An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn...An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.展开更多
Twin-rotor cylinder-embedded piston engine is proposed for dealing with the sealing problems of rotors in twin-rotor piston engine where the existent mature sealing technologies for traditional reciprocating engine ca...Twin-rotor cylinder-embedded piston engine is proposed for dealing with the sealing problems of rotors in twin-rotor piston engine where the existent mature sealing technologies for traditional reciprocating engine can be applied.The quantity and forms of its sealing surfaces are reduced and simplified,and what's more,the advantages of twin-rotor piston engine are inherited,such as high power density and no valve mechanism.Given the motion law of two rotors,its kinematic model is established,and the general expression for some parameters related to engine performance,such as the trajectory,displacement,velocity and acceleration of the piston and centroid trajectory,angular displacement,velocity and acceleration of the rod are presented.By selecting different variation patterns of relative angle of two rotors,the relevant variables are compared.It can be concluded that by designing the relative angle function of two rotors,the volume variation of working chamber can be changed.However,a comprehensive consideration for friction and vibration is necessary because velocity and acceleration are quite different in the different functions,the swing magnitude of rod is proportional to link ratio λ,and the position of rod swing center is controlled by eccentricity e.In order to reduce the lateral force,a smaller value of λ should be selected in the case of the structure,and the value of e should be near 0.95.There is no relationship between the piston stroke and the variation process of relative angle of two rotors,the former is only proportional to the amplitude of relative angle of two rotors.展开更多
In the last couple of years, social financing costs have shot up in China despite an overall capital abundance and increasing market-based capital allocation. This paper has investigated overall financial cost and cap...In the last couple of years, social financing costs have shot up in China despite an overall capital abundance and increasing market-based capital allocation. This paper has investigated overall financial cost and capital cost ratio as two measurements of financing cost, compared financing costs of different channels, examined the relationship of risk premium, financial repression, interest rate liberalization, and resource occupation versus financing cost, and addressed the problem of high non-manufacturing cost. On such a basis, specific countermeasures have been proposed. The main conclusion of this paper is： The current high social financing costs primarily result from economic structural imbalance. The fundamental solution lies in continuing structural reform and credibility system development to eliminate barriers in the transmission of capital circulation policies such as expanding equity financing, relaxing market access formalities for small and micro financial institutions, and improving the bankruptcy system to give full play to the ＂survival of the fittest＂ mechanism of the market.展开更多
Hybrid mecihanism is a new type of planar controllable mechanism. Position control acouracy of system determines the output aconracy of the mechanism. In order to achieve the desired high acowacy, nonlinear factors as...Hybrid mecihanism is a new type of planar controllable mechanism. Position control acouracy of system determines the output aconracy of the mechanism. In order to achieve the desired high acowacy, nonlinear factors as friction nmst be accurately compensated in the real-time servo control algoritinn. In this paper, the model of a hybrid five-bar mechanism is introduced. In terms of the characteristics of the hybrid mechanism, a hybrid intelligent control algorithm based on proportional-integral-derivative （PID） control and cerebellar model articulation control techniques was presented and used to perform control of hybrid five-bar mechanism for the lust time. The sinmulation results show that the hybrid control method can improve the control effect remarkably, compared with the traditional PID control strategy.展开更多
By analyzing a combined and spatial 6-bar linkage weft insertion mechanism, its practical model for optimization design is set up and the modification of penalty strategy is put forward so that the genetic algorithm c...By analyzing a combined and spatial 6-bar linkage weft insertion mechanism, its practical model for optimization design is set up and the modification of penalty strategy is put forward so that the genetic algorithm can be better used in optimization design for mechanisms with non- linear constraints. The design result is discussed.展开更多
Currently, under the cloud service architecture, the increasing importance of network security and security issues are still emerging. With the rapid development of the network platform, it is connected to the number ...Currently, under the cloud service architecture, the increasing importance of network security and security issues are still emerging. With the rapid development of the network platform, it is connected to the number and size of the trusted computing environment for all kinds of applications that are rapidly expanding, ever-changing network health, network time being emergencies, assault, failure, threat of disaster, its safety, survivability and availability of face serious challenges. Although TNC Working Group made safe and reliable framework from the network access layer, it is not at the level of user access, system access levels and further given the level of situational awareness and effective solutions.展开更多
A more recent branch of natural computing is DNA computing. At the theoretical level, DNA computing is powerful. This is due to the fact that DNA structure and processing suggest a series of new data structures and op...A more recent branch of natural computing is DNA computing. At the theoretical level, DNA computing is powerful. This is due to the fact that DNA structure and processing suggest a series of new data structures and operations, and to the fact of the massive parallelism. The insertion-deletion system （insdel system） is a DNA computing model based on two genetic operations： insertion and deletion which, working together, are very powerful, leading to characterizations of recursively enumerable lan- guages. When designing an insdel computer, it is natural to try to keep the underlying model as simple as possible. One idea is to use either only insertion operations or only deletion operations. By helping with a weak coding and a morphism, the family INS4^7DEL0^0 is equal to the family of recursively enumerable languages. It is an open problem proposed by Martin-Vide et al. on whether or not the parameters 4 and 7 appearing here can be replaced by smaller numbers. In this paper, our positive answer to this question is that INS2^4DEL0^0 can also play the same role as insertion and deletion. We suppose that the INS2^4DEL0^0 may be the least only-insertion insdel system in this situation. We will give some reasons supporting this conjecture in our paper.展开更多
This article aims at characterization and assessment of the financial behaviors of rural dwellers on non-cash payment markets and identification of factors determining the intensity of using individual methods of paym...This article aims at characterization and assessment of the financial behaviors of rural dwellers on non-cash payment markets and identification of factors determining the intensity of using individual methods of payment by the inhabitants of rural areas. The main source of data used for analysis and inference was information originating from the authors＇ own investigations conducted in 2013 on a group of 500 rural households and on a group of 150 trade and service points operating in non-urbanized areas. This work made use of statistical summary measures and Z2 independence test. According to the results of the conducted studies, forms of payment used by rural dwellers depend on many variables, of demographic, economic, and psychological character. Cash payments are more frequently used by persons possessing vocational or secondary education, elderly people, old-age pensioners, annuitants, or households with lower incomes. Also, persons who do not trust financial institutions or do not perceive benefits resulting from the use of non-cash instruments prefer cash. It is a group of households which require urgent educational activities in the area of non-cash payment instruments. A significant barrier to using non-cash payment instruments by rural dwellers was a limited access to non-cash channels. It is connected in the first place with a poorer development of financial infrastructure in rural areas （banks or cash points）, insufficient Internet access conditioning a possibility to use electronic banking points, and also a worse development of credit card acceptance network. As has been demonstrated by the results of conducted studies, the main reason for a lack of point of sale （POS） terminals in retail and service-providing points operating in rural areas, in the opinion of their owners, is the very high interchange fee （50% indications）, which under Polish conditions is one of the highest in the European Union （EU）.展开更多
The dynamics characteristics of the robotic arm system are usually highly nonlinear and strongly coupling,which will make it difficult to analyze the stability by the methods of solving kinetic equations or constructi...The dynamics characteristics of the robotic arm system are usually highly nonlinear and strongly coupling,which will make it difficult to analyze the stability by the methods of solving kinetic equations or constructing Lyapunov function,especially,these methods cannot calculate the quantitative relationship between mechanical structures or control input and dynamics parameters and stability.The theoretical analysis process from symbol dynamics modeling of the robotic arm system to the movement stability is studied by using the concept of Lyapunov exponents method. To verify the algorithm effectiveness,the inner relation between its joint input torque and stability or chaotic and stable motion of the 2-DOF robotic arm system is analyzed quantitatively. As compared with its counterpart of Lyapunov's direct method,the main advantage of the concept of Lyapunov exponents is that the methods for calculating the exponents are constructive to provide an effective analysis tool for analyzing robotic arm system movement stability of nonlinear systems.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Founda- tion of China (No. 20671068 and 20471041)
文摘An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.
文摘Twin-rotor cylinder-embedded piston engine is proposed for dealing with the sealing problems of rotors in twin-rotor piston engine where the existent mature sealing technologies for traditional reciprocating engine can be applied.The quantity and forms of its sealing surfaces are reduced and simplified,and what's more,the advantages of twin-rotor piston engine are inherited,such as high power density and no valve mechanism.Given the motion law of two rotors,its kinematic model is established,and the general expression for some parameters related to engine performance,such as the trajectory,displacement,velocity and acceleration of the piston and centroid trajectory,angular displacement,velocity and acceleration of the rod are presented.By selecting different variation patterns of relative angle of two rotors,the relevant variables are compared.It can be concluded that by designing the relative angle function of two rotors,the volume variation of working chamber can be changed.However,a comprehensive consideration for friction and vibration is necessary because velocity and acceleration are quite different in the different functions,the swing magnitude of rod is proportional to link ratio λ,and the position of rod swing center is controlled by eccentricity e.In order to reduce the lateral force,a smaller value of λ should be selected in the case of the structure,and the value of e should be near 0.95.There is no relationship between the piston stroke and the variation process of relative angle of two rotors,the former is only proportional to the amplitude of relative angle of two rotors.
文摘In the last couple of years, social financing costs have shot up in China despite an overall capital abundance and increasing market-based capital allocation. This paper has investigated overall financial cost and capital cost ratio as two measurements of financing cost, compared financing costs of different channels, examined the relationship of risk premium, financial repression, interest rate liberalization, and resource occupation versus financing cost, and addressed the problem of high non-manufacturing cost. On such a basis, specific countermeasures have been proposed. The main conclusion of this paper is： The current high social financing costs primarily result from economic structural imbalance. The fundamental solution lies in continuing structural reform and credibility system development to eliminate barriers in the transmission of capital circulation policies such as expanding equity financing, relaxing market access formalities for small and micro financial institutions, and improving the bankruptcy system to give full play to the ＂survival of the fittest＂ mechanism of the market.
文摘Hybrid mecihanism is a new type of planar controllable mechanism. Position control acouracy of system determines the output aconracy of the mechanism. In order to achieve the desired high acowacy, nonlinear factors as friction nmst be accurately compensated in the real-time servo control algoritinn. In this paper, the model of a hybrid five-bar mechanism is introduced. In terms of the characteristics of the hybrid mechanism, a hybrid intelligent control algorithm based on proportional-integral-derivative （PID） control and cerebellar model articulation control techniques was presented and used to perform control of hybrid five-bar mechanism for the lust time. The sinmulation results show that the hybrid control method can improve the control effect remarkably, compared with the traditional PID control strategy.
文摘By analyzing a combined and spatial 6-bar linkage weft insertion mechanism, its practical model for optimization design is set up and the modification of penalty strategy is put forward so that the genetic algorithm can be better used in optimization design for mechanisms with non- linear constraints. The design result is discussed.
文摘Currently, under the cloud service architecture, the increasing importance of network security and security issues are still emerging. With the rapid development of the network platform, it is connected to the number and size of the trusted computing environment for all kinds of applications that are rapidly expanding, ever-changing network health, network time being emergencies, assault, failure, threat of disaster, its safety, survivability and availability of face serious challenges. Although TNC Working Group made safe and reliable framework from the network access layer, it is not at the level of user access, system access levels and further given the level of situational awareness and effective solutions.
文摘A more recent branch of natural computing is DNA computing. At the theoretical level, DNA computing is powerful. This is due to the fact that DNA structure and processing suggest a series of new data structures and operations, and to the fact of the massive parallelism. The insertion-deletion system （insdel system） is a DNA computing model based on two genetic operations： insertion and deletion which, working together, are very powerful, leading to characterizations of recursively enumerable lan- guages. When designing an insdel computer, it is natural to try to keep the underlying model as simple as possible. One idea is to use either only insertion operations or only deletion operations. By helping with a weak coding and a morphism, the family INS4^7DEL0^0 is equal to the family of recursively enumerable languages. It is an open problem proposed by Martin-Vide et al. on whether or not the parameters 4 and 7 appearing here can be replaced by smaller numbers. In this paper, our positive answer to this question is that INS2^4DEL0^0 can also play the same role as insertion and deletion. We suppose that the INS2^4DEL0^0 may be the least only-insertion insdel system in this situation. We will give some reasons supporting this conjecture in our paper.
文摘This article aims at characterization and assessment of the financial behaviors of rural dwellers on non-cash payment markets and identification of factors determining the intensity of using individual methods of payment by the inhabitants of rural areas. The main source of data used for analysis and inference was information originating from the authors＇ own investigations conducted in 2013 on a group of 500 rural households and on a group of 150 trade and service points operating in non-urbanized areas. This work made use of statistical summary measures and Z2 independence test. According to the results of the conducted studies, forms of payment used by rural dwellers depend on many variables, of demographic, economic, and psychological character. Cash payments are more frequently used by persons possessing vocational or secondary education, elderly people, old-age pensioners, annuitants, or households with lower incomes. Also, persons who do not trust financial institutions or do not perceive benefits resulting from the use of non-cash instruments prefer cash. It is a group of households which require urgent educational activities in the area of non-cash payment instruments. A significant barrier to using non-cash payment instruments by rural dwellers was a limited access to non-cash channels. It is connected in the first place with a poorer development of financial infrastructure in rural areas （banks or cash points）, insufficient Internet access conditioning a possibility to use electronic banking points, and also a worse development of credit card acceptance network. As has been demonstrated by the results of conducted studies, the main reason for a lack of point of sale （POS） terminals in retail and service-providing points operating in rural areas, in the opinion of their owners, is the very high interchange fee （50% indications）, which under Polish conditions is one of the highest in the European Union （EU）.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51405243,51575283)
文摘The dynamics characteristics of the robotic arm system are usually highly nonlinear and strongly coupling,which will make it difficult to analyze the stability by the methods of solving kinetic equations or constructing Lyapunov function,especially,these methods cannot calculate the quantitative relationship between mechanical structures or control input and dynamics parameters and stability.The theoretical analysis process from symbol dynamics modeling of the robotic arm system to the movement stability is studied by using the concept of Lyapunov exponents method. To verify the algorithm effectiveness,the inner relation between its joint input torque and stability or chaotic and stable motion of the 2-DOF robotic arm system is analyzed quantitatively. As compared with its counterpart of Lyapunov's direct method,the main advantage of the concept of Lyapunov exponents is that the methods for calculating the exponents are constructive to provide an effective analysis tool for analyzing robotic arm system movement stability of nonlinear systems.
