Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the ...Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed. Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu. The VP 1 protein from one of these strains, 55F, was expressed. The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody, the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay. These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.展开更多
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） can interact with and exploit the host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate itself. Numerous studies have shown that the Mitogen-activated protein kinase （M...The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） can interact with and exploit the host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate itself. Numerous studies have shown that the Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signal pathway can positively regulate the replication of HIV-1, but exactly how each MAPK pathway affects HIV-1 infection and replication is not understood. In this study, we used the Extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） pathway inhibitor, PD98059, the Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） pathway inhibitor, SP600125, and the p38 pathway inhibitor, SB203580, to investigate the roles of these pathways in HIV-1 replication. We found that application of PD98059 results in a strong VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1NL4-3 luciferase reporter virus and HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. In addition, SB203580 and SP600125 also elicited marked VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-INL4-3 luciferase reporter virus inhibition activity but no HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. We also found that SB203580 and SP600125 can enhance the HIV-1 inhibition activity of PD98059 when cells were treated with all three MAPK pathway inhibitors in combination. Finally, we show that HIV-1 virus inhibition activity of the MAPK pathway inhibitors was the result of the negative regulation of HIV-1 LTR promoter activity.展开更多
The study was performed to determine whether the srum concentrations of IL （interleukin）-6 are elevated in patients with RA （rheumatoid arthritis） and to investigate the relationship between IL-6 levels and iron s...The study was performed to determine whether the srum concentrations of IL （interleukin）-6 are elevated in patients with RA （rheumatoid arthritis） and to investigate the relationship between IL-6 levels and iron status in RA patients. 95 serum samples were obtained, 70 of them from patients with RA who had visited the department of Rheumatology at Al-Sadder medical city in Najaf governorate （Iraq） and 25 age and sex-matched healthy controls. The authors assessed the clinical parameters of the disease, including ESR （erythrocyte sedimentation rate）, CRP （C-reactive protein）, and RF （rheumatoid factor）. Serum levels of iron and TIBC （total iron binding capacity） were measured spectrophotometrically, while TS% （transferrin saturation percentage） and transferrin concentration were calculated mathematically. Serum concentrations of IL-6 （interleukin-6） and ferritin were measured using an ELISA （enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay）. The results of serum concentration of IL-6 （interleukin-6） and ferritin were significantly elevated （P 〈 0.0001） in patients with RA compared to those of healthy controls. On the other hand, serum concentrations of iron, TIBC （total iron binding capacity）, TS% （transferrin saturation percentage） and transferrin concentration were significantly decreased in patients with RA compared with those of healthy controls. These findings suggest that anemia is the most frequent observations in patients with RA and mostly associative with increasing level of interleukin-6.展开更多
Plants are exposed to numerous potential pathogenic microbes. To counter the threat, plants have evolved diverse patternrecognition receptors(PRRs), which are receptor kinases(RKs) and receptor proteins(RPs) specializ...Plants are exposed to numerous potential pathogenic microbes. To counter the threat, plants have evolved diverse patternrecognition receptors(PRRs), which are receptor kinases(RKs) and receptor proteins(RPs) specialized to detect conserved pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs). Although only a handful of RKs and RPs are known PRRs,they belong to the receptor-like kinase(RLK) and receptor-like protein(RLP) superfamilies that undergo lineage-specific expansion, suggesting that many of these RLKs and RLPs are potential PRRs. Analyses of existing PRRs have uncovered ligand-induced RLK-RK or RLK-RP oligomerization as a common mechanism for immune activation. PRRs can recruit additional components to form dynamic receptor complexes, which mediate specific cellular responses. Detailed analyses of these components are shedding light on molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PRR activity and downstream signaling.展开更多
文摘Enterovirus 71 （EV71） is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picomaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand, foot, and mouth disease （HFMD） in children. Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed. Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu. The VP 1 protein from one of these strains, 55F, was expressed. The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody, the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay. These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.
基金supported by the Key Projects in the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period of China (2008ZX10001-002)Major Science and Technology Innovation Cross Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX1-YW-10)
文摘The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 （HIV-1） can interact with and exploit the host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate itself. Numerous studies have shown that the Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signal pathway can positively regulate the replication of HIV-1, but exactly how each MAPK pathway affects HIV-1 infection and replication is not understood. In this study, we used the Extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） pathway inhibitor, PD98059, the Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） pathway inhibitor, SP600125, and the p38 pathway inhibitor, SB203580, to investigate the roles of these pathways in HIV-1 replication. We found that application of PD98059 results in a strong VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1NL4-3 luciferase reporter virus and HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. In addition, SB203580 and SP600125 also elicited marked VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-INL4-3 luciferase reporter virus inhibition activity but no HIV-1NL4-3 virus inhibition activity. We also found that SB203580 and SP600125 can enhance the HIV-1 inhibition activity of PD98059 when cells were treated with all three MAPK pathway inhibitors in combination. Finally, we show that HIV-1 virus inhibition activity of the MAPK pathway inhibitors was the result of the negative regulation of HIV-1 LTR promoter activity.
文摘The study was performed to determine whether the srum concentrations of IL （interleukin）-6 are elevated in patients with RA （rheumatoid arthritis） and to investigate the relationship between IL-6 levels and iron status in RA patients. 95 serum samples were obtained, 70 of them from patients with RA who had visited the department of Rheumatology at Al-Sadder medical city in Najaf governorate （Iraq） and 25 age and sex-matched healthy controls. The authors assessed the clinical parameters of the disease, including ESR （erythrocyte sedimentation rate）, CRP （C-reactive protein）, and RF （rheumatoid factor）. Serum levels of iron and TIBC （total iron binding capacity） were measured spectrophotometrically, while TS% （transferrin saturation percentage） and transferrin concentration were calculated mathematically. Serum concentrations of IL-6 （interleukin-6） and ferritin were measured using an ELISA （enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay）. The results of serum concentration of IL-6 （interleukin-6） and ferritin were significantly elevated （P 〈 0.0001） in patients with RA compared to those of healthy controls. On the other hand, serum concentrations of iron, TIBC （total iron binding capacity）, TS% （transferrin saturation percentage） and transferrin concentration were significantly decreased in patients with RA compared with those of healthy controls. These findings suggest that anemia is the most frequent observations in patients with RA and mostly associative with increasing level of interleukin-6.
基金supported by Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(2015CB910201)Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program(XDB11020200)
文摘Plants are exposed to numerous potential pathogenic microbes. To counter the threat, plants have evolved diverse patternrecognition receptors(PRRs), which are receptor kinases(RKs) and receptor proteins(RPs) specialized to detect conserved pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs/MAMPs). Although only a handful of RKs and RPs are known PRRs,they belong to the receptor-like kinase(RLK) and receptor-like protein(RLP) superfamilies that undergo lineage-specific expansion, suggesting that many of these RLKs and RLPs are potential PRRs. Analyses of existing PRRs have uncovered ligand-induced RLK-RK or RLK-RP oligomerization as a common mechanism for immune activation. PRRs can recruit additional components to form dynamic receptor complexes, which mediate specific cellular responses. Detailed analyses of these components are shedding light on molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PRR activity and downstream signaling.
