mitochondrial membrane. MAVS is essential for antiviral innate immunity, but it also serves as a target of Hepatitis C virus （HCV）, which employs a viral protease to cleave MAVS off the mitochondria, thereby allowing HCV to escape the host immune system.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is defined by the Rome ]I[ criteria as symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort with the onset of a marked change in bowel habits with no evidence of an inflammatory, anatomi...Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is defined by the Rome ]I[ criteria as symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort with the onset of a marked change in bowel habits with no evidence of an inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic, or neoplastic process. As such, many clinicians regard IBS as a central nervous system problem of altered pain perception. Here, we review the recent literature and discuss the evidence that supports an organic based model, which views IBS as a complex, heterogeneous, inter-dependent, and multi-variable inflammatory process along the neuronal-gut axis. We delineate the organic pathophysiology of IBS, demonstrate the role of inflammation in IBS, review the possible differences between adult and pediatric IBS, discuss the merits of a comprehensive treatment model as taught by the Institute of Functional Medicine, and describe the potential for future research for this syndrome.展开更多
文摘为探究镉(Cd)对海洋动物的毒性效应,考察了不同质量浓度(0.005、0.05和0.5mg·L^-1)Cd处理对单环刺螠相关免疫生理指标及主要组织中Cd蓄积量的影响。结果表明:Cd胁迫下,血细胞密度(density of hemocyte,DHC)先升后降再升,酚氧化酶(phenoloxidase,PO)活力先升后降,溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活力先降后升再降,至处理96h,处理组DHC均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总蛋白含量变化不显著;除低浓度胁迫组(0.005mg·L^-1)PO活力与对照组相近外,其他处理组的PO和LSZ活力均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量总体呈上升趋势,过氧化氢(H2O2)含量先升后降再升,至胁迫96h,各处理组SOD活力、MDA和H2O2含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。总之,Cd胁迫对单环刺螠非特异性免疫影响显著,Cd的短期胁迫可刺激DHC、PO和LSZ升高,免疫力增强,而高浓度Cd的胁迫时间较长会造成机体解毒能力下降,持续刺激机体产生过氧化反应,MDA含量升高,可作为单环刺螠在Cd长期胁迫下的免疫检测指标。不同胁迫浓度组单环刺螠肌肉和消化道中的Cd含量随胁迫时间均呈上升趋势,且存在显著的时间-剂量-效应关系(P<0.05),其蓄积量水平为:消化道>肌肉,具有组织特异性。
文摘Recent studies have uncovered two signaling pathways that activate the host innate immunity against viral infection. One of the pathways utilizes members of the Toll-like receptor （TLR） family to detect viruses that enter the endosome through endocytosis. The TLR pathway induces interferon production through several signaling proteins that ultimately lead to the activation of the transcription factors NF-kB, IRF3 and IRFT. The other antiviral pathway uses the RNA helicase RIG-Ⅰ as the receptor for intracellular viral double-stranded RNA. RIG-Ⅰ activates NF-kB and IRFs through the recently identified adaptor protein MAVS, a CARD domain containing protein that resides in the mitochondrial membrane. MAVS is essential for antiviral innate immunity, but it also serves as a target of Hepatitis C virus （HCV）, which employs a viral protease to cleave MAVS off the mitochondria, thereby allowing HCV to escape the host immune system.
基金Supported by A Generous Grant from the Riverside Community Health Foundation
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is defined by the Rome ]I[ criteria as symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort with the onset of a marked change in bowel habits with no evidence of an inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic, or neoplastic process. As such, many clinicians regard IBS as a central nervous system problem of altered pain perception. Here, we review the recent literature and discuss the evidence that supports an organic based model, which views IBS as a complex, heterogeneous, inter-dependent, and multi-variable inflammatory process along the neuronal-gut axis. We delineate the organic pathophysiology of IBS, demonstrate the role of inflammation in IBS, review the possible differences between adult and pediatric IBS, discuss the merits of a comprehensive treatment model as taught by the Institute of Functional Medicine, and describe the potential for future research for this syndrome.
